Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gvvz8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-31T04:45:45.108Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

13 - Red River Hog Potamochoerus porcus (Linnaeus, 1758)

from Part II - Species Accounts

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 November 2017

By
Mario Melletti ,
Thomas Breuer ,
Brent A. Huffman ,
Andrea K. Turkalo ,
Marzia Mirabile  and
Fiona Maisels
Edited by
Mario Melletti  and
Erik Meijaard
Mario Melletti
Affiliation:
AfBIG (African Buffalo Initiative Group), IUCN SSC ASG
Erik Meijaard
Affiliation:
Australian National University, Canberra
Get access

Summary

A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Chapter
Information
Ecology, Conservation and Management of Wild Pigs and Peccaries , pp. 134 - 149
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2017

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Aba'a, R. (2006). Abondance relative des grands mammiferes et des activités humaines au parc National des Monts de Cristal et sa peripherie. Libreville, Gabon: Wildlife Conservation Society, p. 40.Google Scholar
Aba'a, R. & Bezangoye, A. (2007). Wildlife and human impact monitoring, Birougou National Park, Gabon. Final report. Libreville, Gabon: Wildlife Conservation Society.Google Scholar
Aba'a, R., Maisels, F., Starkey, M. & Memiaghe, H. R. (2011). Inventaire des grands mammifères et l'impact humaine dans le Mayombe. Activité 3.1b part 1: Rapport Final. Libreville, Gabon: Wildlife Conservation Society, p. 27.Google Scholar
Abernethy, K. A. & White, L. J. T. (1999). Like living vacuum cleaners, red river hogs give the forest floor a clean sweep. Wildlife Conservation 102: 50–55.Google Scholar
Abernethy, K. A., Coad, L., Taylor, G., Lee, M. E. & Maisels, F. (2013). Extent and ecological consequences of hunting in Central African rainforests in the twenty-first century. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 368: 20120303.Google ScholarPubMed
Abitsi, G. (2006). Inventaires de reconnaissance des grands mammiferes et de l'impact des activités anthropiques. Parc National de Waka, Gabon. Décembre 2005–Juillet 2006. Libreville, Gabon: Wildlife Conservation Society, p. 38.Google Scholar
Aebischer, T., Hickisch, R., Mararv, E. & Simpson, D. (2013). The Chinko Project: Sustainable Nature Management in the Chinko/Mbari Drainage Basin, Central African Republic. Online at http://chinkoproject.comGoogle Scholar
Allam, A., N'Goran, K. P., Mahoungou, S. & Ikoa, B. (2016a). Rapport d'inventaire des grands et moyens mammiferes dans la forêt de Djoua-Ivindo. Sembe, République du Congo: WWF GCPO–MEFDD, p. 57.Google Scholar
Allam, A., Beukou, G. B. & N'Goran, K. P. (2016b). Rapport d'inventaire des grands et moyens mammifères dans la forêt de Messok-Dja. Sembe, République du Congo: WWF GCPO–MEFDD, p. 58.Google Scholar
Anderson, E. C., Hutchings, G. H., Mukarati, N. & Wilkinson, P. J. (1998). African swine fever virus infection of the bushpig (Potamochoerus porcus) and its significance in the epidemiology of the disease. Veterinary Microbiology 62: 1–15.Google Scholar
Angelici, F. M., Luiselli, L., Politano, E. & Akani, G. C. (1999). Bushmen and mammal-fauna: a survey of the mammals traded in bush-meat markets of local people in the rainforests of southeastern Nigeria. Anthropologica 30: 51–58.Google Scholar
ANPN, WCS, WWF (2013). Wildlife and poaching assessment in northeast Gabon. Final report. Libreville, Gabon: ANPN, WCS, WWF, USFWS, p. 23.Google Scholar
