Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gbm5v Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T02:24:28.007Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

11 - The Many Faces of Creativity in Old Age

from Part II - The Development of Creativity

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 November 2021

By
Eva Kahana ,
Boaz Kahana  and
Polina Ermoshkina
Edited by
Sandra W. Russ ,
Jessica D. Hoffmann  and
James C. Kaufman
Sandra W. Russ
Affiliation:
Case Western Reserve University, Ohio
Jessica D. Hoffmann
Affiliation:
Yale University, Connecticut
James C. Kaufman
Affiliation:
University of Connecticut
Get access

Summary

The focus of this chapter is on diverse forms of creative expression in old age using a life-course framework. We consider age-related changes in opportunities for and expressions of creativity. Social and environmental influences on late-life creative expression are explored. We link our understanding of late-life creativity to traditional aspects of creativity studies, including creative potential, eminent creativity, and everyday creativity. Consistent with our life-course orientation, we consider age-related changes and differences in the above forms of creativity. We review creativity-enhancing interventions in relation to everyday creativity. A major contribution of our work relates to focus on the use of proactive problem-solving strategies to address late-life challenges creatively. Novel solutions to normative stressors of aging pose exemplars of the value of late-life creativity. Creative problem solving is proposed as key to ensuring a meaningful and successful old age.

Keywords

late-life creativitylife coursecreative proactivityeveryday creativitycreative problem solvingcreativity enhancement
Type
Chapter
Information
The Cambridge Handbook of Lifespan Development of Creativity , pp. 233 - 262
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Addams-Price, C. (1998). Creativity and successful aging. New York: Springer.Google Scholar
Alpaugh, P., & Birren, J. E. (1977). Variables affecting creative contributions across the adult life-span. Human Development, 20, 240–248. doi:10.1159/000271559Google Scholar
Amabile, T. M. (2018). Creativity in context: Update to the social psychology of creativity. New York: Routledge. doi:10.4324/9780429501234CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ardelt, M. (2003). Empirical assessment of a three-dimensional wisdom scale. Research on Aging, 25(3), 275–324. doi:10.1037/t07147–000Google Scholar
Atchley, R. C. (1975). Dimensions of widowhood in later life. The Gerontologist, 15(2), 176–178. doi:10.1093/geront/15.2.176Google Scholar
Audulv, A., Packer, T., Hutchinson, S., Roger, K. S., & Kephart, G. (2016). Coping, adapting or self‐managing – what is the difference? A concept review based on the neurological literature. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 72(11), 2629–2643. doi:10.1111/jan.13037Google Scholar
Baer, J. (2014). Creativity and divergent thinking: A task-specific approach. Psychology Press. doi:10.4324/9781315806785Google Scholar
Baer, J., & Kaufman, J. C. (2008). Gender differences in creativity. The Journal of Creative Behavior, 42(2), 75–105. doi:10.1002/j.2162-6057.2008.tb01289.xGoogle Scholar
Baltes, P. B. (1997). On the incomplete architecture of human ontogeny: Selection, optimization, and compensation as foundation of developmental theory. American Psychologist, 52(4), 366–380. doi:10.1037//0003-066X.52.4.366Google Scholar
Baltes, P. B., & Staudinger, U. M. (1993). The search for a psychology of wisdom. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 2(3), 75–81. doi:10.1111/1467-8721.ep10770914Google Scholar
Beghetto, R. A., & Kaufman, J. C. (2007). Toward a broader conception of creativity: A case for “mini-c” creativity. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 1(2), 73–79.Google Scholar
