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8 - Targets in the Tegument of Flatworms

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 August 2009

Tag E. Mansour
With
Joan MacKinnon Mansour
Tag E. Mansour
Affiliation:
Stanford University, California
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Summary

Trematodes and cestodes have their external surface covered with an unusual structure termed the tegument. In addition to protecting the parasite from adverse conditions in the host, it has many other functions. These include evasion of the host immune system, the absorption of certain nutrients and the excretion of some metabolic products, control of motility, and control of electrochemical and osmotic gradients. Studies on the structure and biochemistry of the tegument have lately been emphasized when it was discovered that the tegument is the main target for some important antischistosomal agents such as praziquantel and metrifonate.

Most of our information on the tegument in trematodes came from studies on the liver fluke Fasciola hepatica (Threadgold, 1963) and the blood fluke Schistosoma mansoni (Hockley, 1973; Hockley & McLaren, 1973; McLaren & Hockley, 1977). A recent comprehensive review on the teguments of cestodes and trematodes as well as the cuticle in nematodes is also recommended (Thompson & Geary, 1995). This chapter focuses on trematodes and cestodes.

Structure and Function of Schistosome Tegument

Figure 8.1 is a schematic diagram of the typical components of the dorsal tegument of an adult male S. mansoni determined from electron microscopic transmission (Hockley, 1973). The tegument consists of cytoplasmic syncytium 2–4 μm thick, which is a mass of dense granular material that contains no separate cells. The syncytial zone of the tegument is separated from the muscle layer and subtegumental cells by a membranous basal lamina, a regular trilaminate lipid bilayer.

Type
Chapter
Information
Chemotherapeutic Targets in Parasites
Contemporary Strategies
 , pp. 189 - 214
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2002

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