Beaune, D., Bollache, L., Fruth, B. & Bretagnolle, F. (2012). Bush pig (Potamochoerus porcus) seed predation of bush mango (Irvingia gabonensis) and other plant species in Democratic Republic of Congo. African Journal of Ecology 50: 509–512.Google Scholar
Beudels-Jamar, R., Bankanza, M., Fumutoto, R., et al. (2014). Inventaires faunistiques et botaniques dans la Réserve Naturelle du Triangle de la Ngiri. (du 29/09 au 10/11/2013). Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique/WWF/ICCN, p. 46.Google Scholar
Beudels-Jamar, R., Lafontaine, R.-M., Robert, H., et al. (2015). Inventaires faunistiques dans la Réserve Naturelle de Tumba-Lediima et dans la zone de Mbanzi/Nsélé (17/03 au 25/04/2014 et 19/08 au 20/09/2014). Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique/WWF/ICCN, p. 69.Google Scholar
Bezangoye, A. & Maisels, F. (2010). Great ape and human impact monitoring in the Lopé-Waka Exceptional Priority Area, Gabon. Part 1 : Lope National park. GACF Agreement: 98210-8-G529. Final performance report to USFWS. Libreville, Gabon: Wildlife Conservation Society, p. 62.Google Scholar
Blake, S. (2005). Long term system for monitoring the illegal killing of elephants (MIKE): Central African Forests – final report on population surveys (2003–2004). Washington, DC: CITES-MIKE, p. 122.Google Scholar
Blake, S. & Fay, J. M. (1997). Seed production by Gilbertiodendron dewevrei in the Nouabale-Ndoki National Park, Congo, and its implications for large mammals. Journal of Tropical Ecology 13: 886–891.Google Scholar
Bout, N. (2006). Suivi écologique des grands mammifères et de la pression humaine. Parc National des Plateaux Batéké. Rapport finale. Libreville, Gabon: Wildlife Conservation Society Gabon /JAF, p. 108.Google Scholar
Breuer, T., Breuer-Ndoundou Hockemba, M. & Mavinga, F. (2010). Dung decay and its implication for population estimates of duikers (Cephalophus and Philantoba spp.) and red river hogs (Potamochoerus porcus) in the Nouabalé-Ndoki National Park, Republic of Congo. African Jounal of Ecology 48: 551–554.Google Scholar
Burvenich, P. (2014). Red River Hog (Potamochoerus porcus) AZA Regional Studbook., Silver Spring, MD: Association of Zoos and Aquariums.Google Scholar
Castley, J., Bruton, J. S., Kerley, G. & Mclachlan, A. (2001). The importance of seed dispersal in the Alexandria Coastal Dunefield, South Africa. Journal of Coastal Conservation 7: 57–70.Google Scholar
Dasgupta, S. (2015). ‘Forgotten forests' of South Sudan: Camera traps capture first-ever pictures of forest elephants, giant pangolins in the country. Available at: http://news.mongabay.com/2015/12/forgotten-forests-of-south-sudan-camera-traps-capture-first-ever-pictures-of-forest-elephants-giant-pangolins-in-the-country/. Red river hogs: www.bucknell.edu/x107202.xml.Google Scholar
Devos, C., Ikembelo Beka, B. & Tshimanga, G. (2011). Inventaires de faune dans le sud du paysage Tumba, RDC : Bloc forestier de Bopaka (novembre 2011). Unpublished report. Projet PICBOU, Composante du Programme Lac Tumba, WWF, Kinshasa, DRC.Google Scholar
Ekinde, A. E. & Khumbah, P. (2006). Cross River gorilla surveys in south-east UFA 11-002 and search for genetic samples in the Besali–Bechati–Fossimondi forests. Limbe, Cameroon: Wildlife Conservation Society, and ERuDeF, p. 27.Google Scholar
Ekinde, A. E., Ashu, M. & Sunderland-Groves, J. (2005). Preliminary ape surveys around the Fungom Forest Reserve and Furu-Awa subdivision, North-West Province, Cameroon. Limbe, Cameroon: Wildlife Conservation Society, p. 45.Google Scholar
