5.1 Pleistocene Mammals
More families, genera and species have been recorded from the Pleistocene than any other epoch in southern Africa (see Table 7.1). Proportions of extinct taxa vary at different levels. Thus, all 15 extant Orders are represented, and all of the 38 families are extant, but the situation is different at the generic and specific levels. Here there is a clear diversification in certain Orders, combined with high proportions of extinct taxa. For instance, in the Artiodactyla, 32 per cent of the genera and 49 per cent of the species are now extinct, while the numbers are 23 per cent and 43 per cent respectively in the Carnivora. On the other hand, the Rodentia contain only 8 per cent extinct genera and 17 per cent extinct species, while all the Chiroptera are extant.
| Chlorotalpa duthiae Broom, 1907. Trans. S. Afr. Philos. Soc. 18: 292. Duthie’s golden mole. Type locality: Knysna. Additional references: Bronner (Reference Bronner1995a, Reference Bronner1995b). |  |
| Chlorotalpa sclateri Broom, Reference Broom1907. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Series 7, 19: 263. Sclater’s golden mole. Type locality: Beaufort West. Additional references: Bronner (Reference Bronner1995a, Reference Bronner1995b); Broom (Reference Broom1907b, Reference Broom1946, Reference Broom1950). |  |
| †Chlorotalpa spelea Broom, Reference Broom1941. Ann. Transvaal Mus. 20: 214. Type locality: Sterkfontein. |  |
| Chrysochloris asiatica Linnaeus, Reference Linnaeus1758. Systema Naturae Regnum Animale, 10th edition, 1: 53. Cape golden mole. Type locality: usually taken as Cape of Good Hope. Additional references: Broom (Reference Broom1907b, Reference Broom1909c, Reference Broom1910, Reference Broom1946, Reference Broom1950); Petter (Reference Petter1981); Roberts (Reference Roberts1919). |  |
| Chrysospalax Gill, Reference Gill and Kingsley1884. Stand. Nat. Hist. 5 (Mamm): 137. Type locality: None given. Additional references: Petter (Reference Petter1981). |  |
| Chrysospalax villosus Smith, Reference Smith1833. S. Afr. Quart. J., Series 2, 2: 81. Rough-haired golden mole. Synonyms: Chrysochloris villosa. Type locality: near Durban. Additional references: Broom (Reference Broom1909c, Reference Broom1913a); Gray (Reference Gray1865a); Meester (Reference Meester1953b); Smith (Reference Smith1849). |  |
| Amblysomus hottentotus Smith, Reference Smith1829. Zool. J. 4: 436. Hottentot golden mole. Synonyms: iris. Type locality: Grahamstown. Additional references: Bronner (Reference Bronner1996); Broom (Reference Broom1908, Reference Broom1909c); Capanna et al. (Reference Capanna, Civitelli, Hickman and Nevo1989); Mynhardt et al. (Reference Mynhardt, Maree and Pelser2015); Petter (Reference Petter1981); Roberts (Reference Roberts1946). |  |
| Neamblysomus gunningi Broom, Reference Broom1908. Ann. Transvaal Mus. 1: 14. Gunning’s golden mole. Synonyms: Amblysomus. Type locality: Woodbush. Additional references: Bronner (Reference Bronner1995b, Reference Bronner, Kingdon, Happold and Butynski2013); Bronner and Jenkins (Reference Bronner, Jenkins, Wilson and Reeder2005). |  |
| †Proamblysomus antiquus Broom, Reference Broom1941 Ann. Transvaal Mus. 20: 214. Type locality: Sterkfontein |  |
| Elephantulus Thomas and Schwann, Reference Thomas and Schwann1906. Abstr. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 33: 10. Additional references: Corbet and Hanks (Reference Corbet and Hanks1968); Evans (Reference Evans1942); Holroyd (Reference Holroyd, Werdelin and Sanders2010a); Patterson (Reference Patterson1965); Van der Horst (Reference Van der Horst1944). |  |
| †Elephantulus antiquus Broom, 1948. Ann. Transvaal Mus. 21(1): 5. Type locality: Bolt’s Farm. Additional references: Patterson (Reference Patterson1965). |  |
| Elephantulus brachyrhynchus Smith, Reference Smith1836. Report of the Expedition for Exploring Central Africa: 42. Short-snouted elephant shrew. Synonyms: Macroscelides. Type locality: Kuruman to southern Botswana. Additional references: Smith (Reference Smith1849). |  |