Bengtson, V. L., Elder, G. H. Jr, & Putney, N. M. (2012). The life course perspective on ageing: Linked lives, timing, and history. In Katz, J., Peace, S., & Spurr, S. (Eds.), Adult lives: A life course perspective (pp. 9–17). Bristol: Bristol University Press. doi:10.2307/j.ctt1t895q0.7Google Scholar
Besemer, S. P., & Treffinger, D. J. (1981). Analysis of creative products: Review and synthesis. The Journal of Creative Behavior, 15(3), 158–178. doi:10.1002/j.2162-6057.1981.tb00287.xGoogle Scholar
Brandoburová, P., & Adamovičová, S. (2016). Creative life story work with seniors. Journal of Education Culture and Society, 7(1), 54–63.Google Scholar
Brown, H. (1994). What price theory if you can’t afford the bus fare: Normalisation and leisure services for people with learning disabilities. Health Social Care Community, 2(3), 153–9.Google Scholar
Butler, R. N. (1975). Why survive? Being old in America. New York: Harper & Row.Google Scholar
Carson, D. K., & Runco, M. A. (1999). Creative problem solving and problem finding in young adults: Interconnections with stress, hassles, and coping abilities. The Journal of Creative Behavior, 33(3), 167–188.Google Scholar
Carstensen, L. L. (1992). Social and emotional patterns in adulthood: Support for socioemotional selectivity theory. Psychology and Aging, 7(3), 331–338. doi:10.1037//0882-7974.7.3.331Google Scholar
Cayirdag, N., & Runco, M. A. (2014). Creativity in adulthood. In Gullotta, T. & Bloom, M. (Eds.), Encyclopedia of primary prevention and health promotion (2nd ed., pp. 1611–1634). New York: Springer.Google Scholar
Chapin Stephenson, R. (2013). Promoting well-being and gerotranscendence in an art therapy program for older adults. Art Therapy, 30(4), 151–158.Google Scholar
Choi, M., Adams, K. B., & Kahana, E. (2012). The impact of transportation support on driving cessation among community-dwelling older adults. Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 67(3), 392–400.Google Scholar
Clayton, V. P. (1983). Wisdom and intelligence: The nature and function of knowledge in the later years. The International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 15(4), 315–321. doi:10.2190/17TQ-BW3Y-P8J4-TG40Google Scholar
Clayton, V. P., & Birren, J. E. (1980). The development of wisdom across the life span: A reexamination of an ancient topic. Life-Span Development and Behavior, 3, 103–135.Google Scholar
Cohen, G. (2006). Research on creativity and aging: The positive impact of the arts on health and illness. Generations, 30(1), 7–15.Google Scholar
Conner, T. S., & Silvia, P. J. (2015). Creative days: A daily diary study of emotion, personality, and everyday creativity. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 9(4), 463–470. doi:10.1037/aca0000022CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cropley, A. J. (2000). Defining and measuring creativity: Are creativity tests worth using?. Roeper Review, 23(2), 72–79. doi:10.1080/02783190009554069CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cruz-Ferreira, A., Marmeleira, J., Formigo, A., Gomes, D., & Fernandes, J. (2015). Creative dance improves physical fitness and life satisfaction in older women. Research on Aging, 37(8), 837–855. doi:10.1177/0164027514568103Google Scholar
Csikszentmihalyi, M., & Sawyer, K. (2014). Shifting the focus from individual to organizational creativity. In Csikszentmihalyi, M. (Ed.), The systems model of creativity (pp. 67–71). New York: Springer. doi:10.1007/978-94-017-9085-7_6Google Scholar
Dannefer, D. (2003). Cumulative advantage/disadvantage and the life course: Cross-fertilizing age and social science theory. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 58(6), S327–S337. doi:10.1093/geronb/58.6.S327Google Scholar
Dennis, W. (1966). Creative productivity between the ages of 20 and 80 years. Journal of Gerontology, 21(1), 1–8. doi:10.1093/geronj/21.1.1Google Scholar
Doron, E. (2017). Fostering creativity in school aged children through perspective taking and visual media based short term intervention program. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 23, 150–160.Google Scholar
