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3 - The Basic Elements of Rawls' Linguistic Analogy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 September 2011

John Mikhail
Affiliation:
Georgetown University, Washington DC
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Summary

It may now be ask'd in general, concerning this pain or pleasure, that distinguishes moral good and evil, From what principles is it derived, and whence does it arise in the human mind? To this I reply, first, that 'tis absurd to imagine, that in every particular instance, these sentiments are produc'd by an original quality and primary constitution. For as the number of our duties is, in a manner, infinite, 'tis impossible that our original instincts should extend to each of them, and from our very first infancy impress on the human mind all that multitude of precepts, which are contain'd in the compleatest system of ethics. Such a method of proceeding is not conformable to the usual maxims, by which nature is conducted, where a few principles produce all that variety we observe in the universe, and everything is carry'd on in the easiest and most simple manner. 'Tis necessary, therefore, to abridge these primary impulses, and find some more general principles, upon which all our notions of morals are founded.

– David Hume, A Treatise of Human Nature

The main argument of this book is that Rawls was correct to assume in Section 9 of A Theory of Justice that the theory of moral cognition is usefully modeled on aspects of Chomsky's theory of Universal Grammar.

Type
Chapter
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Elements of Moral Cognition
Rawls' Linguistic Analogy and the Cognitive Science of Moral and Legal Judgment
, pp. 42 - 74
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2011

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