Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dk4vv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T17:30:40.097Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter 2 - Research Methods

from Part I - General Concerns and Orientations in the Study of Social Problems

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 March 2018

A. Javier Treviño
Affiliation:
Wheaton College, Massachusetts
Get access

Summary

I begin this chapter with an overview of research methodology as an essential part of investigating and creating knowledge about social problems. I argue that research methods emerge from and support different theoretical traditions in social problems. Quantitative and qualitative methods are then introduced and compared in the context of their shared emphasis on empirical research. I then describe three major data collection methods used in the social sciences: survey interviews, in-depth interviews, and ethnography. Each method is discussed in terms of its conceptual framework and its approach to data collection and analysis.

Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2018

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adler, P. 1997. Researching dealers and smugglers. In Constructions of Deviance: Social Power, Context, and Interaction, 2nd ed., edited by Adler, P. and Adler, P., 5570. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.Google Scholar
Adler, P., and Adler, P.. 1987. Membership Roles in Field Research. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anderson, E. 1997. The police and the black male. In Constructions of Deviance: Social Power, Context, and Interaction, 2nd ed., edited by Adler, P. and Adler, P., 142–52. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.Google Scholar
Babbie, E. 2002. The Basics of Social Research. 2nd ed. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.Google Scholar
Bamberger, M. 1999. Integrating Quantitative and Qualitative Research in Development Projects. Washington, DC: World Bank.Google Scholar
Baszanger, I., and Dodier, N.. 1997. Ethnography: Relating the part to the whole. In Qualitative Research: Theory, Method and Practice, edited by Silverman, D., 823. London: Sage.Google Scholar
Becker, H. 1993. Becoming a marijuana user. In Social Deviance: Readings in Theory and Research, edited by Pontell, H., 185–96. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.Google Scholar
Berg, B. L. 2001. Qualitative Research Methods for the Social Sciences. 4th ed. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.Google Scholar
Bryman, A. 2006. Integrating quantitative and qualitative research: How is it done? Qualitative Research 6:97113.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bunis, W. K., Yanik, A., and Snow, D.. 1996. The cultural patterns of sympathy toward the homeless and other victims of misfortune. Social Problems 43(4):387402.Google Scholar
Charmaz, K. 2006. Constructing Grounded Theory: A Practical Guide through Qualitative Analysis. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Coffey, A., and Atkinson, P.. 1996. Making Sense of Qualitative Data: Complementary Research Strategies. London: Sage.Google Scholar
Denzin, N. 1970. The research Act in Sociology. London: Butterworth.Google Scholar
Denzin, N. 2008. Qualitative Inquiry and the Politics of Evidence. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press.Google Scholar
Dordick, G. A. 1998. Something Left to Lose: Personal Relations and Survival among New York's Homeless. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.Google Scholar
Emerson, R. 1988. Contemporary Field Research: A Collection of Readings. Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland Press.Google Scholar
Fontana, A., and Frey, J. 2000. The interview: From structured questions to negotiated text. In Handbook of Qualitative Research, 2nd ed., edited by Denzin, N. and Lincoln, Y., 645–72. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Freedman, A., and Medway, P., eds. 1994. Genre and the New Rhetoric. London: Taylor & Francis.Google Scholar
Geertz, C. (1988). Thick description: Toward an interpretive theory of culture. In Contemporary Field Research: A Collection of Readings, edited by Emerson, R., 3759. Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland Press.Google Scholar
Gill, R. 2000. Discourse analysis. In Qualitative Researching with Text, Image and Sound, edited by Atkinson, P., Bauer, M., and Gaskell, G., 172–90. London: Sage.Google Scholar
Glaser, B., and Strauss, A.. 1967. The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research. New York: Aldine.Google Scholar