Duhamel, K. V. (2016). Creativity and the golden years: Biopsychosocial and cultural influences for living a successful life. Sociology and Anthropology, 4(12), 1093–1098.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Edelson, P. J. (1999). Creativity and adult education. New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education, 81, 3–13.Google Scholar
Edmondson, R. (2005). Wisdom in later life: Ethnographic approaches. Ageing & Society, 25(6), 339–356. doi:10.1017/S0144686X04003320Google Scholar
Elder, G. H., Johnson, M. K., & Crosnoe, R. (2003). The emergence and development of life course theory. In Mortimer, J. T. & Shanahan, M. J. (Eds.), Handbook of the life course (pp. 3–19). New York: Springer.Google Scholar
Erikson, E. H. (1984). Reflections on the last stage – and the first. The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 39(1), 155–165. doi:10.1080/00797308.1984.11823424Google Scholar
Ferraro, K. F. (1997). The gerontological imagination. In Ferraro, K. F. (Ed.), Gerontology: Perspectives and issues (pp. 3–18). New York: Springer.Google Scholar
Fisher, B., & Specht, D. (1999). Successful aging and creativity later in life. Journal of Aging Studies, 13 (4), 457–472. doi:10.1016/S0890–4065(99)00021-3Google Scholar
Flood, M., & Phillips, K. D. (2007). Creativity in older adults: A plethora of possibilities. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 28(4), 389–411. doi:10.1080/01612840701252956Google Scholar
Foos, P. W., & Boone, D. (2008). Adult age differences in divergent thinking: It’s just a matter of time. Educational Gerontology, 34, 587–594. doi:10.1080/03601270801949393Google Scholar
Fraser, C., & Keating, M. (2014). The effect of a creative art program on self-esteem, hope, perceived social support, and self-efficacy in individuals with multiple sclerosis: A pilot study. Journal of Neuroscience Nursing, 46(6), 330–336.Google Scholar
Freund, A. M., & Baltes, P. B. (1998). Selection, optimization, and compensation as strategies of life management: Correlations with subjective indicators of successful aging. Psychology and Aging, 13(4), 531–543. doi:10.1037//0882-7974.13.4.531Google Scholar
Friedman, R. H., Stollerman, J. E., Mahoney, D. M., & Rozenblyum, L. (1997). The virtual visit: Using telecommunications technology to take care of patients. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 4(6), 413–425.Google Scholar
Fuchs-Beauchamp, K., Karnes, M., & Johnson, L. (1993). Creativity and intelligence in preschoolers. Gifted Child Quarterly, 37(3), 113–117. doi:10.1177/001698629303700303Google Scholar
Füller, J., Mühlbacher, H., Matzler, K., & Jawecki, G. (2009). Consumer empowerment through internet-based co-creation. Journal of Management Information Systems, 26(3), 71–102.Google Scholar
Gaesser, B., Sacchetti, D. C., Addis, D. R., & Schacter, D. L. (2011). Characterizing age-related changes in remembering the past and imagining the future. Psychology and Aging, 26(1), 80–84. doi:10.1037/a0021054Google Scholar
Gilboa, S., Shirom, A., Fried, Y., & Cooper, C. (2008). A meta‐analysis of work demand stressors and job performance: Examining main and moderating effects. Personnel Psychology, 61(2), 227–271.Google Scholar
Gilson, L. L., & Madjar, N. (2011). Radical and incremental creativity: Antecedents and processes. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 5(1), 21–28. doi:10.1037/a0017863Google Scholar
Greveson, G., & James, O. (1991). Improving long-term outcome after stroke – The views of patients and carers. Health Trends, 23(4), 161–162.Google Scholar
Guilford, J. P. (1967). The nature of human intelligence. New York: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
Haight, W. L. (1999). The pragmatics of caregiver-child pretending at home: Understanding culturally specific socialization practices. In Göncü, A. (Ed.), Children’s engagement in the world: Sociocultural perspectives (pp. 128–147). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Haslam, S. A., Adarves-Yorno, I., Postmes, T., & Jans, L. (2013). The collective origins of valued originality: A social identity approach to creativity. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 17(4), 384–401.Google Scholar
