Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-68945f75b7-z8dg2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-08-06T02:18:09.609Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

8 - A labyrinth of tangles

Alzheimer’s disease

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 March 2014

Douwe Draaisma
Affiliation:
Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, The Netherlands
HTML view is not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the 'Save PDF' action button.

Summary

In the photographs taken of her in 1902, Auguste Deter looks older than her 52 years. Her husband has brought her to the psychiatric clinic in Frankfurt am Main, because he is no longer able to care for her at home. Auguste is confused and restless. She suffers from paranoia and is convinced that her husband is carrying on with the woman next door. At times she doesn’t even recognize him as her husband. The family doctor notes in his referral that her memory is seriously affected, and that she suffers from insomnia. His diagnosis is ‘paralysis of the brain’. On 26 November 1901, the day after her admission, Alois Alzheimer has a conversation with his new patient. The first sentence in the dossier reads: ‘Sitting up in bed, expression distraught’. He asks her what her name is. ‘Auguste’. Last name? ‘Auguste’. What is your husband’s name? ‘I think it’s Auguste’. Are you married? ‘To Auguste’. When Alzheimer asks her how long she has been there, she says ‘three weeks’. He shows her various objects: a pencil, a pen, a key, a cigar. She is able to identify them, but shortly afterwards when Alzheimer asks her to name the objects without showing them to her, she has forgotten everything. When the noon meal (cauliflower and pork) is served, he asks her what she is eating. ‘Spinach’. He asks her to write down ‘Mrs Auguste Deter’, but after ‘Mrs’ she’s forgotten what she was supposed to write. Two days later, Alzheimer notes on her chart: ‘Constantly distraught, anxious’, and a day later ‘distraught, resists everything’. He asks her where she thinks she is now, when she was born, what her name is. She is unable to answer any of the questions. Auguste would ultimately spend almost five years in the clinic. Towards the end she lay in bed, dazed and incontinent, her legs drawn up, in a condition which Alzheimer described as ‘total feeble-mindedness’.

Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2009

References

Maurer, K. and Maurer, U., Alzheimer. Das Leben eines Arztes und die Karriere einer Krankheit (Munich, 1998Google Scholar
Maurer, K., Volk, S. and Gerbaldo, H., ‘Auguste D. and Alzheimer’s disease’, The Lancet, 349 (1997), 1546–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meyer, J.-E., ‘Alois Alzheimer (1864–1915)’ in Kolle, K. (ed.), Grosse Nervenärzte (Stuttgart, 1959), vol. II, pp. 30–8.Google Scholar
Jürgs, M., Alzheimer. Spurensuche im Niemandsland (Munich, 1999).Google Scholar
von Gudden, B., ‘Über ein neues Microtom’, Archiv für Psychiatrie, 5 (1875), 229–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nissl, F., ‘Zum Andenken A. Alzheimers’, Allgemeine Zeitschrift für Psychiatrie, 73 (1917), 96–107 (107).Google Scholar
Holdorff, B., ‘Friedrich Heinrich Lewy (1885–1950) – Initiator der Erforschung der Parkinson-Krankheit’ in Nissen, G. and Badura, F. (eds.), Schriftenreihe der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geschichte der Nervenheilkunde (Würzburg, 2001), pp. 67–79.Google Scholar
Alzheimer, A., Histologische Studien zur Differentialdiagnose der progressiven Paralyse (Jena, 1904).Google Scholar
Alzheimer, A., ‘Über eine eigenartige Erkrankung der Hirnrinde’, Allgemeine Zeitschrift für Psychiatrie, 64 (1907), 146–8.Google Scholar
Alzheimer, A., ‘Über eigenartige Krankheitsfälle des späteren Alters’, Zeitschrift für die gesamte Neurologie und Psychiatrie, 4 (1911), 356–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kraepelin, E., ‘Das Seniele Irresein’ in Psychiatrie, ein Lehrbuch für Studierende und Ärzte (8th edn, Leipzig, 1910), vol. II, pp. 594–630.Google Scholar
Weber, M. M., ‘Aloys Alzheimer, a coworker of Emil Kraepelin’ in Journal of Psychiatric Research, 31 (1997) 6, 635–43.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fischer, O., ‘Miliare Nekrosen mit drusigen Wucherungen der Neurofibrillen, eine regelmässige Veränderung der Hirnrinde bei seniler Demenz’, Monatschrift für Psychiatrie und Neurologie, 22 (1907), 361–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kraepelin, E., ‘Lebensschicksale deutscher Forscher (Alzheimer, Brodmann, Nissl)’, Münchener Medizinische Wochenschrift, 67 (1920), 75–8 (76).Google Scholar
Kraepelin, E., Lebenserinnerungen (Berlin, 1983), p. 172.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alzheimer, A., Krieg und Nerven (Breslau, 1915Google Scholar
Graeber, M. B. et al., ‘Rediscovery of the case described by Alois Alzheimer in 1911: historical, histological and molecular genetic analysis’, Neurogenetics, 1 (1997), 73–80.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Möller, H.-J. and Graeber, M. B., ‘The case described by Alois Alzheimer in 1911: historical and conceptual perspectives based on the clinical record and neurohistological sections’, European Archive of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 248 (1998), 111–22.Google ScholarPubMed
Graeber, M. B. et al., ‘Histopathology and APOE genotype of the first Alzheimer disease patient, Auguste D.’, Neurogenetics, 1 (1998), 223–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Macchi, G., Brahe, C. and Pomponi, M., ‘Alois Alzheimer and Gaetano Perusini: should man divide what fate united?’, European Journal of Neurology, 4 (1997), 210–13.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roses, A. D., ‘The Alzheimer diseases’, Current Opinion in Biology, 6 (1996), 644–50.Google ScholarPubMed

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×