Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Contributors
- Acknowledgments
- Introduction Locating rights, envisioning law between the global and the local
- PART ONE STATES OF VIOLENCE
- PART TWO REGISTERS OF POWER
- PART THREE CONDITIONS OF VULNERABILITY
- Introduction
- 5 Rights to indigenous culture in Colombia
- 6 The 2000 UN Human Trafficking Protocol: rights, enforcement, vulnerabilities
- PART FOUR ENCOUNTERING AMBIVALENCE
- Conclusion Tyrannosaurus lex: the anthropology of human rights and transnational law
- Index
- References
5 - Rights to indigenous culture in Colombia
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 29 March 2011
Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Contributors
- Acknowledgments
- Introduction Locating rights, envisioning law between the global and the local
- PART ONE STATES OF VIOLENCE
- PART TWO REGISTERS OF POWER
- PART THREE CONDITIONS OF VULNERABILITY
- Introduction
- 5 Rights to indigenous culture in Colombia
- 6 The 2000 UN Human Trafficking Protocol: rights, enforcement, vulnerabilities
- PART FOUR ENCOUNTERING AMBIVALENCE
- Conclusion Tyrannosaurus lex: the anthropology of human rights and transnational law
- Index
- References
Summary
INTRODUCTION
This chapter uses three cases from indigenous Colombia to examine the at times awkward relationship between the set of “basic” human rights seen to reside in individuals (e.g., the right to be free from killing, torture, or forced exile) and a set of collective rights known as “rights to culture” (also known as “rights to difference”). Both sets of rights appear in various covenants and treaties to which the country has been a signatory, and they share some – but only some – of the same intellectual and moral underpinnings. I also examine the problematic way both the Colombian government and indigenous communities (henceforth pueblos) appeal to a discourse of culture when disputes arise over who is entitled to claim the “right to culture.” The conflicts these three cases illustrate have arisen in no small part due to the fact that campaigns supporting basic human rights, and the mobilizations around indigenous rights, have emerged out of significantly different histories.
I have been conducting research since 1968 on various topics in the Vaupés, a department in the southeastern part of the country. In the early 1980s I became interested in the indigenous rights mobilizing taking place in the region, and subsequently expanded that interest to include the organizing at the national and international levels (see Warren and Jackson 2002; Jackson and Warren 2005).
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- The Practice of Human RightsTracking Law between the Global and the Local, pp. 204 - 241Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2007
References
Alvarez, Sonia E., Evelina Dagnino, and Arturo Escobar. 1998. “Introduction.” In , and , eds., Cultures of Politics Politics of Cultures: Re-visioning Latin American Social Movements. Boulder: Westview Press.Google Scholar
. 2005. “Lévi-Strauss and the Political: The Elementary Structures of Kinship and the Resolution of Relations between Indigenous People and Settler States.” Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute (N.S.) 11: 425–444.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Assies, Willem. 2000. “Indigenous Peoples and Reform of the State in Latin America.” In , and , eds. The Challenge of Diversity: Indigenous Peoples and Reform of the State in Latin America. Amsterdam: Thela Thesis, pp. 3–22.Google Scholar
Assies, Willem. 2003. “Indian Justice in the Andes: Re-rooting or Re-routing?” In and , eds. Imaging the Andes: Shifting Margins of a Marginal World. Amsterdam: CEDLA, pp. 167–186.Google Scholar
Assies, Willem, Gemma van der Haar, and André Hoekema. 2000. “Diversity as a challenge: a note on the dilemmas of diversity.” In , , and , eds. The Challenge of Diversity: Indigenous Peoples and Reform of the State in Latin America. Amsterdam: Thela Thesis, pp. 295–315.Google Scholar
. 2004. “Hermeneutical Violence: Human Rights, Law, and the Constitution of a Global Identity.” International Journal for the Semiotics of Law 17: 391–418.Google Scholar