Hershey, D. A., & Henkens, K. (2013). Impact of different types of retirement transitions on perceived satisfaction with life. The Gerontologist, 54(2), 232–244. doi:10.1093/geront/gnt006Google Scholar
Hickson, J., & Housley, W. (1997). Creativity in later life. Educational Gerontology: An International Quarterly, 23(6), 539–547. doi:10.1080/0360127970230604Google Scholar
Hoge, G., & Dattilo, J. (1995). Recreation participation of adults with and without mental retardation. Education Training Mental Retardation Developmental Disabilities, 30(4), 283–298.Google Scholar
Jaquish, G. A., & Ripple, R. E. (1985). A life-span developmental cross-cultural study of divergent thinking abilities. The International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 20(1), 1–11. doi:10.2190/RNJJ-NBD0–4A3K-0XPAGoogle Scholar
Jeffrey, B., & Craft, A. (2004). Teaching creatively and teaching for creativity: Distinctions and relationships. Educational Studies, 30(1), 77–87.Google Scholar
Jensen, S. M. (1997). Multiple pathways to self: A multisensory art experience. Art Therapy, 14(3), 178–186. doi:10.1080/07421656.1987.10759279Google Scholar
Johnson, C. M., & Sullivan-Marx, E. M. (2006). Art therapy: Using the creative process for healing and hope among African American older adults. Geriatric Nursing, 27(5), 309–316.Google Scholar
Jones, F., Warren, A., & McElroy, S. (2006). Home-based art therapy for older adults with mental health needs: Views of clients and caregivers. Art Therapy, 23(2), 52–58.Google Scholar
Kahana, E., & Kahana, B. (1996). Conceptual and empirical advances in understanding aging well through proactive adaptation. In Bengtson, V. L. (Ed.), Adulthood and aging: Research on continuities and discontinuities (pp. 18–40). New York: Springer.Google Scholar
Kahana, E., & Kahana, B. (2001). On being a proactive health care consumer: Making an “unresponsive” system work for you. Research in Sociology of Health Care: Changing Consumers and Changing Technology in Health Care and Health Care Delivery, 19, 21–44.Google Scholar
Kahana, E., & Kahana, B. (2003a). Contextualizing successful aging: New directions in an age-old search. In Settersten, R. (Ed.), Invitation to the life course: A new look at old age (pp. 225–255). Amityville, NY: Baywood.Google Scholar
Kahana, E., & Kahana, B. (2003b). Patient proactivity enhancing doctor–patient–family communication in cancer prevention and care among the aged. Patient Education and Counseling, 50(1), 67–73.Google Scholar
Kahana, E., Kahana, J. S., Kahana, B., & Ermoshkina, P. (2019). Meeting challenges of late life disability proactively. Innovation in Aging, 3(4), 1–9.Google Scholar
Kahana, E., Kahana, B., & Lee, J. E. (2014). Proactive approaches to successful aging: One clear path through the forest. Gerontology, 60(5), 466–474. doi:10.1159/000360222Google Scholar
Kahana, E., Kelley-Moore, J., & Kahana, B. (2012). Proactive aging: A longitudinal study of stress, resources, agency, and well-being in late life. Aging & Mental Health, 16(4), 438–451. doi:10.1080/13607863.2011.644519CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kahana, E., Liang, J., Felton, B., Fairchild, T., & Harel, Z. (1977). Perspectives of aged on victimization, “ageism,” and their problems in urban society. The Gerontologist, 17(2), 121–129.Google Scholar
Kahana, E., Lovegreen, L., Kahana, B., & Kahana, M. (2003). Person, environment, and person–environment fit as influences on residential satisfaction of elders. Environment and Behavior, 35(3), 434–453.Google Scholar
Kahana, E., Slone, M. R., Kahana, B., Langendoerfer, K. B., & Reynolds, C. (2017). Beyond ageist attitudes: Researchers call for NIH action to limit funding for older academics. The Gerontologist, 58(2), 251–260.Google Scholar
Kahana, J. S., & Kahana, E. (2017). Disability and aging: Learning from both to empower the lives of older adults. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner.Google Scholar
