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John of Bridlington, mitred prior and model of the mixed life

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 September 2013

Catherine Sanok
Affiliation:
University of Michigan
P. H. Cullum
Affiliation:
Head of History at the University of Huddersfield
Katherine J. Lewis
Affiliation:
Senior Lecturer in History at the University of Huddersfield
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Summary

John of Bridlington, the last English person to be canonized before the Reformation, enjoyed a vigorous, if short-lived, cult. His tomb in the church of the Augustinian house where he had been prior became a site of pilgrimage soon after his death in 1379: it was the site, Thomas Walsingham records, of ‘miracles so great and so manifest that astonishment fell upon almost the whole of England’. Alexander Neville, archbishop of York, lost no time in amassing evidence of his sanctity, and the official canonization proceedings went forward with notable speed. The papal inquiry began in 1391, and John was canonized just ten years later. In 1404, he was translated to a shrine near the high altar of the priory church, lending even greater spiritual authority to one of England's largest and most venerable Augustinian houses. The saint quickly became a favorite of English kings and nobles: Henry V included Bridlington in his thanksgiving pilgrimage after Agincourt, and royal promotion of the cult was enthusiastically continued by his son and later by Edward IV. Thomas Beaufort, duke of Exeter, was on pilgrimage to the shrine in 1417 when he heard news that the Scots were besieging Roxburgh. Richard Beauchamp's extraordinary chapel at Warwick castle features St John in a window, and he also appears in the Book of Hours made for Sir William Porter, who campaigned with Henry V in France and served as an executor of his will.

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Publisher: Boydell & Brewer
Print publication year: 2013

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