China and India have been conducting dual-track climate diplomacy. Under the UN track, both countries have built new coalitions while maintaining their traditional one to facilitate their increasingly weakened negotiating positions. Both countries have been bandwagoning non-UN climate arrangements initiated by the United States and the European Union (EU). Under this dual-track climate diplomacy, China and India have made some significant compromises, that is, both countries have agreed to voluntarily mitigate their GHG emissions and put their actions under legally-binding review procedures. Thus, China and India’s climate diplomacy has shifted away from free-riding to burden-sharing, which has been shaped by their two-level pressures. Domestically, the hot debate on whether they should undertake GHG mitigation actions has resulted in domestic support for actions. In addition, the tangible profits both countries accrued from their participation in the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) have stimulated both countries to make compromises. Internationally, both countries seeking great power status makes them react to pressures stemmed from the international climate protection norms, social isolation, and social opprobrium. Moreover, both countries’ asymmetrical interdependence on developed countries, especially the United States and the EU, for transferring climate mitigation-related technologies has led them to make compromises.