Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Acknowledgement
- OPENING ADDRESS OF THE FIRST GEORGE KOVACS COLLOQUIUM
- HETEROGENEITY AND SCALING LAND-ATMOSPHERIC WATER AND ENERGY FLUXES IN CLIMATE SYSTEMS
- SCALE PROBLEMS IN SURFACE FLUXES
- REMOTE SENSING – INVERSE MODELLING APPROACH TO DETERMINE LARGE SCALE EFFECTIVE SOIL HYDRAULIC PROPERTIES IN SOIL–VEGETATION–ATMOSPHERE SYSTEMS
- THE IMPORTANCE OF LANDSCAPE POSITION IN SCALING SVAT MODELS TO CATCHMENT SCALE HYDROECOLOGICAL PREDICTION
- THE INFLUENCE OF SUBGRID-SCALE SPATIAL VARIABILITY ON PRECIPITATION AND SOIL MOISTURE IN AN ATMOSPHERIC GCM
- MODELLING THE HYDROLOGICAL RESPONSE TO LARGE SCALE LAND USE CHANGE
- AN APPROACH TO REPRESENT MESOSCALE (SUBGRID-SCALE) FLUXES IN GCMs DEMONSTRATED WITH SIMULATIONS OF LOCAL DEFORESTATION IN AMAZONIA
- A HIERARCHICAL APPROACH TO THE CONNECTION OF GLOBAL HYDROLOGICAL AND ATMOSPHERIC MODELS
- STOCHASTIC DOWNSCALING OF GCM-OUTPUT RESULTS USING ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION PATTERNS
- DEPENDENCIES OF SPATIAL VARIABILITY IN FLUVIAL ECOSYSTEMS ON THE TEMPORAL HYDROLOGICAL VARIABILITY
- PROBLEMS AND PROGRESS IN MACROSCALE HYDROLOGICAL MODELLING
- PREDICTABILITY OF THE ATMOSPHERE AND CLIMATE: TOWARDS A DYNAMICAL VIEW
- FROM SCALAR CASCADES TO LIE CASCADES: JOINT MULTIFRACTAL ANALYSIS OF RAIN AND CLOUD PROCESSES
- FRACTALS ET MULTIFRACTALS APPLIQUÉS À L'ÉTUDE DE LA VARIABILITÉ TEMPORELLE DES PRÉCIPITATIONS
PROBLEMS AND PROGRESS IN MACROSCALE HYDROLOGICAL MODELLING
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 November 2011
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Acknowledgement
- OPENING ADDRESS OF THE FIRST GEORGE KOVACS COLLOQUIUM
- HETEROGENEITY AND SCALING LAND-ATMOSPHERIC WATER AND ENERGY FLUXES IN CLIMATE SYSTEMS
- SCALE PROBLEMS IN SURFACE FLUXES
- REMOTE SENSING – INVERSE MODELLING APPROACH TO DETERMINE LARGE SCALE EFFECTIVE SOIL HYDRAULIC PROPERTIES IN SOIL–VEGETATION–ATMOSPHERE SYSTEMS
- THE IMPORTANCE OF LANDSCAPE POSITION IN SCALING SVAT MODELS TO CATCHMENT SCALE HYDROECOLOGICAL PREDICTION
- THE INFLUENCE OF SUBGRID-SCALE SPATIAL VARIABILITY ON PRECIPITATION AND SOIL MOISTURE IN AN ATMOSPHERIC GCM
- MODELLING THE HYDROLOGICAL RESPONSE TO LARGE SCALE LAND USE CHANGE
- AN APPROACH TO REPRESENT MESOSCALE (SUBGRID-SCALE) FLUXES IN GCMs DEMONSTRATED WITH SIMULATIONS OF LOCAL DEFORESTATION IN AMAZONIA
- A HIERARCHICAL APPROACH TO THE CONNECTION OF GLOBAL HYDROLOGICAL AND ATMOSPHERIC MODELS
- STOCHASTIC DOWNSCALING OF GCM-OUTPUT RESULTS USING ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION PATTERNS
- DEPENDENCIES OF SPATIAL VARIABILITY IN FLUVIAL ECOSYSTEMS ON THE TEMPORAL HYDROLOGICAL VARIABILITY
- PROBLEMS AND PROGRESS IN MACROSCALE HYDROLOGICAL MODELLING
- PREDICTABILITY OF THE ATMOSPHERE AND CLIMATE: TOWARDS A DYNAMICAL VIEW
- FROM SCALAR CASCADES TO LIE CASCADES: JOINT MULTIFRACTAL ANALYSIS OF RAIN AND CLOUD PROCESSES
- FRACTALS ET MULTIFRACTALS APPLIQUÉS À L'ÉTUDE DE LA VARIABILITÉ TEMPORELLE DES PRÉCIPITATIONS
Summary
ABSTRACT One of the major problems in macroscale hydrological modelling is the assessment of areal heterogeneity in important land surface characteristics, such as topography, land use, land cover, soil, vegetation and hydrological characteristics. After a brief discussion of spatial scales to be covered and related categories of models to be applied two examples are presented which underline the problems involved in the application of lumped models for large areas, like grid areas of general atmospheric circulation models (GCMs). A strategy for a more appropriate hydrologically sound structuring of macroscale hydrological models is then outlined which takes into account the following facts and features: (1) zones of ‘uniform’ atmospheric forcing, (2) landscape patchiness, (3) intra-patch heterogeneity, (4) a ‘Two-Domains-Modelling’ concept, which is essential for the coupling of atmospheric and land-surface hydrological models.
INTRODUCTION
Global modelling is the subject of two of the most challenging recent international programmes:
– The World Climate Research Programme (WCRP), and
– The International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP) – a Study of Global Change.
A main objective in both programmes is to improve land surface process descriptions (parameterisations) to be applied at large scales, up to the scale of grid areas of global atmospheric circulation models (GCMs) which cover about 104–105km2.
Problems in large scale land-surface process modelling and some improvements achieved during the last years are briefly discussed in the following and suggestions are made for further progress.
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- Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 1995
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