Ekobo, A. (2006). Evaluation des potentialites fauniques du Sanctuaire des gorilles a Mengame. Yaounde, Cameroon: WWF, p. 51.Google Scholar
Ekobo, A. (2007). Surveys of large mammals in the Mount Cameroon forest. Yaounde, Cameroon: WWF Cameroon Coastal Forests Programme, p. 41.Google Scholar
Ekobo, A. (2009). Etude Sur les Potentialités Fauniques des UFAs 11-003 et 11-004 Province du Sud-ouest, Cameroun. Yaounde, Cameroon: WWF, p. 26.Google Scholar
Fa, J. E. & Purvis, A. (1997). Body size, diet and population density in afrotropical forest mammals: a comparison with neotropical species. Journal of Animal Ecology 66: 98–112.Google Scholar
Foerster, S., Wilkie, D.S., Morelli, G.A., et al. (2012). Correlates of bushmeat hunting among remote rural households in Gabon, Central Africa. Conservation Biology 26: 335–344.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Foguekem, D. & Nzooh Dongmo, Z. L. (2012). Abundance, distribution of large mammals, and human activities in the Ngoyla-Mintom forest block, Cameroon: implication for land-use planning, management and biodiversity conservation. Yaounde, Cameroon: WWF Cameroon Country Programme Office, p. 66.Google Scholar
Fotso, R., Eno Nku, M. & Groves, J. (2002). Distribution and conservation status of gorilla population in the forests around Belabo, Eastern Province, Cameroon. Report to Cameroon Oil Transportation Company (COTCO), p. 59.Google Scholar
Gessner, J. (2008). Survey of mammals at Ikwa bai - Nki National Park, south-east Cameroon in terms of conservation and ethology with a focus on the African forest buffalo (Syncerus caffer nanus). Oldenburg: Carl von Ossietsky University, p. 123.Google Scholar
Ghiglieri, M. P., Butynski, T. M., Struhsaker, T. T., et al. (1982). Bush pig (Potamochoerus porcus) polychromatism and ecology in Kibale Forest, Uganda. African Journal of Ecology 20: 231–236.Google Scholar
Greengrass, E. J. & Maisels, F. (2007). Conservation of the Nigerian–Cameroon chimpanzee P. t. vellerosus (and other mammals) in and around the Banyang-Mbo Wildlife Sanctuary, South-west Province, Cameroon. Limbe, Cameroon: Wildlife Conservation Society, p. 74.Google Scholar
Grubb, P. (1993). The Afrotropical suids Phacochoeros, Hylochoeros, and Potamochoerus. In Oliver, W. L. R. (ed.), Pigs, peccaries, and hippos: status survey and conservation action plan. Gland: IUCN (World Conservation Union), pp. 66–75.Google Scholar
Grubb, P., Jones, T. S., Davies, A. G., et al. (1998). Mammals of Ghana, Sierra Leone and The Gambia. Zennor, St Ives: Trendrine Press.Google Scholar
Hart, J. A. (2001). Diversity and abundance in an African forest ungulate community and implications for conservation. In Weber, B., White, L., Vedder, A. & Naughton-Trees, L. (eds.), African rainforest ecology and conservation. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Hart, T. B., Hart, J A., Dechamps, R., Ataholo, M. & Fournier, M. (2009). A New Conservation Landscape for Bonobo: Discovery and Conservation of the Tshuapa–Lomami–Lualaba Landscape, in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Final Report on USFWS Assistance Award Agreement # 98210-7-G285 Lukuru Wildlife Research Foundation/Tshuapa-Lomami-Lualaba Project, Kinshasa, DRC.Google Scholar
Henschel, P., Abernethy, K. A. & White, L. J. T. (2005). Leopard food habits in the Lopé National Park, Gabon, Central Africa. African Journal of Ecology 43: 21–28.Google Scholar
Hicks, T. C. (2014). Faunal Diversity and Human Impact in Two Protected Areas of Northern DR Congo: Bili-Uéré and Rubi-Tele January 2014. Unpublished report. Lukuru Wildlife Research Foundation, Kinshasa, DRC.Google Scholar
