Introduction

Forensic dentistry (forensic odontology) can be regarded as a marriage between the dental and legal professions – the correct management, interpretation, evaluation and presentation of dental evidence for criminal or civil legal proceedings.

Disasters, whether man-made or natural continue to claim lives, acts of terrorism are an ever-increasing threat, and human aggression and abuse persist worldwide.

The last decade has seen much progress in the world of forensic dentistry. The discipline has striven to become more scientific, evidence based, standardized and accountable so that from call out to court the evidence is as reliable as possible. All those involved in the subject should be appropriately qualified, build up personal experience of the field, adhere to a professional code of conduct and be responsible for their continuing professional development. As in all the different forensic disciplines, the goal is to produce carefully considered conclusions free from personal bias – miscarriage of justice and incarceration of an innocent person (or release of the guilty) may be the result of getting it wrong. The responsibility of the forensic expert is great indeed.

Major uses of forensic dentistry

Most frequently the forensic dentist is involved with:

• Identification of the deceased, both individual and in mass disaster.

• Age estimation of both the living and deceased.

• Bite mark analysis, to include cases of homicide, sexual assault, fights and abuse issues.

• Fragment comparisons.

• Archaeological discoveries.

• Cold cases.

The forensic dentist and forensic physician are most likely to work together when biting injuries are present or abuse is suspected, but a general understanding of the role of the forensic dentist can only assist in creating better understanding and teamwork between the forensic disciplines.