. 2005. “Searching for Guarantees in the Midst of Uncertainty: Negotiating Aboriginal Rights and Title in British Columbia.” American Anthropologist 107(4): 586–596.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
. 1998. “Misterioso Baño de Piñacué: la Laguna de Juan Tama es una Leyenda.” El Tiempo, July 19.Google Scholar
2004. “ ‘We are not indigenous!’ The Maya Identity of Yucatan, an Introduction.” Journal of Latin American Anthropology 9(1): 36–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chaves, Margarita. 2001. “Conflictos Territoriales o la Política de la Ubicación: Actores Étnicos, Re-etnizados y no Étnicos en Disputa por un Territorio en el Putumayo.” In , ed. Memorias II Seminario Internacional sobre Territorio y Cultura: Territorios de conflicto y cambio sociocultural. Manizales: Universidad de Caldas, pp. 167–186.Google Scholar
Chaves, Margarita. 2003. “Cabildos Multiétnicos e Identidades Depuradas.” In , ed. Fronteras: Territorios y Metáforas. Medellín: Hombre Nuevo Editores.Google Scholar
Chaves, Margarita. 2005. “ ‘Qué va a Pasar con los Indios Cuando todos Seamos Indios?’ Ethnic Rights and Reindianization in Southwestern Colombian Amazonia.” Ph.D. thesis, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
Chernick, Marc. 2005. “Economic Resources and Internal Armed Conflicts: Lessons from the Colombian Case.” In and , eds. Rethinking the Economics of War: the Intersection of Need, Creed, and Greed. Washington, DC and Baltimore: Woodrow Wilson Center Press and The Johns Hopkins University Press, pp. 178–205.Google Scholar
2006. “Culture and Rights after Culture and Rights.” American Anthropologist 108(1): 9–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cowan, Jane K., Marie Bénédicte Dembour, and Richard A. Wilson. 2001. “Introduction.” In , and , eds., Culture and Rights: Anthropological Perspectives. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 1–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dagnino, Evelina. 1998. “Culture, Citizenship, and Democracy: Changing Discourses and Practices of the Latin American Left.” In , and , eds. Cultures of Politics Politics of Cultures: Re-visioning Latin American Social Movements. Boulder: Westview, pp. 33–63.Google Scholar
Dudley, Steven. 2005. “Indians Battle Rebels.” Miami Herald, April 21.
Forero, Juan. 2005. “Colombia War Spills into Indians' Peaceful World.” New York Times, May 2.
García, Yimy Melo. 1997a. “El Castigo será en Febrero: los Indígenas Aplazaron un mes el Cumplimiento de la Sentencia a Implicados en Crimen.” El Espectador, January 11.
García, Yimy Melo. 1997b. “Es Mejor el Fuete que una Cárcel: Castigo Paez no es una Tortura, es la Forma de Asegurar Armonía en la Comunidad.” El Espectador, January 12.
García, Yimy Melo. 1997c. “Por Tutela se Aplazaron los Fuetazos en Jambaló.” El Espectador, January 11.
García, Yimy Melo. 1997d. “Sí les ‘dieron’ los Fuetazos en Toribío.” El Espectador, January 13.
García, Yimy Melo. 1998. “Le Cambian Fuete por Agua a Piñacué.” El Espectador, July 16.
Graham, Laura R. 2002. “How should an Indian speak? Amazonian Indians and the Symbolic Politics of Language in the Global Public Sphere.” In and , eds. Indigenous Movements, Self-Representation and the State in Latin America. Austin: University of Texas Press, pp. 181–228.Google Scholar
. 2005. “Guerrillas, Soldiers, Paramilitaries, Assassins, Narcos, and Gringos: The Unhappy Prospects for Peace and Democracy in Colombia.” Latin American Research Review 40(2): 137–149.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
. 2000. Políticas de la Etnicidad: Identidad, Estado y Modernidad. Bogota: Instituto Colombiano de Antropología e Historia.Google Scholar
. 2002. “Does Multiculturalism Menace? Governance, Cultural Rights and the Politics of Identity in Guatemala.” Journal of Latin American Studies 34: 485–524.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, 2004. “Rethinking Indigenous Politics in the Era of the ‘Indio Permitido’.” NACLA 38(1): 16–20.Google Scholar
Hernândez, Manuel. 1998. “Laboratorio Social.” El Espectador, September 8.