Ikfuingei, R. & Kuchambi, E. (2013). The Takamanda National Park – large mammal survey, May–July 2013. Limbe, Cameroon: Wildlife Conservation Society, p. 34.Google Scholar
Inkamba-Nkulu, C., Telfer, P. & Maisels, F. (2012). Conservation of forest elephants in the Ogooué-Leketi National Park, Republic of Congo (Batéké Plateaux, Congo) Phase III. Interim report. Grant #. 96200-0-G2S7 African Elephant Fund. Reporting period: 25 August 2010–30 September 2012. Brazzaville, Congo: Wildlife Conservation Society, p. 26.Google Scholar
IUCN/MINFOF. (2015). Caractérisation d'une population de grands et moyens mammifères dans la Reserve de Faune du Dja: Potentiel et menaces. p. 31, Yaoundé, Cameroun.Google Scholar
Iyenguet, F. C., Malanda, G. F., Madzoke, B. & Twagirashyaka, F. (2008). Recensement et Distribution des Grands Mammifères et Activités Humaines dans la Zone Impfondo. Brazzaville, Congo: Wildlife Conservation Society, p. 55.Google Scholar
Iyenguet, F. C., Madzoke, B., Twagirashyaka, F., et al. (2012). Inventaire des Grands Mammifères et Activités Humaines dans la Batanga, Périphérie est de la Réserve Communautaire du Lac Télé, République du Congo. Brazzaville, Congo: Wildlife Conservation Society, p. 53.Google Scholar
Kerley, G. I. H., Mclachlan, A. & Castley, J. G. (1996). Diversity and dynamics of bushpockets in the Alexandria coastal Dunefield, South Africa. Landscape and Urban Planning 34: 255–266.Google Scholar
Kingdon, J. S. & Hoffmann, M. (eds.). (2013). The mammals of Africa. Amsterdam: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Kujirakwinja, D., Plumptre, A. J., Moyer, D. & Mushenzi, N. (2006). Recensement aérien des grands mammifères du Parc National des Virunga. Kinshasa, DRC: ICCN, WCS, USFWS.Google Scholar
Kujirakwinja, D., Kirkby, A., Spira, C., et al. (2015). Inventaire de la Biodiversité dans le Parc National de Kahuzi Biega, République Démocratique du Congo. Secteur de Nzovu-Ouest (basse altitude). In Spira, C., Mitamba, G. M., Kirkby, A., et al. (eds.), Inventaire de la Biodiversité dans le Parc National de Kahuzi Biega, République Démocratique du Congo. Secteurs de Nzovu-Est (basse altitude) et de Tshivanga (haute altitude). Kinshasa, DRC: ICCN/Wildlife Conservation Society, p. 58.Google Scholar
Lahm, S. A. (1994). Diversity, abundance and distribution of game in relation to human predation in northeastern Gabon. New York, NY: Wildlife Conservation Society.Google Scholar
Lameed, G. A., Omifolaji, J. K., Abere, A. S. & Ilori, S. O. (2015). Hunting intensity on wildlife population in Oban Sector of Cross River National Park. Natural Resources 6: 325–330.Google Scholar
Latour, S. (2005). Inventaire de faune autour des lacs du delta de l'Ogooué. Libreville, Gabon: Wildlife Conservation Society, p. 30.Google Scholar
Latour, S. (2006). Recensement des elephants et de grands singes dans le region du parc national de Pongara (Gabon). Libreville, Gabon: WCS/Especes Phares, p. 54.Google Scholar
Laurance, W. F., Croes, B. M., Tchignoumba, L., et al. (2006). Impacts of roads and hunting on Central African rainforest mammals. Conservation Biology 20: 1251–1261.Google Scholar
Laws, R. M., Parker, I. S. C. & Johnstone, R. C. B. (1975). Elephants and their habitats: the ecology of elephants in north Bunyoro. Uganda: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Leduc Yeno, S. (2006). Suivi des grands mammifères dans le secteur Sud Parc National de Loango, 12 avril au 08 Septembre 2006. Gamba, Gabon: WWF, p. 39.Google Scholar
