Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-84b7d79bbc-g5fl4 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-28T05:45:17.270Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter 6 - Artifacts and pitfalls in diffusion MR imaging

from Section 1 - Physiological MR techniques

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 March 2013

By
Martin A. Koch  and
David G. Norris
Edited by
Jonathan H. Gillard ,
Adam D. Waldman  and
Peter B. Barker
Jonathan H. Gillard
Affiliation:
University of Cambridge
Adam D. Waldman
Affiliation:
Imperial College London
Peter B. Barker
Affiliation:
The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Get access

Summary

Introduction

Although some diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) techniques have entered the stage of clinical routine application, particularly in the detection of cerebral infarction, obtaining and interpreting diffusion imaging results is not always straightforward. This reflects both the numerous technical difficulties and also the sensitivity of diffusion imaging experiments to phenomena other than diffusion.[1,2] Further complications arise from the sheer number of diffusion parameters that can be derived from the measurement in biological tissue, such as eigenvectors, eigenvalues, anisotropy, and trace of the diffusion tensor, diffusion coefficients for a given direction, and so on. This chapter aims at providing an overview of the most important difficulties encountered in MR diffusion imaging.

The parameters derived from DWI can be affected by a number of sources of error. These error sources may be divided into two groups, according to whether they arise from properties of the measurement apparatus or from properties of the measured object itself.

Type
Chapter
Information
Clinical MR Neuroimaging
Physiological and Functional Techniques
 , pp. 79 - 85
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2009