1996. “The Impact of Recent National Legislation on Tukanoan Communities in the Vaupés Region of Southeastern Colombia.” Journal of Latin American Anthropology 1(2): 120–151.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jackson, Jean E. 2002a. “Caught in the Crossfire: Colombia's Indigenous Peoples during the 1990s.” In , ed. Identities in Conflict: Indigenous Peoples and Latin American States. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, pp. 107–134.Google Scholar
Jackson, Jean E. 2002b. “Contested Discourses of Authority in Colombian National Indigenous Politics: The 1996 Summer Takeovers.” In , and , , eds. Indigenous Movements, Self-Representation and the State in Latin America. Austin: University of Texas Press, pp. 81–122.Google Scholar
Jackson, Jean E. 2005. “Colombia's Indigenous Peoples Confront the Armed Conflict.” In , and , eds. Elusive Peace: International, National, and Local Dimensions of Conflict in Colombia. New York: Palgrave/Macmillan, pp. 185–208.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, and . 2005. “Indigenous Movements in Latin America, 1992–2004: Controversies, Ironies, New Directions.” Annual Review of Anthropology. Palo Alto: Annual Reviews, pp. 549–573.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, and . 1995. Cultural Politics: Class, Gender, Race, and the Postmodern World. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
. 2003. More Terrible than Death: Violence, Drugs, and America's War in Colombia. New York: Public Affairs.Google Scholar
. 2005. Comunidades Indígenas, Espacios Políticos y Movilización Electoral en Colombia, 1990–1998: Motivaciones, Campos de Acción e Impactos. Bogota: Instituto Colombiano de Antropología e Historia, Instituto Francés de Estudios Andinos.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
. 2005. “Beyond the State and Failed Schemes.” American Anthropologist 107(3): 383–394.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mercado, Bibiana. 1993. “ ‘Estamos en el Centro de una Guerra’: Indígenas.” El Tiempo, November 21.
Merry, Sally E. 1997. Legal Pluralism and Transnational Culture: The Ka Ho'okolokolonui Kanaka Maoli Tribunal, Hawai'i 1993.” In , ed. Human Rights, Culture and Context: Anthropological Perspectives. London: Pluto Press.Google Scholar
Merry, Sally E. 2001. “Changing rights, changing culture.” In , and , eds. Culture and Rights: Anthropological Perspectives. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 31–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
. 2006. “Transnational Human Rights and Local Activism: Mapping the Middle.” American Anthropologist 108(1): 38–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Molano, Alfredo. 2004. “La Fábula del Cóndor y el Colibri.” El Espectador, September 20.
Mompotes, Andrés. 1997a. “El Cepo Evita los Crímenes en Pitayó.” El Tiempo January 10.
Mompotes, Andrés. 1997b. “Ley Blanca no Lava las Culpas: Paeces Insisten en Castigar hoy con Latigazos a Implicados en Crimen.” El Tiempo, January 10.
Mompotes, Andrés. 1998a. “Gota fría para Piñacué: Fué condenado a sumergirse en la laguna Juan Tama.” El Tiempo, July 16.
Mompotes, Andrés. 1998b. “En Paniquitá Buscan un Fuete: Hoy es el Juicio a Jesús Piñacué.” El Tiempo, July 15.
. 1996. “Confronting the Dilemmas of Political Participation.” NACLA Report on the Americas 29(5): 21–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
. 2006. “Colombia's indigenous caught in the conflict.” NACLA Report on the Americas 39(4): 4–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
. 2001. Mayan Visions: The Quest for Autonomy in an Age of Globalization. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
. 2003. “Claiming a Place: Land and Identity in Two Communities in Northwestern Argentina.” Journal of Latin American Anthropology 8(3): 155–174.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2002. The Cunning of Recognition: Indigenous Alterities and the Making of Australian Multiculturalism. Durham: Duke University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
. 2001. Entre el Estado y la Guerrilla: Identidad y Ciudadanía en el Movimiento de los Campesinos Cocaleros del Putumayo. Bogota: Instituto Colombiano de Antropología e Historia.Google Scholar
Ramírez, María Clemencia. 2002. “The Politics of Identity and Cultural Difference in the Putumayo: Claiming Special Indigenous Rights in Colombia's Amazon.” In , ed. 2002. The Politics of Ethnicity: Indigenous Peoples in Latin American States. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, pp. 135–168.Google Scholar
. 2005. “Aerial Spraying and Alternative Development in Plan Colombia: Two Sides of the Same Coin or Two Contested Policies?” ReVista Spring/Summer, pp. 54–57.Google Scholar
. 2003. “Innovative Resistance in Cauca.” Cultural Survival Quarterly, Winter, pp. 39–43.Google Scholar
. 2005. Intercultural Utopias: Public Intellectuals, Cultural Experimentation, and Ethnic Pluralism in Colombia. Durham: Duke University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
. 1997. “Indigenous Peoples in International Law.” Yale Law Journal 107(1): 227–259.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sánchez, Esther. 1997. “Conflicto entre la Jurisdicción Especial Indígena y la Jurisdicción Ordinaria (enfoque Antropológico).” In Ministerio de Justicia y del Derecho/Dirección General de Asuntos Indígenas, “Del olvido surgimos para traer nuevas esperanzas”: La jurisdicción especial indígena. Bogota: 287–292.
