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1 - Norbert Wiener and the Rise of Information Ethics

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 July 2009

By
Terrell Ward Bynum
Edited by
Jeroen van den Hoven  and
John Weckert
Terrell Ward Bynum
Affiliation:
Professor of philosophy and Director Research Center on Computing and Society, Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven
John Weckert
Affiliation:
Charles Sturt University, Albury, New South Wales
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Summary

To live effectively is to live with adequate information. Thus, communication and control belong to the essence of man's inner life, even as they belong to his life in society.

Norbert Wiener

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND ETHICS

Major scientific and technological innovations often have profound social and ethical effects. For example, in Europe during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, Copernicus, Newton, and other scientists developed a powerful new model of the universe. This stunning scientific achievement led to increased respect for science and for the power of human reasoning. During that same era, recently invented printing-press technology made it possible to spread knowledge far and wide across Europe, instead of leaving it, as before, in the hands of a privileged minority of scholars. Inspired by these scientific and technological achievements, philosophers, such as Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau, re-examined human nature and the idea of a good society. They viewed human beings as rational agents capable of thinking for themselves and acquiring knowledge through science and books. In addition, they interpreted society as a creation of informed, rational citizens working together through social contracts. These philosophical developments laid foundations for ethical theories such as those of Bentham and Kant, and for political changes such as the American Revolution and the French Revolution.

Today, after far-reaching scientific achievements in physics, biology, and cybernetics – and after recent technological advances in digital computing and information networks – philosophers are again rethinking the nature of human beings and of society.

Type
Chapter
Information
Information Technology and Moral Philosophy , pp. 8 - 25
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2008

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