| †Elephantulus broomi Corbet and Hanks, Reference Corbet and Hanks1968. Bull. Brit. Mus. Nat. Hist. Zool. 16: 54. Synonyms: Elephantomys langi. Type locality: Schurveberg. |  |
| Elephantulus edwardii Smith, 1839. Illustrations of the Zoology of South Africa: pl. 14. Cape elephant shrew. Synonyms: Macroscelides. Type locality: Oliphants River. Additional references: Roberts (Reference Roberts1924); Smith (Reference Smith1849). |  |
| Elephantulus fuscus Peters, Reference Peters1851. Reise nach Mossambique, Säugethiere: 87. Dusky elephant shrew. Type locality: Boror. |  |
| Elephantulus intufi Smith, Reference Smith1836. Report of the Expedition for Exploring Central Africa: 42. Bushveld elephant shrew. Synonyms: Macroscelides. Type locality: flats beyond Kurrichaine. Additional references: Smith (Reference Smith1849). |  |
| Elephantulus myurus Thomas and Schwann, Reference Thomas and Schwann1906. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1906: 586. Eastern rock elephant shrew. Type locality: Woodbush. |  |
| Elephantulus rupestris Smith, Reference Smith1830. Proc. Commmittee. Sci. Corr. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1: 11. Western rock elephant shrew. Synonyms: Macroscelides. Type locality: mountains near mouth of Orange River. Additional references: Broom (Reference Broom1938b); Roberts (Reference Roberts1938, Reference Roberts1946); Smith (Reference Smith1849). |  |
| Macroscelides Smith, Reference Smith1829. Zool. J. Lond. 4: 435. Type locality: none given. Additional references: Corbet and Hanks (Reference Corbet and Hanks1968); Evans (Reference Evans1942); Patterson (Reference Patterson1965); Smith (Reference Smith1849). Comments: this genus is considered to be monospecific, so this material should almost certainly be assigned to M. proboscideus. |  |
| Macroscelides proboscideus Shaw, Reference Shaw1800. Gen. Zool. Syst. Nat. Hist. 1(2) Mammalia: 536. Short-eared elephant shrew. Synonyms: typicus. Type locality: Roodeval. Additional references: Roberts (Reference Roberts1933, Reference Roberts1938). |  |
| †Mylomygale spiersi Broom, 1948. Ann. Transvaal Mus. 21(1): 8. Type locality: Taung. Additional references: Holroyd (Reference Holroyd, Werdelin and Sanders2010a); Patterson (Reference Patterson1965). |  |
| Orycteropus Cuvier, Reference Cuvier1798. Tableau Elémentaire de l’Histoire Naturelle des Animaux 1798: 144. Additional references: Holroyd (Reference Holroyd, Werdelin and Sanders2010b); Kitching (Reference Kitching1963); Lehmann (Reference Lehmann2007); Pickford (Reference Pickford2008a). |  |
| Orycteropus afer Pallas, Reference Pallas1766. P.S. Pallas Medecinae Doctoris Miscellanea Zoologica: 64. Aardvark. Type locality: Cape of Good Hope. Additional references: Kitching (Reference Kitching1963); Lehmann (Reference Lehmann2004, Reference Lehmann2007); Pickford (Reference Pickford2005b); Shoshani et al. (Reference Shoshani, Goldman and Thewissen1988). |  |
| Dendrohyrax arboreus Smith, Reference Smith1827. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. 14: 468. Southern tree hyrax. Type locality: Cape of Good Hope. Additional references: Gray (Reference Gray1873); Thomas (Reference Thomas1892). |  |
| Procavia Storr, Reference Storr1780. Prodromus Methodi Mammalium: 40. |  |
| †Procavia antiqua Broom, Reference Broom1934. S. Afr. J. Sci. 31: 472. Synonyms: Prohyrax; robertsi. Type locality: Taung. Additional references: Broom (Reference Broom1948a); Churcher (Reference Churcher1956); McMahon and Thackeray (Reference McMahon and Thackeray1994); Rasmussen and Gutiérrez (Reference Rasmussen, Gutiérrez, Werdelin and Sanders2010); Schwartz (Reference Schwartz1997). |  |
| Procavia capensis Pallas, Reference Pallas1766. P.S. Pallas Medecinae Doctoris Miscellanea Zoologica:30. Rock hyrax. Synonyms: Heterohyrax; coombsi; syriacus; welwitschii. Type locality: Cape of Good Hope. Additional references: Maswanganye et al. (Reference Maswanganye, Cunningham, Bennett, Chimimba and Bloomer2017); McMahon and Thackeray (Reference McMahon and Thackeray1994); Thomas (Reference Thomas1892). |  |