. 1998. Justicia y Pueblos Indígenas de Colombia. Bogota: Universidad Nacional de Colombia.Google Scholar
Sánchez, Esther. 2000. “The Tutela-system as a means of Transforming the Relations between the State and the Indigenous Peoples of Colombia.” In , , and , eds. The Challenge of Diversity: Indigenous Peoples and Reform of the State in Latin America. Amsterdam: Thela Thesis, pp. 223–245.Google Scholar
. 2004. Justicia y PueblosIindígenas de Colombia Segundo Edición: Jurisprudencia Actualizada. Bogota: Universidad Nacional de Colombia & UNIJUS.Google Scholar
. 1995. Toward a New Common Sense: Law, Science and Politics in the Paradigmatic Transition. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Santos, Boaventura de Sousa. 2001. “El Significado Político y Jurídico de la Jurisdicción Indígena.” In , and , eds. El Caleidoscopio de las Justicias en Colombia, vol. 2. Bogota: Siglo de Hombre editores, pp. 201–216.Google Scholar
1990. Domination and the Arts of Resistance: Hidden Transcripts. New Haven: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Sieder, Rachel. 2002a. “Introduction.” In , ed. Multiculturalism in Latin America: Indigenous Rights, Diversity and Democracy. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 1–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sieder, Rachel. 2002b. “Recognising Indigenous Law and the Politics of State Formation in Mesoamerica.” In , ed. Multiculturalism in Latin America: Indigenous Rights, Diversity and Democracy. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 184–207.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sierra, María T. 1995. “Articulaciones entre ley y Costumbre: Estrategias Jurídicas de los Nahuas.” In , and , eds. Pueblos Indígenas Ante el Derecho. Mexico City, Mexico: Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social; Centro Francés de Estudios Mexicanos Centroamericanos, pp. 101–123.Google Scholar
. 2002. “Global Discourses on the Local Terrain: Human Rights and Indigenous Identity in Chiapas.” Cultural Dynamics 14(2): 205–128.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
. 2006. “At the Crossroads of Human Rights and Anthropology: Toward a Critically Engaged Activist Research.” American Anthropologist 108(1): 66–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stavenhagen, Rodolfo. 2002. “Indigenous Peoples and the State in Latin America: an Ongoing Debate.” In , ed. Multiculturalism in Latin America: Indigenous Rights, Diversity and Democracy. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 24–44.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stavenhagen, Rodolfo. 2005. “Human Rights and Indigenous Issues.” Report of the Special Rapporteur on the Situation of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms of Indigenous People. United Nations Economic and Social Council, Commission on Human Rights.
Strathern, Marilyn. 2004. “Losing (out on) Intellectual Resources.” In and , eds. Law, Anthropology, and the Constitution of the Social: Making Persons and Things. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 201–233.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Swepston, Lee. 1998. “The Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention (No. 169): Eight years after Adoption.” In , ed. The Human Rights of Indigenous Peoples. Ardsley, NY: Transnational Publishers, pp. 16–36.Google Scholar
Trouillot, Michel-Rolph. 1991. “Anthropology and the Savage Slot: The Poetics and Politics of Otherness.” In (ed.). Recapturing Anthropology. Santa Fe: School of American Research Press, pp. 17–44.Google Scholar
. 2001. “The Anthropology of the State in the Age of Globalization: Close Encounters of the Deceptive Kind.” Current Anthropology 42(1): 125–138.Google Scholar
Valencia, José Luis. 2001. “Indígenas Prohibirán paso a Actores Armados,” El Tiempo, May 16.
. 2000. The Friendly Liquidation of the Past: The Politics of Diversity in Latin America. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press.Google Scholar
. 2005. From Movements to Parties in Latin America: The Evolution of Ethnic Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Warren, Kay B., and Jean E. Jackson. 2002. “Introduction.” In , and , eds. Indigenous Movements, Self-Representation and the State in Latin America. Austin: University of Texas Press, pp. 1–46.Google Scholar
2004. “Ecuador in the New Millennium: 25 Years of Democracy.” Journal of Latin American Anthropology 9(2): 439–460.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, ed. 1997. Human Rights, Culture and Context: Anthropological Approaches. London Pluto.Google Scholar
2006. Afterword to “Anthropology and Human Rights in a New Key”: The social life of human rights.” American Anthropologist 108(1): 77–83.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2005. Contesting Citizenship in Latin America: The Rise of Indigenous Movements and the Postliberal Challenge. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yrigoyen, Raquel. 2002. “Peru Pluralist Constitution, Monist Judiciary – a Post-reform Assessment.” In , ed. 2002. Multiculturalism in Latin America: Indigenous Rights, Diversity and Democracy. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 157–183.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 57
- Cited by