Le-Duc Yeno, S. & N'Goran, K. P. (2016). Rapport de l'inventaire des grands et moyens mammifères dans la forêt de Djoua-Zadié. Libreville, Gabon: WWF GCPO, p. 44.Google Scholar
Leus, K. & Vercammen, P. (2013). Potamochoerus porcus. In Kingdon, J. S. & Hoffmann, M. (eds.), The mammals of Africa. Amsterdam: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Liengola, I., Vosper, A., Maisels, F., Bonyenge, A. & Nkumu, P. (2009). Conserving bonobos in the last unexplored forest of the Democratic Republic of Congo the Tshuapa–Lomami–Lualaba Landscape. Kinshasa, DRC: Wildlife Conservation Society.Google Scholar
Liengola, I., Maisels, F., Nkumu, P. & Bonyenge, A. (2010). Conserving bonobos in the Lokofa Block of the Salonga National Park, Democratic Republic of Congo. Report to the Beneficia Foundation. Kinshasa, DRC: Wildlife Conservation Society.Google Scholar
Likondo Lokonga, C. (2006). Abundance and distribution of large mammals and human activities throughout the proposed 4,000 km2 Djolou Wamba multiple use zone (Maringa Lopori landscape). Unpublished report. AWF, Kinshasa, DRC.Google Scholar
Lushimba, A. (2012). Recensements des grands mammifères et d'impacts humains dans la Réserve de Faune de Lomako–Yokokala. Kinshasa, DRC: AWF.Google Scholar
Luther, N. J., Majiyagbe, K. A., Shamaki, D., et al. (2007). Detection of African swine fever virus genomic DNA in a Nigerian red river hog (Potamochoerus porcus). Veterinary Record 160: 58–59. doi:10.1136/vr.160.2.58.Google Scholar
Macdonald, A. A. (2000). Comparative anatomy, physiology and ecology of pregnancy and lactation in wild pigs: a review. In Nijboer, J., Hatt, J. M., Kaumanns, W., Beijnen, A. & Gansloßer, U. (eds.), Zoo animal nutrition. Fürth: Filander Verlag, pp. 213–236.Google Scholar
Maisels, F. & Ella Akou, M. (2013b). Mwagna National Park: Report on WWF survey 2012. Libreville, Gabon: ANPN/WCS/WWF, p. 14.Google Scholar
Maisels, F., Abitsi, G. & Bezangoye, A. (2008). Great ape and human impact monitoring in the Lopé-Waka Exceptional Priority Area, Gabon. Part 2: The Lopé-Waka Corridor. GACF Agreement: 98210-7-G289. Final performance report to USFWS. Libreville, Gabon: Wildlife Conservation Society, p. 30.Google Scholar
Maisels, F., Nkumu, P. & Bonyenge, A. (2009a). Salonga National Park, Democratic Republic of Congo: Terrestrial wildlife and human impact monitoring programme. Survey Report – Salonga Corridor. Kinshasa, DRC: Wildlife Conservation Society.Google Scholar
Maisels, F., Ambahe, E., Ambassa, R., Nvemgah Yara, C. & Fosso, B. (2009b). Great ape and human impact monitoring in the Mbam et Djerem National Park, Cameroon. Final report to USFWS–GACF Agreement 98210-7-G290. Unpublished report. Wildlife Conservation Society, Yaounde, Cameroon.Google Scholar
Maisels, F., Motsaba, P. & Aba'a, R. (2010a). Final report, second cycle of monitoring in Ivindo National Park and southern buffer zone. Final Report to USFWS–GACF Agreement: 98210-7-G297. Libreville, Gabon: Wildlife Conservation Society, p. 71.Google Scholar
Maisels, F., Ambahe, R., Fosso, B., Puomegne, J.-B. & Fotso, R. (2010b). Wildlife and human impact surveys of the Deng Deng National Park and UFA 10065. Yaounde, Cameroon: Wildlife Conservation Society.Google Scholar
Maisels, F., Nishihara, T., Strindberg, S., et al. (2012). Great ape and human impact monitoring training, surveys, and protection in the Ndoki-Likouala Landscape, Republic of Congo. GACF Agreement 96200-9-G247. Final Report. Brazzaville, Congo: Wildlife Conservation Society.Google Scholar