| †Procavia transvaalensis Shaw, Reference Shaw1937. J. Dental Res. 16: 40. Synonyms: obermeyerae. Type locality: Taung. Additional references: Churcher (Reference Churcher1956); McMahon and Thackeray (Reference McMahon and Thackeray1994). |  |
| Elephas Linnaeus, Reference Linnaeus1758. Systema Naturae Regnum Animale, 10th edition, 1: 33. Synonyms: Archidiskodon; Palaeoloxodon. Additional references: Cooke (Reference Cooke1961); Todd (Reference Todd2010). |  |
| †Elephas iolensis Pomel, Reference Pomel1895. Les éléphants Quaternaires: Carte Géologique de l’Algérie: 32. Synonyms: Archidiskodon; Mammuthus; Palaeoloxodon; pilgrimia; archidiskodontoides; broomi; hanekomi; kuhni; sheppardi; transvaalensis; wilmani; yorki. Additional references: Cooke (Reference Cooke1993b); Dart (Reference Dart1927, Reference Dart1929b); Haughton (Reference Haughton1932b); Hendey (Reference Hendey1967); Osborn (Reference Osborn1942); Sanders et al. (Reference Sanders, Gheerbrandt, Harris, Saegusa, Delmer, Werdelin and Sanders2010a); Todd (Reference Todd2010). Comments: Pomel (Reference Pomel1895) named this species E. jolensis. |  |
| †Elephas recki Dietrich, Reference Dietrich and Reck1915. Arch. Biontol. 4(1): 22. Synonyms: Archidiskodon; Mammuthus; Palaeoloxodon; griqua; antiquus recki. Additional references: Arambourg (Reference Arambourg1942); Cooke (Reference Cooke1993b); Dart (Reference Dart1929b); Haughton (Reference Haughton1921); Osborn (Reference Osborn1942); Sanders et al. (Reference Sanders, Gheerbrandt, Harris, Saegusa, Delmer, Werdelin and Sanders2010a); Todd (Reference Todd2005, Reference Todd2010). |  |
| Loxodonta, Anonymous, 1827. Zool. J. 3: 140. Synonyms: Tetralophodon? |  |
| Loxodonta africana Blumenbach, Reference Blumenbach1797. D. Joh. Fr. Blumenbach’s Handbuch der Naturgeschichte., 5th edition: 125. African bush elephant. Synonyms: Archidiskodon; Palaeoloxodon; Elephas; Mammuthus; loxodontoides; zulu. Type locality: Orange River, South Africa. Additional references: Brook et al. (Reference Brook, Cherkinsky, Marias and Todd2014); Burmeister (Reference Burmeister1837); Dart (Reference Dart1929b); Sanders et al. (Reference Sanders, Rasmussen, Kappelman, Werdelin and Sanders2010b); Todd (Reference Todd2010). |  |
| †Loxodonta atlantica Pomel, Reference Pomel1879. Bull. Soc. Géol. France, Series 3, 7: 51. Synonyms: Archidiskodon; Palaeoloxodon; zulu. Additional references: Sanders et al. (Reference Sanders, Rasmussen, Kappelman, Werdelin and Sanders2010b); Scott (Reference Scott1907). |  |
| †Loxodonta cookei Sanders, Reference Sanders2007. Trans. R. Soc. S. Afr. 62(1): 7. Synonyms: Lukeino Stage. Type locality: Langebaanweg. Additional references: Pickford and Senut (Reference Pickford and Senut1997); Sanders et al. (Reference Sanders, Gheerbrandt, Harris, Saegusa, Delmer, Werdelin and Sanders2010a); Todd (Reference Todd2010). |  |
| †Mammuthus subplanifrons Osborn, Reference Osborn1928. Nature 121: 672–673. Synonyms: Archidiskodon; Elephas; Mastodon; Stegodon; andrewsi; milletti; proplanifrons; scotti; vanalpheni. Type locality: Sydney-on-Vaal. Additional references: Dart (Reference Dart1929b); Maglio and Hendey (Reference Maglio and Hendey1970); Meiring (Reference Meiring1955); Osborn (Reference Osborn1934, Reference Osborn1942); Sanders (Reference Sanders2007); Sanders et al. (Reference Sanders, Gheerbrandt, Harris, Saegusa, Delmer, Werdelin and Sanders2010a); Todd (Reference Todd2010). |  |
| Cercopithecus Linnaeus, Reference Linnaeus1758. Systema Naturae Regnum Animale, 10th edition, 1: 26. Additional references: Jablonsky and Frost (Reference Jablonsky, Frost, Werdelin and Sanders2010). Comments: material originally identified as Cercopithecus sp. is not mapped because it may be assigned to this genus or to Chlorocebus as currently understood (Wilson and Reeder Reference Wilson and Reeder2005). | |