Kahn-Denis, K. B. (1997). Art therapy with geriatric dementia clients. Art Therapy, 14(3), 194–199. doi:10.1080/07421656.1987.10759281Google Scholar
Kaufman, J. C. (2018). Finding meaning with creativity in the past, present, and future. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 13(6), 734–749. doi:10.1177/1745691618771981Google Scholar
Kaufman, J. C., & Beghetto, R. A. (2009). Beyond big and little: The Four C model of creativity. Review of General Psychology, 13(1), 1–12. doi:10.1037/a0013688Google Scholar
Kaufman, J. C., & Sternberg, R. J. (Eds.). (2010). The Cambridge handbook of creativity. New York: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511763205Google Scholar
Kelley, J. A., Dannefer, D., & Masarweh, L. A. I. (2018). Addressing erasure, microfication and social change: Age-friendly initiatives and environmental gerontology in the 21st century. In Buffel, T. & Handler, S. (Eds.), Age-friendly cities and communities: A global perspective (pp. 51–72). Bristol: Policy Press at the University of Bristol.Google Scholar
Lehman, H. C. (1953). Age and achievement. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Levy, B. R., & Banaji, M. R. (2002). Implicit ageism. In Nelson, T. (Ed.), Ageism: Stereotypes and prejudice against older persons (pp. 49–75). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Lin, Y. S. (2011). Fostering creativity through education – A conceptual framework of creative pedagogy. Creative Education, 2(3), 149–155.Google Scholar
Mackenzie, C. S., Gekoski, W. L., & Knox, V. J. (2006). Age, gender, and the underutilization of mental health services: The influence of help-seeking attitudes. Aging and Mental Health, 10(6), 574–582.Google Scholar
Marsiske, M., & Margrett, J. A. (2006). Everyday problem solving and decision making. In Birren, J. E. & Schaie, K. W. (Eds.), Handbook of the psychology of aging (pp. 315–342). Cambridge, MA: Academic Press. doi:10.1016/B978–012101264-9/50017-3Google Scholar
Marsiske, M., & Willis, S. L. (1998). Practical creativity in older adults’ everyday problem solving: Life-span perspectives. In Addams-Price, C. E. (Ed.), Creativity and successful aging: Theoretical and empirical approaches (pp. 73–113). New York: Springer.Google Scholar
Martin, P., Kelly, N., Kahana, B., Kahana, E., Willcox, B. J., Willcox, D. C., & Poon, L. W. (2015). Defining successful aging: A tangible or elusive concept?. The Gerontologist, 55(1), 14–25. doi:10.1093/geront/gnu044Google Scholar
Mayer, K. U. (2009). New directions in life course research. Annual Review of Sociology, 35, 413–433. doi:10.1146/annurev.soc.34.040507.134619Google Scholar
McAuley, E., Elavsky, S., Motl, R. W., Konopack, J. F., Hu, L., & Marquez, D. X. (2005). Physical activity, self-efficacy, and self-esteem: Longitudinal relationships in older adults. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 60(5), 268–275.Google Scholar
McCaffrey, R. (2007). The effect of healing gardens and art therapy on older adults with mild to moderate depression. Holistic Nursing Practice, 21(2), 79–84. doi:10.1097/01.HNP.0000262022.80044.06Google Scholar
McCaffrey, R., Liehr, P., Gregersen, T., & Nishioka, R. (2011). Garden walking and art therapy for depression in older adults: A pilot study. Research in Gerontological Nursing, 4(4), 237–242.Google Scholar
McCrae, R. R. (1987). Creativity, divergent thinking, and openness to experience. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52(6), 1258–1265. doi:10.1037//0022-3514.52.6.1258Google Scholar
McCrae, R. R., Arenberg, D., & Costa, P. T. (1987). Declines in divergent thinking with age: Cross-sectional, longitudinal, and cross-sequential analyses. Psychology and Aging, 2(2), 130–137. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.2.2.130Google Scholar
Montross, L. P., Depp, C., Daly, J., Reichstadt, J., Golshan, S., Moore, D., & Jeste, D. V. (2006). Correlates of self-rated successful aging among community-dwelling older adults. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 14(1), 43–51. doi:10.1097/01.JGP.0000192489.43179.31Google Scholar
