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Chapter 11 - Artifacts and pitfalls in perfusion MR imaging

from Section 1 - Physiological MR techniques

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 March 2013

By
Fernando Calamante
Edited by
Jonathan H. Gillard ,
Adam D. Waldman  and
Peter B. Barker
Jonathan H. Gillard
Affiliation:
University of Cambridge
Adam D. Waldman
Affiliation:
Imperial College London
Peter B. Barker
Affiliation:
The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
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Summary

Introduction

As described in Chs. 7 and 8, MRI provides two alternative approaches to measure perfusion: using a bolus of an exogenous paramagnetic contrast agent (dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI [DSC-MRI]; see Ch. 7 for details) or by means of magnetically labeled blood as an endogenous tracer (arterial spin labeling [ASL]; see Ch. 8 for details). Both techniques have been extensively used since the early 1990s, and important improvements have made them more accurate and robust. However, some significant issues must be considered whenever implementing, using, and (especially) interpreting the images generated by either technique. This is because both methods rely on certain assumptions that cannot always be satisfied, and they can be prone to artifacts. This chapter discusses the most important caveats relating to absolute quantification of perfusion MRI, with particular emphasis on the potential implications for absolute cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurements in clinical use.

Artifacts and limitations

Dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI

Although DSC-MRI can provide, in principle, absolute measurements of CBF, cerebral blood volume (CBV), and mean transit time (MTT), there are a number of issues that can affect the accuracy of these measurements. The most common potential sources of error are described below.

Type
Chapter
Information
Clinical MR Neuroimaging
Physiological and Functional Techniques
 , pp. 137 - 155
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2009

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