Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-mlc7c Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-19T13:10:14.756Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Susceptibility of iris (Iridaceae) to larval infestation by Neorthacheta dissimilis (Diptera: Scathophagidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 December 2021

Josée Doyon Open the ORCID record for Josée Doyon [Opens in a new window] ,
Jade Savage ,
Stéphane Bailleul ,
Stéphane Labelle  and
Jacques Brodeur
Josée Doyon*
Affiliation:
Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Département de sciences biologiques, Université de Montréal, 4101 rue Sherbrooke Est, Montréal, Québec, H1X 2B2, Canada
Jade Savage
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Science, Bishop’s University, 2600 rue du Collège, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1M 1Z7, Canada
Stéphane Bailleul
Affiliation:
Jardin Botanique de Montréal, Espace pour la vie, 4101 rue Sherbrooke Est, Montréal, Québec, H1X 2B2, Canada
Stéphane Labelle
Affiliation:
Biodôme de Montréal, Espace pour la vie, 4777 Pierre-De-Coubertin, Montréal, Québec, H1V 1B3, Canada
Jacques Brodeur
Affiliation:
Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Département de sciences biologiques, Université de Montréal, 4101 rue Sherbrooke Est, Montréal, Québec, H1X 2B2, Canada
*
*Corresponding author. Email: j.doyon@umontreal.ca
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Neorthacheta dissimilis Malloch (Diptera: Scathophagidae) is a poorly known scathophagid fly that feeds and develops on iris (Iridaceae). A survey of its occurrence was performed at the Montréal Botanical Garden (Montréal, Québec, Canada) in 2018, 2019, and 2020. Iris species and cultivars from two subgenera, Iris and Limniris, were evaluated for larval infestation. When pooled for subgenera and years, data from 18 Iris classes revealed high levels of infestation per flower stalk, ranging from 34% to 100%. When analysed per bud or flower, levels of infestation remained high, ranging from 19% to 100%, but generally was lower than for flower stalks as the unit of replication. The mean number of N. dissimilis larvae per infested flower or bud was higher for the subgenus Limniris (1.13) than for the subgenus Iris (1.03), with a maximum of four N. dissimilis larvae per flower being observed. These figures are worrying for horticulturalists because the insect is prevalent and causes either abortion or aesthetic damages to iris flowers.

Type
Research Paper
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 154 , Issue 1 , 2022 , e5
Check for updates
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Entomological Society of Canada

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Subject Editor: Julia Mlynarek

References

American Iris Society. 2019. Iris classifications [online]. Available from https://www.irises.org/gardeners/care-classification/classification/ [accessed 15 September 2020].Google Scholar
Bouchard, A.-M., McNeil, J.N., and Brodeur, J. 2008. Invasion of American native lily populations by an alien beetle. Biological Invasions, 10: 1365–1372.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boufford, D.E. 1993. Iris [online]. Available from http://beta.floranorthamerica.org/Iris [accessed 10 March 2021].Google Scholar
Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. 2010. Dwarf lake iris (Iris lacustris): COSEWIC assessment and status report 2010 [online]. Available from https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/species-risk-public-registry/cosewic-assessments-status-reports/dwarf-lake-iris-2010.html [accessed 4 June 2021].Google Scholar
Dreistadt, S. 2001. Integrated pest management for floriculture and nurseries. Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America. Publication 3402.Google Scholar
Granatier, A. 2013. Iris bud control methods. Canadian Iris Society Newsletter, 56: 10.Google Scholar
Gültekin, L. and Korotyaev, B.A. 2012. Ecological description of two seed-feeding weevils of the genus Mononychus Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on Iris Siberica Hoffmann and Iris spuria L. in northeastern Turkey. The Coleopterists Bulletin, 66: 155–161.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hebert, P.D., Cywinska, A., Ball, S.L., and deWaard, J.R. 2003. Biological identifications through DNA barcodes. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences, 270: 313–321.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hoebeke, E.R. 1994. Some flies associated with irises. Cornell Plantations, 49: 12–14.Google Scholar
IBM. 2020. SPSS. Version 26. SPSS Statistics, IBM, Armonk, New York, United States of America. Available from https://www.ibm.com/analytics/spss-statistics-software [accessed 21 April 2020].Google Scholar
Komarnicki, L. 1993. Irysy. PWRiL, Warszaw, Poland.Google Scholar
Malloch, J.R. 1924. New and little-known calyptrate Diptera from New England. Psyche, 31: 193–205.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mathew, B. 1989. The Iris. Batsford Ltd, London, United Kingdom.Google Scholar
Popov, G.V., Lezheinina, P., and Kholkhoyeva, S. 2007. On the biology of Acklandia servadeii (Diptera: Antomyiidae), and Iris hybrida pests, and an accompanying species Polyodaspis ruficornis (Diptera: Chloropidae), in eastern Ukraine. Kharkov Entomological Gazette, 14: 182–188.Google Scholar
Sacks, J. 2013. A ray of light in the battle of against Neorthocheta dissimilis [sic]. Canadian Iris Society Newsletter, 57: 10–13.Google Scholar
SAS Institute. 2020. JMP. Version 12. SAS Institute, Cary, North Carolina, United States of America. Available from https://www.sas.com/ [accessed 5 August 2020].Google Scholar
Vockeroth, J.R. 1987. Scathophagidae. In Manual of Nearctic Diptera. Vol. 2. Edited by McAlpine, J.F, Peterson, B.V., Shewell, G.E., Teskey, H.J., Vockeroth, J.R. and Wood, D.M.. Agriculture Canada Monograph. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Pp. 1085–1097.Google Scholar
Vockeroth, J.R. 1995. Validation of nomina nuda of Nearctic Tethinidae, Scathophagidae and Muscidae proposed in Manual of Nearctic Diptera. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 97: 732–734.Google Scholar
Wojciechowicz-Żytko, E., Rogowska, B., Dobińska, M., Witek, A., and Kulig, M. 2016. Insect pests occurring on the different Iris L. (Iridaceae) taxa. Acta Horticulturae et Regiotecturae, 19: 40–41.CrossRefGoogle Scholar