Grills, S. 1998a. An invitation to the field: Fieldwork and the pragmatists’ lesson. In Doing Ethnographic Research: Fieldwork Settings, edited by Grills, S., 320. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Grills, S. 1998b. On being partisan in non-partisan settings: Field research among the politically committed. In Doing Ethnographic Research: Fieldwork Settings, edited by Grills, S., 7693. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Gubrium, J. 1993. Speaking of Life: Horizons of Meaning for Nursing Home Residents. New York: Aldine De Gruyter.Google Scholar
Gubrium, J., and Holstein, J.. 2002. From the individual interview to interview society. In Handbook of Interview Research: Context and Method, edited by Gubrium, J. and Holstein, J., 332. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Gubrium, J., and Holstein, J.. 2009. Analyzing Narrative Reality. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Hammersley, M., and Atkinson, P.. 1990. Ethnography: Principles in Practice. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Heyl, B. 2001. Ethnographic interviewing. In Handbook of Ethnography, edited by Atkinson, P., Coffey, A., Delamont, S., Lofland, J., and Lofland, L., 369–84. London: Sage.Google Scholar
Holstein, J., and Gubrium, J. 1995. The Active Interview. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huberman, M., and Miles, M.. 1994. Data management and analysis methods. In Handbook of Qualitative Research, edited by Denzin, N. and Lincoln, Y., 428–44. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
James, N., and Busher, H.. 2012. Internet interviewing. In The Sage Handbook of Interview Research: The Complexity of the Craft, edited by Gubrium, J., Holstein, J., Marvasti, A., and McKinney, K. D., 177–91. Los Angles, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Jewitt, C., ed. 2009. The Routledge Handbook of Multimodal Analysis. Oxon, UK: Routledge.Google Scholar
Johnson, J. M. 2002. In-depth interviewing. In Handbook of Interview Research: Context and Method, edited by Gubrium, J. and Holstein, J., 103–19. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Kearney, M. S., and Levine, P. B.. 2014. Media Influences on Social Outcomes: The Impact of MTV's 16 and Pregnant on Teen Childbearing. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research.Google Scholar
Kirk, J., and Miller, M. L.. 1986. Reliability and Validity in Qualitative Research. Vol. 1. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Lassiter, L. E. 2005. The Chicago Guide to Collaborative Ethnography. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Marvasti, A. 2002. Constructing the service-worthy homeless through narrative editing. Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, 31(5):615–51.Google Scholar
Marvasti, A. 2003. Being Homeless: Textual and Narrative Constructions. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books.Google Scholar
Marvasti, A. 2004. Qualitative Research in Sociology. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Marvasti, A., and McKinney, K.. 2004. Middle Eastern Lives in America. New York: Rowman & Littlefield.Google Scholar
National Opinion Research Center. 2007. General Social Survey Codebook. Chicago: National Opinion Research Center.Google Scholar
Schaeffer, N. C., and Maynard, D. W.. 2002. Standardization and interaction in survey interviewing. In Handbook of Interview Research: Context and Method, edited by Gubrium, J. and Holstein, J., 577601. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Shaffir, W. 1998. Doing ethnographic research in Jewish Orthodox communities: The neglected role of stability. In Doing Ethnographic Research: Fieldwork Settings, edited by Grills, S., 4864. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Singleton, R. A., and Straits, B.. 2002. Survey interviewing. In Handbook of Interview Research: Context and Method, edited by Gubrium, J. and Holstein, J., 5982. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Smith, D. E. 2006. Institutional Ethnography as Practice. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.Google Scholar
Spencer, J. W. 1994. Homeless in River City: Client work in human service encounters. In Perspectives on Social Problems, vol. 6, edited by Holstein, J. and Miller, G., 2946. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.Google Scholar
Sue, V. M., and Ritter, L. A.. 2012. Conducting Online Surveys. 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Tedlock, B. 2000. Ethnography and ethnographic representation. In Handbook of Qualitative Research, 2nd ed., edited by Denzin, N. and Lincoln, Y., 455–86. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Weitzer, R., and Tuch, S. A.. 2004. Race and perceptions of police misconduct. Social Problems 51(3):305–25.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure no-reply@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×