Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of abbreviations
- Part I Fundamentals of CXR interpretation – ‘the basics’
- Part II A–Z Chest Radiology
- Abscess
- Achalasia
- Alveolar microlithiasis
- Aneurysm of the pulmonary artery
- Aortic arch aneurysm
- Aortic rupture
- Asbestos plaques
- Asthma
- Bochdalek hernia
- Bronchiectasis
- Bronchocele
- Calcified granulomata
- Carcinoma
- Cardiac aneurysm
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- Coarctation of the aorta
- Collapsed lung
- Consolidated lung
- Diaphragmatic hernia – acquired
- Diaphragmatic hernia – congenital
- Embolic disease
- Emphysematous bulla
- Extrinsic allergic alveolitis
- Flail chest
- Foregut duplication cyst
- Foreign body – inhaled
- Foreign body – swallowed
- Goitre
- Haemothorax
- Heart failure
- Hiatus hernia
- Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
- Incorrectly sited central venous line
- Kartagener syndrome
- Lymphangioleiomyomatosis
- Lymphoma
- Macleod's syndrome
- Mastectomy
- Mesothelioma
- Metastases
- Neuroenteric cyst
- Neurofibromatosis
- Pancoast tumour
- Pectus excavatum
- Pericardial cyst
- Pleural effusion
- Pleural mass
- Pneumoconiosis
- Pneumoperitoneum
- Pneumothorax
- Poland's syndrome
- Post lobectomy/post pneumonectomy
- Progressive massive fibrosis
- Pulmonary arterial hypertension
- Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation
- Sarcoidosis
- Silicosis
- Subphrenic abscess
- Thoracoplasty
- Thymus – malignant thymoma
- Thymus – normal
- Tuberculosis
- Varicella pneumonia
- Wegener's granulomatosis
Macleod's syndrome
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 25 February 2010
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of abbreviations
- Part I Fundamentals of CXR interpretation – ‘the basics’
- Part II A–Z Chest Radiology
- Abscess
- Achalasia
- Alveolar microlithiasis
- Aneurysm of the pulmonary artery
- Aortic arch aneurysm
- Aortic rupture
- Asbestos plaques
- Asthma
- Bochdalek hernia
- Bronchiectasis
- Bronchocele
- Calcified granulomata
- Carcinoma
- Cardiac aneurysm
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- Coarctation of the aorta
- Collapsed lung
- Consolidated lung
- Diaphragmatic hernia – acquired
- Diaphragmatic hernia – congenital
- Embolic disease
- Emphysematous bulla
- Extrinsic allergic alveolitis
- Flail chest
- Foregut duplication cyst
- Foreign body – inhaled
- Foreign body – swallowed
- Goitre
- Haemothorax
- Heart failure
- Hiatus hernia
- Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
- Incorrectly sited central venous line
- Kartagener syndrome
- Lymphangioleiomyomatosis
- Lymphoma
- Macleod's syndrome
- Mastectomy
- Mesothelioma
- Metastases
- Neuroenteric cyst
- Neurofibromatosis
- Pancoast tumour
- Pectus excavatum
- Pericardial cyst
- Pleural effusion
- Pleural mass
- Pneumoconiosis
- Pneumoperitoneum
- Pneumothorax
- Poland's syndrome
- Post lobectomy/post pneumonectomy
- Progressive massive fibrosis
- Pulmonary arterial hypertension
- Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation
- Sarcoidosis
- Silicosis
- Subphrenic abscess
- Thoracoplasty
- Thymus – malignant thymoma
- Thymus – normal
- Tuberculosis
- Varicella pneumonia
- Wegener's granulomatosis
Summary
Characteristics
Also known as Swyer–James syndrome or unilateral lobar emphysema.
Follows an acute viral infective bronchiolitis (e.g. adenovirus or measles) to the developing lung during childhood (< 8 years old). The children then develop a post infective form of obliterative bronchiolitis with bronchiectasis and distal airspace destruction.
Usually affects the whole of one lung, but can affect both lungs and very occasionally has been shown to affect lobar or segmental parts of the lung.
Clinical features
Often asymptomatic.
Cough, SOB, wheeze.
History of recurrent childhood infections.
Presentation usually in adulthood.
Radiological features
CXR – there is typically increased transradiancy throughout one lung. Reduced volume in affected lung. May be mediastinal shift towards the affected side. Air trapping in expiration. Reduced pulmonary vasculature in low attenuation areas on the affected side.
HRCT – often bilateral mosaic pattern of reduced attenuation and air trapping demonstrated. Again reduced pulmonary vasculature in low attenuation areas. Bronchiectasis may be present.
Partial involvement of only one lobe or lung is difficult to diagnose.
Differential diagnosis
Hypogenetic lung syndrome (this is associated with proximal interruption of the pulmonary artery).
Pulmonary artery hypoplasia.
Thromboembolic disease (seen more in adults).
Localised bullous emphysema (seen more in adults).
Bronchial obstruction.
Management
No active management in most patients.
Physiotherapy and long-term antibiotic requirement may be necessary.
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- A-Z of Chest Radiology , pp. 132 - 133Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2007
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