While the European and U.S. American authors whose writings comprise a great deal of the literary history of the Haitian Revolution certainly dominated what scholar Nick Nesbitt has called the ‘global discursive sphere’ (2005, 29) when it came to writing about the Haitian Revolution, people of color, and especially those who would come to call themselves Haitians, hardly stood by in silence. Many free people of color in revolutionary Saint-Domingue, like André Rigaud, Toussaint Louverture, and Julien Raimond, as we have seen, contested the insulting terminology used to describe people of color as well as the monstrous characterizations of people of “mixed race” as vengeful “mulattoes” who were primarily responsible for the bloody quality of the Revolution. Post-independence Haiti, too, would see its fair share of authors who sought to contest the dominant image produced in European writing of “Africans” and all of their descendants as hopelessly inferior and degraded. Much of early Haitian literature and historiography was, in the words of Vèvè Clark, ‘designed to reflect or radically alter political realities’ by celebrating what Pierre Nora has called the ‘lieux de mémoire’ (Nora, 7) and by showcasing the ‘other side of history’ (Clark, 241). David Scott has called such a form of writing ‘vindicationism’ and defines the term as writing which describes the ‘practice of providing evidence to refute a disagreeable or incorrect claim and a practice of reclamation, and, indeed, of redemption of what has been denied’ (Scott, 83, italics in the original).