| Cercopithecus albogularis Sykes, Reference Sykes1831. Proc. Committee Sci. Corr. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1L. Sykes’ monkey. Synonyms: mitis. Additional references: Dalton et al. (Reference Dalton, Linden and Wimberger2015); Lawes (Reference Lawes1990). |  |
| Chlorocebus aethiops Linnaeus, Reference Linnaeus1758, Systema Naturae Regnum Animale, 10th edition, 1: 28. Grivet. Synonyms: Cercopithecus. |  |
| Chlorocebus pygerythrus Cuvier, Reference Cuvier, Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire and Cuvier1821. Hist. Nat. Mamm. 24: 2. Vervet monkey. Synonyms: aethiops. |  |
| †Dinopithecus ingens Broom, 1937. S. Afr. J. Sci. 33: 753. Synonyms: Papio. Type locality: Schurveberg. Additional references: Freedman and Brain (Reference Freedman and Brain1977); Gilbert (Reference Gilbert2013); Jablonsky and Frost (Reference Jablonsky, Frost, Werdelin and Sanders2010). |  |
| †Gorgopithecus major Broom and Robinson, Reference Broom and Robinson1949. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 119: 386. Synonyms: Parapapio Type locality: Kromdraai. Additional references: Gilbert (Reference Gilbert2013); Gilbert et al. (Reference Gilbert, Frost and Delson2016a); Gommery and Bento da Costa (Reference Gommery and Bento da Costa2016); Jablonsky and Frost (Reference Jablonsky, Frost, Werdelin and Sanders2010). |  |
| Papio Erxleben, Reference Erxleben1777. Systema Regni Animales per Classes : Mammalia: xxx, 15. Additional references: Williams et al. (Reference Williams, Ross and Frost2012). |  |
| †Papio izodi Gear, Reference Gear1926. S. Afr. J. Sci. 23: 746. Synonyms: Gorgopithecus; Parapapio; angusticeps; wellsi. Type locality: Taung. Additional references: Adams et al. (Reference Adams, Kegley and Krigbaum2013); Cooke (Reference Cooke and Sperber1990); Freedman (Reference Freedman1965); Gilbert (Reference Gilbert2013); Gilbert et al. (Reference Gilbert, Steininger, Kibii and Berger2015); Gilbert et al. (Reference Gilbert, Takahashi and Delson2016b); Gommery and Bento da Costa (Reference Gommery and Bento da Costa2016); Heaton (Reference Heaton2006); Jablonsky and Frost (Reference Jablonsky, Frost, Werdelin and Sanders2010); McKee (Reference McKee1993b); McKee and Keyser (Reference McKee and Keyser1994). Comments: known material from Kromdraai is referred to Papio (hamadryas) angusticeps and a new specimen to Papio hamadryas spp. indet. by Singleton et al. (Reference Singleton, Gilbert, Frost and Seitelman2016). |  |
| †Papio robinsoni Freedman, Reference Freedman1957. Ann. Transvaal Mus. 23(2): 183. Synonyms: Dinopithecus; Parapapio; hamadryas robinsoni. Type locality: Swartkrans. Additional references: Gommery and Bento da Costa (Reference Gommery and Bento da Costa2016); Gommery et al. (Reference Gommery, Thackeray, Potze and Braga2008b); Freedman (Reference Freedman1965); Freedman and Brain (Reference Freedman and Brain1977); Jablonsky and Frost (Reference Jablonsky, Frost, Werdelin and Sanders2010). Comments: Gommery and Bento da Costa (Reference Gommery and Bento da Costa2016) consider this taxon to be a subspecies of Papio hamadryas. |  |
| †Papio spelaeus Broom, 1936. Ann. Transvaal Mus. 18: 396. Type locality: Pretoria. Additional references: Freedman (Reference Freedman1957). |  |
| Papio ursinus Kerr, Reference Kerr1792. The Animal Kingdom, or Zoological System of the Celebrated Sir Charles Linnaeus: 63. Chacma baboon. Synonyms: cynocephalus; comatus; hamadryas; porcarius; rhodesiae. Type locality: Cape of Good Hope. Additional references: Freedman (Reference Freedman1954, Reference Freedman1965); Jablonsky and Frost (Reference Jablonsky, Frost, Werdelin and Sanders2010); Roberts (Reference Roberts1932); Williams et al. (Reference Williams, Ross and Frost2012). Comments: material from the Koanaka Hills in Botswana is assigned to P. hamadryas by Williams et al. (Reference Williams, Ross and Frost2012), probably because some authors (e.g. Singleton et al. Reference Singleton, Gilbert, Frost and Seitelman2016) consider ursinus to be a subspecies of P. hamadryas. Here, Wilson and Reeder (Reference Wilson and Reeder2005) are followed in considering ursinus to be a full species. |  |