Moos, R. H., & Holahan, C. J. (2007). Adaptive tasks and methods of coping with illness and disability. In Moos, R. (Ed.), Coping with chronic illness and disability (pp. 107–126). New York: Springer. doi:10.1007/978-0-387-48670-3_6Google Scholar
Mortimer, J. T., & Moen, P. (2016). The changing social construction of age and the life course: Precarious identity and enactment of “early” and “encore” stages of adulthood. In Shanahan, M. J., Mortimer, J. T., & Johnson, M. K. (Eds.), Handbook of the life course (pp. 111–129). New York: Springer. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-20880-0_5Google Scholar
Nakamura, J., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2003). The construction of meaning through vital engagement. In Keyes, C. L. M. & Haidt, J. (Eds.), Flourishing: Positive psychology and the life well-lived (p. 83–104). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. doi:10.1037/10594-004Google Scholar
National Research Council (2003). Beyond productivity: Information technology, innovation, and creativity. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.Google Scholar
Nimrod, G., & Kleiber, D. A. (2007). Reconsidering change and continuity in later life: Toward an innovation theory of successful aging. The International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 65(1), 1–22.Google Scholar
Nuttman-Shwartz, O. (2004). Like a high wave: Adjustment to retirement. The Gerontologist, 44(2), 229–236. doi:10.1093/geront/44.2.229Google Scholar
Ouwehand, C., de Ridder, D. T., & Bensing, J. M. (2007). A review of successful aging models: Proposing proactive coping as an important additional strategy. Clinical Psychology Review, 27(8), 873–884.Google Scholar
Palmiero, M., Di Giacomo, D., & Passafiume, D. (2014). Divergent thinking and age-related changes. Creativity Research Journal, 26(4), 456–460. doi:10.1080/10400419.2014.961786Google Scholar
Perryman, K. L., & Keller, E. A. (2009). Floratherapy as a creative arts intervention with women in a retirement home. Journal of Creativity in Mental Health, 4(4), 334–342. doi:10.1080/15401380903372653Google Scholar
Poon, L. W., Rubin, D. C., & Wilson, B. A. (Eds.). (1992). Everyday cognition in adulthood and late life. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Powell, M. C. (1994). On creativity and social change. Journal of Creative Behavior, 28(1), 21–32. doi:10.1002/j.2162-6057.1994.tb00717.xGoogle Scholar
Price, K. A., & Tinker, A. M. (2014). Creativity in later life. Maturitas, 78(4), 281–286.Google Scholar
Reynolds, F. (1997). Coping with chronic illness and disability through creative needlecraft. British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 60(8), 352–356.Google Scholar
Reynolds, F. (2000). Managing depression through needlecraft creative activities: A qualitative study. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 27(2), 107–114.Google Scholar
Reynolds, F. (2002). Stitching together past and present: Narratives of biographical reconstruction during chronic illness. In Horrocks, C., Milnes, K., Roberts, B., & Robinson, D. (Eds.), Narrative, memory and life transitions (pp. 127–136). Huddersfield: University of Huddersfield Press.Google Scholar
Reynolds, F., Lim, K. H., & Prior, S. (2008). Images of resistance: A qualitative enquiry into the meanings of personal artwork for women living with cancer. Creativity Research Journal, 20(2), 211–220.Google Scholar
Reynolds, F., & Prior, S. (2003). “A lifestyle coat-hanger”: A phenomenological study of the meanings of artwork for women coping with chronic illness and disability. Disability and Rehabilitation, 25(14), 785–794.Google Scholar
Reynolds, F., Vivat, B., & Prior, S. (2011). Visual art-making as a resource for living positively with arthritis: An interpretative phenomenological analysis of older women’s accounts. Journal of Aging Studies, 25(3), 328–337.Google Scholar
Richards, R. (2007). Everyday creativity: Our hidden potential. In Richards, R. (Ed.), Everyday creativity and new views of human nature: Psychological, social, and spiritual perspectives (pp. 25–53). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. doi:10.1037/11595-001Google Scholar