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Norris, DG. The effects of microscopic tissue parameters on the diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging experiment. NMR Biomed 2001; 14: 77–93.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Norris, DGImplications of bulk motion for diffusion-weighted imaging experiments: effects, mechanisms, and solutions. J Magn Reson Imaging 2001; 13: 486–495.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Basser, PJ.Inferring microstructural features and the physiological state of tissues from diffusion-weighted images. NMR Biomed 1995; 8 333–344.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mori, S, van Zijl, PCM. Diffusion weighting by the trace of the diffusion tensor within a single scan. Magn Reson Med 1995; 33: 41–52.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wong, EC, Cox, RW, Song, AW. Optimized isotropic diffusion weighting. Magn Reson Med 1995; 34: 139–143.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wiegell, MR, Larsson, HBW, Wedeen, VJ.Fiber crossing in human brain depicted with diffusion tensor MR imaging. Radiology 2000; 217: 897–903.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Alexander, AL, Hasan, KM, Lazar, M, Tsuruda, JS, Parker, DL. Analysis of partial volume effects in diffusion-tensor MRI. Magn Reson Med 2001; 45: 770–780.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shimony, JS, McKinstry, RC, Akbudak, E, et al. Quantitative diffusion-tensor anisotropy brain imaging: normative human data and anatomic analysis. Radiology 1999; 212: 770–784.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pierpaoli, C, Barnett, A, Pajevic, S, et al. Water diffusion changes in wallerian degeneration and their dependence on white matter architecture. Neuroimage 2001; 13: 1174–1185.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tuch, DS, Weisskoff, RM, Belliveau, JW, Wedeen, VJ. High angular resolution diffusion imaging of the human brain. In Proceedings of the 7th Annual Meeting of the International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Philadelphia, 1999, p. 321.Google Scholar
Tuch, DS, Reese, TG, Wiegell, MR, et al. High angular resolution diffusion imaging reveals intravoxel white matter fiber heterogeneity. Magn Reson Med 2002; 48: 577–582.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Le Bihan, D, Breton, E, Lallemand, D, et al. MR imaging of intravoxel incoherent motions: application to diffusion and perfusion in neurologic disordersRadiology 1986; 161: 401–407.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Conturo, TE, McKinstry, RC, Aronovitz, JA, Neil, JJ.Diffusion MRI: precision, accuracy and flow effects. NMR Biomed 1995; 8: 307–332.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Le Bihan, D, Breton, E, Lallemand, D, et al. Separation of diffusion and perfusion in intravoxel incoherent motion MR imaging. Radiology 1988; 168: 497–505.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stejskal, EO, Tanner, JE. Spin diffusion measurements: spin echoes in the presence of a time-dependent field gradient. J Chem Phys 1965; 42: 288–292.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anderson, AW, Gore, JC. Analysis and correction of motion artifacts in diffusion weighted imaging. Magn Reson Med 1994; 32: 379–387.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ordidge, RJ, Helpern, JA, Qing, ZX, Knight, RA, Nagesh, V. Correction of motional artifacts in diffusion-weighted MR images using navigator echoes. Magn Reson Imaging 1994; 12: 455–460.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Butts, K, de Crespigny, A, Pauly, JM, Moseley, M. Diffusion-weighted interleaved echo-planar imaging with a pair of orthogonal navigator echoes. Magn Reson Med 1996; 35: 763–770.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mansfield, PMulti-planar image formation using NMR spin echoes. J Phys C 1977; 10: L55–L58.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cho, ZH, Ahn, CB, Kim, JH, Lee, YE, Mun, CW. Phase error corrected interlaced echo planar imaging. In Proceedings of the 6th Annual Meeting of the International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, New York, 1987, p. 912.Google Scholar
McKinnon, GC. Ultrafast interleaved gradient-echo-planar imaging on a standard scanner. Magn Reson Med 1993; 30: 609–616.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Anderson, AW, Gore, JC. Using spiral navigator echoes to correct for motion in diffusion weighted imaging. In Proceedings of the 3rd/12th Annual Meeting of SMR/ESMRMB, Nice, France, 1995, p. 743.Google Scholar
Butts, K, Pauly, J, de Crespigny, A, Moseley, M. Isotropic diffusion-weighted and spiral-navigated interleaved EPI for routine imaging of acute stroke. Magn Reson Med 1997; 38: 741–749.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Atkinson, D, Porter, DA, Hill, DLG, Calamante, F, Connelly, A.Sampling and reconstruction effects due to motion in diffusion-weighted interleaved echo planar imaging. Magn Reson Med 2000; 44: 101–109.3.0.CO;2-S>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kärger, J, Pfeifer, H, Heink, W. Principles and application of self-diffusion measurements by nuclear magnetic resonance. Adv Magn Reson 1988; 12: 1–89.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Neeman, M, Freyer, JP, Sillerud, LO. Pulsed-gradient spin-echo diffusion studies in NMR imaging. Effects of the imaging gradients on the determination of diffusion coefficients. J Magn Reson 1990; 90: 303–312.Google Scholar
Neeman, M, Freyer, JP, Sillerud, LO. A simple method for obtaining cross-term-free images for diffusion anisotropy studies in NMR microimaging. Magn Reson Med 1991; 21: 138–143.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mattiello, J, Basser, PJ, Le Bihan, D. Analytical expressions for the b matrix in NMR diffusion imaging and spectroscopy. J Magn Reson A 1994; 108: 131–141.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mattiello, J, Basser, PJ, Le Bihan, D. The b matrix in diffusion tensor echo-planar imaging. Magn Reson Med 1997; 37: 292–300.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koch, M, Norris, DG. An assessment of eddy current sensitivity and correction in single-shot diffusion-weighted imaging. Phys Med Biol 2000; 45: 3821–3832.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Haselgrove, JC, Moore, JR. Correction for distortion of echo-planar images used to calculate the apparent diffusion coefficient. Magn Reson Med 1996; 36: 960–964.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jezzard, P, Barnett, AS, Pierpaoli, C. Characterization of and correction for eddy current artifacts in echo planar diffusion imaging. Magn Reson Med 1998; 39: 801–812.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bastin, ME. Correction of eddy current-induced artefacts in diffusion tensor imaging using iterative cross-correlation. Magn Reson Imaging 1999; 17: 1011–1024.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Horsfield, MA. Mapping eddy current induced fields for the correction of diffusion-weighted echo planar images. Magn Reson Imaging 1999; 17: 1335–1345.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bodammer, N, Kaufmann, J, Kanowski, M, Tempelmann C. Eddy current correction in diffusion-weighted imaging using pairs of images acquired with opposite diffusion gradient polarity. Magn Reson Med 2004; 51: 188–193.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gibbs, SJ, Johnson, CS. A PFG NMR experiment for accurate diffusion and flow studies in the presence of eddy currents. J Magn Reson 1991; 93: 395–402.Google Scholar
Wider, G, Dötsch, V, Wüthrich, K. Self-compensating pulsed magnetic-field gradients for short recovery times. J Magn Reson A 1994; 108: 255–258.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smart, SC, Porter, DA, Calamante, F, Hall-Craggs, MA, Connelly, AEddy current compensation in diffusion-weighted, stimulated echo EPI. In Proceedings of the 7th Annual Meeting of the International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Philadelphia, 1999, p. 1832.Google Scholar
Heid, O. Eddy current-nulled diffusion weighting. In Proceedings of the 8th Annual Meeting of the International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Denver, 2000, p. 799.Google Scholar
Wald, L, Schmitt, F, Dale, A.systematic spatial distortion in MRI due to gradient non-linearities. Neuroimage 2001; 13: S50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Norris, DG, Hutchison, JMS. Concomitant magnetic field gradients and their effects on imaging at low magnetic field strengths. Magn Reson Imaging 1990; 8: 33–37.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bakker, CJG, Moerland, MA, Bhagwandien, R, Beersma, R. Analysis of machine-dependent and object-induced geometric distortion in 2DFT MR imaging. Magn Reson Imaging 1992; 10: 597–608.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pierpaoli, C, Basser, PJ. Toward a quantitative assessment of diffusion anisotropy. Magn Reson Med, 1996; 36: 893–906. [Erratum in Magn Reson Med 1997; 37: 972.]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barker, GJ, Parker, GJM, Wheeler-Kingshott CA. Gibbs ringing and negative ADC values. In Proceedings of the 9th Annual Meeting of the International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Glasgow, 2001, p. 1546.Google Scholar
Alexander, DC, Gee, JC. Elastic matching of diffusion tensor images. Comput Vis Image Underst 2000; 77: 233–250.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hong, X, Arlinghaus, LR, Anderson, AW. Spatial normalization of the fiber orientation distribution based on high angular resolution diffusion imaging data. In Proceedings of the 16th Annual Meeting of the International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Toronto, 2008, p. 42.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×