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Chapter 8 - Impact on Assemblies of Rigid Elements

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 January 2010

W. J. Stronge
Affiliation:
University of Cambridge
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Summary

Physics is popularly deemed unnecessary for the astronomer, but truly it is in the highest degree relevant to the purpose of this branch of philosophy, and cannot indeed, be dispensed with by the astronomer. For astronomers should not have absolute freedom to think up anything they please without reason; on the contrary, you should give causas probabiles for your hypotheses which you propose as the true cause of the appearances, and thus establish in advance the principles of your astronomy in a higher science, namely physics or metaphysics.

J. Kepler, Epitome Astronomiae Copernicanae, transl. N. J ardine, The Birth of History and Philosophy of Science, CUP (1984)

Impact against a mechanism composed of nearly rigid bodies is a feature of many practical machines. These systems may include mechanisms where the relative velocities at joints are initially zero and finally must vanish or they can be another type of system such as a gear train or an agglomerate of unconnected bodies where at each contact the normal component of terminal relative velocity must be separating. These two classes of multibody impact problems – mechanisms and separate bodies that are touching – are distinguished from analyses of two-body impacts by the addition of constraint equations that describe limitations on relative motion at each point of contact between bodies. These constraint equations express the linkage between separate elements. Books on dynamics typically analyze the impulsive response of systems composed of rigid bodies linked by frictionless or nondissipative pinned joints.

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Chapter
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Impact Mechanics , pp. 173 - 200
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2000

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