Richards, R. (2010). Everyday creativity: Process and way of life – Four key issues. In Kaufman, J. C. & Sternberg, R. J. (Eds.), The Cambridge handbook of creativity (pp. 189–215). New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Rosow, I. (1974). Socialization to old age. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Rowe, J. W., & Kahn, R. L. (1997). Successful aging. The Gerontologist, 37(4), 433–440.Google Scholar
Runco, M. A. (2010). Divergent thinking, creativity, and ideation. In Kaufman, J. C. & Sternberg, R. J. (Eds.), The Cambridge handbook of creativity (pp. 413–446). New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Runco, M. A. (2014). Creativity: Theories and themes: Research, development, and practice. San Diego, CA: Elsevier.Google Scholar
Runco, M. A., & Acar, S. (2012). Divergent thinking as an indicator of creative potential. Creativity Research Journal, 24(1), 66–75.Google Scholar
Runco, M. A., & Cayirdag, N. (2013). The development of children’s creativity. In Saracho, O. N. & Spodek, B. (Eds.), Handbook of research on the education of young children (3rd ed., pp. 102–114). New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Runco, M. A., & Jaeger, G. J. (2012). The standard definition of creativity. Creativity Research Journal, 24(1), 92–96.Google Scholar
Runco, M. A., & Richards, R. (Eds.). (1997). Eminent creativity, everyday creativity, and health. Westport, CT: Greenwood.Google Scholar
Russ, S. W. (2014). Pretend play in childhood: Foundation of adult creativity. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. doi:10.1037/14282-000Google Scholar
Ruth, J., & Birren, J. E. (1985). Creativity in adulthood and old age: Relations to intelligence, sex and mode of testing. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 8 , 99–109.Google Scholar
Sawyer, R. K., John-Steiner, V., Csikszentmihalyi, M., Moran, S., Feldman, D. H., Gardner, H., & Nakamura, J. (2003). Creativity and development. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Seligman, M. E. (2006). Learned optimism: How to change your mind and your life. New York: Vintage.Google Scholar
Sierpina, M., & Cole, T. R. (2004). Stimulating creativity in all elders: A continuum of interventions. Care Management Journals, 5(3), 175–182.Google Scholar
Sillence, E., Briggs, P., Harris, P. R., & Fishwick, L. (2007). How do patients evaluate and make use of online health information? Social Science & Medicine, 64(9), 1853–1862.Google Scholar
Silverstein, M., & Bengtson, V. L. (1997). Intergenerational solidarity and the structure of adult child–parent relationships in American families. American Journal of Sociology, 103(2), 429–460.Google Scholar
Silvia, P. J., Beaty, R. E., Nusbaum, E. C., Eddington, K. M., Levin-Aspenson, H., & Kwapil, T. R. (2014). Everyday creativity in daily life: An experience-sampling study of “little c” creativity. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 8(2), 183–188. doi:10.1037/a0035722Google Scholar
Simonton, D. K. (1989). The swan-song phenomenon: Last-works effects for 172 classical composers. Psychology and Aging, 4(1), 42–47. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.4.1.42Google Scholar
Simonton, D. K. (1990). Creativity and wisdom in aging. In Birren, J. E. & Schaie, K. W. (Eds.), Handbook of the psychology of aging (3rd ed., pp. 320–329). Cambridge, MA: Academic.Google Scholar
Simonton, D. K. (1997). Creative productivity: A predictive and explanatory model of career trajectories and landmarks. Psychological Review, 104(1), 66–89. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.104.1.66Google Scholar
Simonton, D. K. (1999). Origins of genius: Darwinian perspectives on creativity. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Simonton, D. K. (2006). Presidential IQ, openness, intellectual brilliance, and leadership: Estimates and correlations for 42 US chief executives. Political Psychology, 27(4), 511–526.Google Scholar