Maisels, F., Strindberg, S., Kiminou, F., et al. (2013a). Wildlife and Human Impact Survey 2012, and monitoring 2005-2008-2012. Odzala-Kokoua National Park, Republic of Congo. Brazzaville, Congo: Fondation Odzala-Kokoua/Wildlife Conservation Society, p. 48.Google Scholar
Maisels, F., Strindberg, S., Ambahe, R., et al. (2013b). Deng Deng National Park and UFA 10-065, Republic of Cameroon. Wildlife and Human Impact Survey 2012. Yaoundé, Cameroon: Wildlife Conservation Society, p. 37.Google Scholar
Maisels, F., Strindberg, S., Rayden, T., et al. (2014a). Wildlife and human impact survey of the Ngombé Ntokou-Pikounda forest landscape, Republic of Congo. Feb–Oct 2014. Republic of Congo: WCS, p. 71.Google Scholar
Maisels, F., Strindberg, S., Bechem, M., et al. (2014b). Boumba Bek National Park, Republic of Cameroon: Wildlife and Human Impact Survey 2012. Nairobi, Kenya: CITES Monitoring of Illegal Killing of Elephants, p. 64.Google Scholar
Makana, J. R., Madidi, J., Masselink, J., Vyahavwa, C. & Mukinzi, J. (2010). Rapport des explorations biologiques dans le Sud de la Zone CBNRM Bakwanza (Bloc Samboko). Brazzaville, Congo: WCS.Google Scholar
Makana, J. R., Madidi, J., Vyahavwa, C., et al. (2012). Preliminary Surveys of Chimpanzees in Eastern Ituri Forest, DRC. Final Report: USFWS Agreement no. 98210-8-G642. Unpublished report. Wildlife Conservation Society, Kinshasa, DRC.Google Scholar
Makaya, Q.P. (2010). Monitoring écologique des grands mammifères terrestres et l'impact anthropique dans le Parc National de Mayumba, Gabon – rapport final. Mayumba, Gabon: Wildlife Conservation Survey.Google Scholar
Malanda, G., Iyenguet, F. & Madzoke, B. (2010). Inventaire et Distribution des Grands Mammifères et Activités Humaines dans la Zone Tanga. Brazzaville, Congo: Wildlife Conservation Society, p. 79.Google Scholar
Meijaard, E., d'Huart, J. P. & Oliver, W. L. (2011). Family Suidae (pigs). In Wilson, D. E. & Mittermier, R. A. (eds.), Handbook of the mammals of the world, volume 2, hoofed mammals. Barcelona: Lynx Editions, pp. 248–291.Google Scholar
Melletti, M., Mirabile, M., Penteriani, V. & Boitani, L. (2009). Habitat use by forest mammals in Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, Central Africa Republic. African Journal of Ecology 47: 797–800.Google Scholar
Morgan, B. J. (2007). Group size, density and biomass of large mammals in the Reserve de Faune du Petit Loango, Gabon. African Journal of Ecology 45: 508–518.Google Scholar
Motsaba, P. & Aba'a, R. (2012). Inventaire préliminaire de grands mammifères et des activités anthropiques à la Réserve Présidentielle de Wonga-Wongué. Libreville, Gabon: Wildlife Conservation Society/Projet GEF PARCS – Composante 2, p. 24.Google Scholar
Nakashima, Y. (2015). Inventorying medium- and large-sized mammals in the African lowland rainforest using camera trapping. Tropics 23, 151–164.Google Scholar
N'Goran, K. P., Ndomba, D. L. & Beukou, G. B. (2016). Rapport de l'inventaire des grands et moyens mammifères dans le segment RCA du paysage Tri-national de la Sangha. Bayanga, République Centrafricaine: WWF RCA–APDS, p. 113.Google Scholar
Nixon, S., Mufabule, K., Eliba, A. & Manubo Patule, I. (2007). A Prospection Survey of the Usala Forest and Proposed Usala (Community) Gorilla Reserve, Democratic Republic of Congo, March–April 2007. Distribution and Conservation Status of Large Mammals with an emphasis on Grauer's Eastern Gorilla, Gorilla beringei graueri. Unpublished report. The Dian Fossey Gorilla Fund International, UGADEC (Union des Associations de Conservation des Gorilles pour le Développement Communautaire à l'Est de RDC), Tayna Centre for Conservation Biology, North Kivu, DRC, Usala Gorilla Reserve, North Kivu DRC, Kinshasa, DRC.Google Scholar
