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5 - Antheridiogens

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 August 2009

By
Jakob J. Schneller
Edited by
Tom A. Ranker  and
Christopher H. Haufler
Jakob J. Schneller
Affiliation:
Institut für Systematische Botanik, Universität Zürich, CH-8008 Zürich, Switzerland
Tom A. Ranker
Affiliation:
University of Colorado, Boulder
Christopher H. Haufler
Affiliation:
University of Kansas
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Summary

Introduction

In homosporous ferns individual gametophytes are generally able to form both antheridia and archegonia. No genetic regulation that determines the sex of the haploid generation has been demonstrated. Growth, temperature, light conditions, environmental characteristics, soil conditions, and, in many cases, antheridia-inducing substances can influence the development of antheridia and archegonia (Voeller, 1964; Miller, 1968; Voeller and Weinberg, 1969). We can therefore describe homosporous ferns as having labile sex expression (Korpelainen, 1998).

The antheridia-inducing substances are called antheridiogens, and are products (hormone-like substances) of the metabolism of prothalli. The term antheridiogen characterizes the function but not the chemical composition. In the literature there is a variety of different terms for antheridiogen, for instance, A-substance (Döpp, 1950, 1959, 1962), antheridogen (Pringle, 1961), pheromone (e.g., Näf et al., 1975; Scott and Hickok, 1987), and hormone (e.g., Näf, 1962; Näf et al., 1975; Raghavan, 1989). Schraudolf (1985) distinguished between the pheromonal (effective on neighboring individuals) and the hormonal (effective within an individual plant) phase of antheridiogens. Here, we will use antheridiogen, the term that is favored in the literature.

History of discovery

Döpp (1950) was the first to discover a naturally produced substance that induces antheridia formation in young prothalli. He showed that substrate from maturing prothallial cultures of bracken (Pteridium aquilinum) induced antheridia formation in young prothalli of its own species and those of Dryopteris filix-mas. The same was true also when using aquatic extractions.

Type
Chapter
Information
Biology and Evolution of Ferns and Lycophytes , pp. 134 - 158
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2008

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  • Antheridiogens
    • By Jakob J. Schneller, Institut für Systematische Botanik, Universität Zürich, CH-8008 Zürich, Switzerland
  • Edited by Tom A. Ranker, University of Colorado, Boulder, Christopher H. Haufler, University of Kansas
  • Book: Biology and Evolution of Ferns and Lycophytes
  • Online publication: 11 August 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511541827.006
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  • Antheridiogens
    • By Jakob J. Schneller, Institut für Systematische Botanik, Universität Zürich, CH-8008 Zürich, Switzerland
  • Edited by Tom A. Ranker, University of Colorado, Boulder, Christopher H. Haufler, University of Kansas
  • Book: Biology and Evolution of Ferns and Lycophytes
  • Online publication: 11 August 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511541827.006
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  • Antheridiogens
    • By Jakob J. Schneller, Institut für Systematische Botanik, Universität Zürich, CH-8008 Zürich, Switzerland
  • Edited by Tom A. Ranker, University of Colorado, Boulder, Christopher H. Haufler, University of Kansas
  • Book: Biology and Evolution of Ferns and Lycophytes
  • Online publication: 11 August 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511541827.006
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