Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Dedication
- Contents
- Preface and Acknowledgements
- List of Abbreviations
- Introduction
- 1 The Early Years
- 2 Rainier and the Royal Navy
- 3 Rainier, the East India Company, and the King's Civil Servants in India
- 4 Communications and Intelligence — Its Sources and Uses
- 5 The Geography and Protection of Maritime Trade
- 6 The Defence and Expansion of Britain's Eastern Empire
- 7 Maintaining the Squadron at Sea
- Conclusion: ‘Removing the Cloud’
- Epilogue
- Appendices
- Bibliography
- Index
- Worlds of the East India Company
4 - Communications and Intelligence — Its Sources and Uses
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 September 2013
- Frontmatter
- Dedication
- Contents
- Preface and Acknowledgements
- List of Abbreviations
- Introduction
- 1 The Early Years
- 2 Rainier and the Royal Navy
- 3 Rainier, the East India Company, and the King's Civil Servants in India
- 4 Communications and Intelligence — Its Sources and Uses
- 5 The Geography and Protection of Maritime Trade
- 6 The Defence and Expansion of Britain's Eastern Empire
- 7 Maintaining the Squadron at Sea
- Conclusion: ‘Removing the Cloud’
- Epilogue
- Appendices
- Bibliography
- Index
- Worlds of the East India Company
Summary
‘A considerable time has elapsed since we [had] news from Europe.’
The methods by which Rainier communicated were important because he needed to operate effectively both within the navy and with the Company. A major reason for this communication was the transfer of intelligence. Obtaining intelligence in a thirty-million-square-mile station presented enormous challenges. It then had to be evaluated and used appropriately.
Communication
As Parkinson has said of communications between London and India:
Messages … could go by the overland route, but there was always an element of risk …. A duplicate was always sent by sea … and usually a triplicate by another ship, to provide against shipwreck.
From the late seventeenth century, with the Cape of Good Hope settled by the Dutch, the journey to India via deep sea routes was well accepted and understood. It also suited the British attitude to long-distance trade, keeping well out of the way of potential enemies. Apart from the risk of shipwreck or enemy action, the major drawback was the time taken — usually around six months from England to India — although Rainier, sailing out in 1794, surprised the maritime world by completing the journey with his convoy in four months. This contrasted with an average three months overland.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- British Naval Power in the East, 1794-1805The Command of Admiral Peter Rainier, pp. 85 - 121Publisher: Boydell & BrewerPrint publication year: 2013