Nku, E. (2003a). Rapid large mammal assessment of Ejagham Forest Reserve, South West Province, Cameroon. Limbe, Cameroon: WCS Cameroon.Google Scholar
Nku, E. M. (2003b). Rapid large mammal assessment of Nkwende Hills Forest Concession (UFA 11-001) & Upper Banyang Forest Concession (UFA 11-002), South West Province – Cameroon. Limbe, Cameroon: WCS Cameroon, p. 28.Google Scholar
Nzooh Dongmo, Z. L., N'Goran, K. P., Fondja Hendji, C. & Nkono, J. (2015). Evaluation de la dynamique des populations de grands et moyens mammifères dans le domaine forestier permanent de l'unite technique operationelle Campo Ma'an. Yaoundé, Cameroun: WWF CCPO-MINFOF, p. 103.Google Scholar
Nzooh Dongmo, Z. L., N'Goran, K. P., Ekodeck, H., et al. (2016a). Les populations de grand et moyen mammiferes dans le segment Lobéké du paysage Tri National de la Sangha. Yaounde, Cameroun: MINFOF-WWF CCPO, p. 103.Google Scholar
Nzooh Dongmo, Z. L., N'Goran, K. P., Etoga, G., et al. (2016b). Les populations de grands et moyens mammifères dans le segment Cameroun du Paysage TRIDOM: Forêt de Ngoyla-Mintom, PN Boumba Bek et PN Nki et leurs zones périphériques. Yaounde, Cameroon: WWF CCPO-MINFOF, p. 101.Google Scholar
Oduro, W. (1989). Ecology of the red river hog in southern Nigeria. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.Google Scholar
Okon, D. & Atanga, E. (2007). Monitoring large mammals and human activities in Korup National Park. Yaounde, Cameroon: WWF Cameroon.Google Scholar
Payne, A. (2002). Gestion de la ressource en viande de brousse au Gabon : exemple du potamochère (Potamochoerus porcus) dans la région de Makokou. France: Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, p. 154.Google Scholar
Pintea, L., Atencia, R. & Cox, D. (2012). The status of gorillas in the Dimonika Biosphere Reserve. Gorilla Journal 46: 16–19.Google Scholar
Plumptre, A. J., Kujirakwinja, D., Matunguru, J., et al. (2008). Biodiversity surveys in the Misotshi-Kabogo and Marungu regions of Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo with a focus on chimpanzees. Kampala, Uganda: Wildlife Conservation Society.Google Scholar
Plumptre, A. J., Amsini, F., Kujirakwinja, D., et al. (2009). Itombwe Massif Conservation Project: delimitation and zoning of the Itombwe Natural Reserve for protection of great apes. Final Report for USFWS Project 98210 – 7– G293. Unpublished report. Wildlife Conservation Society, Kampala, Uganda.Google Scholar
Princee, F. P. G. (2013). Biomonitoring Survey 2011–2012 in Dzanga-Sangha Protected Areas. Unpublished report. World Wide Fund for Nature, Bayanga, Central African Republic.Google Scholar
Reiter, J. (2013). European Endangered Species Programme (EEP) studbook for the red river hog (Potamochoerus porcus pictus) Edition 2012. Amsterdam: European Association of Zoos and Aquariums.Google Scholar
Reyna, R., Jori, F., Querouil, S. & Leus, K. (2016). Potamochoerus porcus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T41771A44141118.Google Scholar
Ruffler, H., Murai, M. & Kuhl, H. (2012). A Conservation survey of great apes and elephants, Rio Muni, Equatorial Guinea. Final report submitted to US Fish and Wildlife Service, p. 55. Conservation International, Arlington, USA.Google Scholar
Seufert, V., Linden, B. & Fischer, F. (2010). Revealing secondary seed removers: results from camera trapping. African Journal of Ecology 48: 914–922.Google Scholar