Simonton, D. K. (2010). Creativity in highly eminent individuals. In Kaufman, J. C. & Sternberg, R. J. (Eds.), The Cambridge handbook of creativity (pp. 174–188). New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Simonton, D. K. (2013). What is a creative idea? Little-c versus Big-C creativity. In Thomas, K. & Chan, J. (Eds.), Handbook of re-search on creativity (pp. 69–83). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.Google Scholar
Simonton, D. K., & Ting, S. S. (2010). Creativity in Eastern and Western civilizations: The lessons of historiometry. Management and Organization Review, 6(3), 329–350.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (2001). What is the common thread of creativity? Its dialectical relation to intelligence and wisdom. American Psychologist, 56(4), 360–362. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.56.4.360CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stewart, E. G. (2004). Art therapy and neuroscience blend: Working with patients who have dementia. Art Therapy, 21(3), 148–155. doi:10.1080/07421656.2004.10129499Google Scholar
Tesch-Römer, C., & Wahl, H. W. (2017). Toward a more comprehensive concept of successful aging: Disability and care needs. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, 72(2), 310–318.Google Scholar
Thoits, P. A. (2006). Personal agency in the stress process. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 47(4), 309–323. doi:10.1177/002214650604700401Google Scholar
Thornton, W. L., Paterson, T. S., & Yeung, S. E. (2013). Age differences in everyday problem solving: The role of problem context. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 37(1), 13–20.Google Scholar
Tornstam, L. (2011). Maturing into gerotranscendence. Journal of Transpersonal Psychology, 43(2), 166–180.Google Scholar
Torrance, E. P. (1971). Are the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking biased against or in favor of “disadvantaged” groups? Gifted Child Quarterly, 15(2), 75–80. doi:10.1177/001698627101500201Google Scholar
Torrance, E. P. (1972). Predictive validity of the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking. The Journal of Creative Behavior, 6(4), 236–262.Google Scholar
Tsai, K. C. (2013). A review of the inquiry of creativity in older adults in journals. British Journal of Education, 1(2), 20–28.Google Scholar
Tyler, J. (2003). Art therapy with older adults clinically diagnosed as having Alzheimer’s disease and dementia. In Waller, D. (ed.), Arts therapies and progressive illness (pp. 68–83). Levittown, PA: Brunner-Routledge.Google Scholar
Van Solinge, H., & Henkens, K. (2007). Involuntary retirement: The role of restrictive circumstances, timing, and social embeddedness. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 62(5), S295–S303.Google Scholar
Verbrugge, L. M., & Jette, A. M. (1994). The disablement process. Social Science & Medicine, 38(1), 1–14.Google Scholar
Wahl, H. W., Fänge, A., Oswald, F., Gitlin, L. N., & Iwarsson, S. (2009). The home environment and disability-related outcomes in aging individuals: What is the empirical evidence? The Gerontologist, 49(3), 355–367.Google Scholar
Wahl, H. W., & Oswald, F. (2010). Environmental perspectives on ageing. In Dannefer, D. & Phillipson, C. (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of social gerontology (pp. 111–125). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.Google Scholar
Waller, D., & Sibbett, C. (2005). Art therapy and cancer care. New York: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
Zeltzer, B. N., Stanley, S., Melo, L., & LaPorte, K. M. (2003). Arts therapies promote wellness in elders. Behavioral Healthcare Tomorrow, 12(2), 7–12.Google Scholar
Zeng, L., Proctor, R. W., & Salvendy, G. (2011). Can traditional divergent thinking tests be trusted in measuring and predicting real-world creativity?. Creativity Research Journal, 23(1), 24–37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure no-reply@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×