Unlike the other friars discussed in this book, the Friars of the Penitence of Jesus Christ and the friars of the Blessed Mary, popularly known as the Sack Friars and the Pied Friars, did not survive long. Whereas the Carmelites and the Augustinians were able to resist the force of sanction at the Second Council of Lyons in 1274, these orders succumbed. Their historiography failed to attract much attention from early modern antiquarians and has been largely ignored by the confessionally driven works on orders still existing in the contemporary world. Since neither substantial archives nor texts survive, only a very piece-meal account of their histories can now be attempted. Each reference is a valuable, but sometimes problematic, piece in a puzzle that cannot be complete, though new sources for individual houses will undoubtedly come to light. Even so, their histories powerfully demonstrate both the wide diffusion of the ideals of mendicancy initiated with the Franciscans and Dominicans, and the newly acquired force of centralism in the Church, focused on the pope, whose constitutions, approved in a general council, put an end to successful and popular institutions. They also provide an uncommon angle on the life of the thirteenth-century Church in Latin Europe: what it meant to fail.