Seydack, A. H. W. (1990). Ecology of the bushpig (Potamochoerus porcus Linn. 1758) in the Cape Province, South Africa. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa.Google Scholar
Seydack, A. H. W. (1991). Monographie des buschschweines (Potamochoerus porcus). Bongo 18: 85–102.Google Scholar
Starkey, M. (2004). Commerce and subsistence: the hunting, sale and consumption of bushmeat in Gabon. Cambridge: University of Cambridge.Google Scholar
Stokes, E. J., Strindberg, S., Bakabana, P. C., et al. (2010). Monitoring great ape and elephant abundance at large spatial scales: measuring effectiveness of a conservation landscape. PLoS ONE 5: e10294.Google Scholar
Stuart, S. N. & Adams, R. J. (1990). Biodiversity in Sub-Saharan Africa and its Islands. IUCN/SSC Occasional Papers, No. 6. Gland: IUCN.Google Scholar
Tutin, C. E. G., White, L. J. T. & Mackanga-Missandzou, A. (1997). The use of rain forest mammals of natural forest fragments in an equatorial African savanna. Conservation Biology 11(5): 1190–1203.Google Scholar
Vanleeuwe, H. (2014). Ecological Surveys 2005, 2008, 2010 and 2013: Ecological Surveys At Conkouati-Douli National Park, Republic Of Congo. Brazzaville, Congo: Wildlife Conservation Society Congo, p. 15.Google Scholar
Vercammen, P., Seydack, A. H. W. & Oliver, W. L. R. (1993). The bush pigs (Potamochoerus larvatus and P. porcus). In Oliver, W. L. R. (ed.), Pigs, peccaries, and hippos: status survey and conservation action plan. Gland: IUCN/SSC Pigs and Peccaries Specialist Group–IUCN/SSC Hippo Specialist Group, pp. 93–101.Google Scholar
Vosper, A., Masselink, J. & Maisels, F. (2012). WCS RFO Program: Great ape and human impact monitoring in Okapi Faunal Reserve, Democratic Republic of Congo. Final report to USFWS–GACF Agreement 96200-0-G100. Unpublished report. Wildlife Conservation Society, Kinshasa, DRC.Google Scholar
Warren, Y. & Bila, S. E. (2008). Mbulu Survey. Unpublished report. Wildlife Conservation Society Limbé, Cameroon.Google Scholar
Warren, Y. & Ekinde, A. (2007). Large mammal recce survey of the Mone Forest Reserve. Limbé, Cameroon: Wildlife Conservation Society, p. 69.Google Scholar
Westcott, D. A., Bentrupperbaumer, J., Bradford, M. G. & Mckeown, A. (2005). Incorporating patterns of disperser behaviour into models of seed dispersal and its effects on estimated dispersal curves. Oecologia 146: 57–67.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
White, L. & Abernethy, K. (1997). A guide to the vegetation of the Lope Reserve Gabon. New York, NY: Wildlife Conservation Society.Google Scholar
White, L. J. T. (1994). Biomass of rain forest mammals in Lopè Reserve, Gabon. Journal of Animal Ecology 63: 499–512.Google Scholar
Wilkie, D. S. & Carpenter, J. F. (1999). Bushmeat hunting in the Congo Basin. An assessment of impact and options for mitigation. Biodiversity Conservation 8: 927–945.Google Scholar
Williamson, E. A., Bayogo, R., Guimiyessi, G., et al. (2004). Survey of elephants, Bangassou, Central African Republic: conservation status and human impacts May–June 2004. Unpublished report. WCS/CITES/MIKE, New York.Google Scholar
Woodhouse, C. W. (1911). Some East African pigs. Journal of The East Africa and Uganda Natural History Society 2: 40–46.Google Scholar
Ziegler, S., Fa, J. E., Wohlfart, C., et al. (2016). Mapping bushmeat hunting pressure in Central Africa. Biotropica 48: 405–412.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure no-reply@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×