| †Parapapio Jones, Reference Jones1937. S. Afr. J. Sci. 33: 726. Type locality: Sterkfontein. Additional references: Grine and Hendey (Reference Grine and Hendey1981); Jablonsky and Frost (Reference Jablonsky, Frost, Werdelin and Sanders2010). |  |
| †Parapapio broomi Jones, Reference Jones1937. S. Afr. J. Sci. 33: 727. Synonyms: Brachygnathopithecus peppercorni; Gorgopithecus; makapani. Type locality: Sterkfontein. Additional references: Freedman (Reference Freedman1965); Freedman and Stenhouse (Reference Freedman and Stenhouse1972); Gilbert (Reference Gilbert2013); Gommery and Bento da Costa (Reference Gommery and Bento da Costa2016); Heaton (Reference Heaton2006); Jablonsky and Frost (Reference Jablonsky, Frost, Werdelin and Sanders2010); Maier (Reference Maier1970); Thackeray and Myer (Reference Thackeray and Myer2004). |  |
| †Parapapio jonesi Broom, Reference Broom1940. Ann. Transvaal Mus. 20: 93. Type locality: Sterkfontein. Additional references: Freedman and Brain (Reference Freedman and Brain1977); Freedman and Stenhouse (Reference Freedman and Stenhouse1972); Gilbert (Reference Gilbert2013); Gommery and Bento da Costa (Reference Gommery and Bento da Costa2016); Heaton (Reference Heaton2006); Jablonsky and Frost (Reference Jablonsky, Frost, Werdelin and Sanders2010); Maier (Reference Maier1970); Thackeray and Myer (Reference Thackeray and Myer2004). |  |
| †Parapapio whitei Broom, Reference Broom1940. Ann. Transvaal Mus. 20: 90. Type locality: Sterkfontein. Additional references: Freedman (Reference Freedman1965); Freedman and Stenhouse (Reference Freedman and Stenhouse1972); Gilbert (Reference Gilbert2013); Gommery and Bento da Costa (Reference Gommery and Bento da Costa2016); Heaton (Reference Heaton2006); Jablonsky and Frost (Reference Jablonsky, Frost, Werdelin and Sanders2010); Maier (Reference Maier1970). |  |
| †Theropithecus oswaldi Andrews, Reference Andrews1916. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Series 8, 18: 417. Synonyms: Parapapio coronatus?; Simopithecus; danieli; leakeyi. Additional references: Broom and Robinson (Reference Broom and Robinson1948); Dechow and Singer (Reference Dechow and Singer1984); Freedman (Reference Freedman1957, Reference Freedman1976); Freedman and Brain (Reference Freedman and Brain1977); Frost et al. (Reference Frost, Saanane and Starkovich2017); Gilbert (Reference Gilbert2007b, Reference Gilbert2013); Heaton (Reference Heaton2006); Jablonsky and Frost (Reference Jablonsky, Frost, Werdelin and Sanders2010); Leakey (Reference Leakey1943a). |  |
| †Cercopithecoides haasgati McKee, Von Mayer and Kuykendall, Reference McKee, Von Mayer and Kuykendall2011. J. Human Evol. 60: 90. Type locality: Haasgat. Additional references: Adams et al. (Reference Adams, Kegley and Krigbaum2013); Kegley et al. (Reference Kegley, Hemingway and Adams2011); Von Mayer (Reference Von Mayer1998). |  |
| †Cercopithecoides williamsi Mollett, Reference Mollett1947. S. Afr. J. Sci. 43: 298. Synonyms: molletti. Type locality: Limeworks Makapansgat. Additional references: Freedman (Reference Freedman1961, Reference Freedman1965); Freedman and Brain (Reference Freedman and Brain1977); Jablonsky and Frost (Reference Jablonsky, Frost, Werdelin and Sanders2010); Kuykendall and Rae (Reference Kuykendall and Rae2008); Maier (Reference Maier1970); Von Mayer (Reference Von Mayer1998). |  |
| †Microcolobus Benefit and Pickford Reference Benefit and Pickford1986. Amer. Phys. Anthrop. 69: 446. |  |
| Paraxerus palliatus Peters, Reference Peters1852. Bericht Verhandl. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 17: 273. Red bush squirrel. Type locality: Quintangonha. |  |
| Xerus inauris Zimmermann, 1780. Geographische Geschichte des Menschen und der Allgemein Verbreiteten Vierfüssigen Thiere 2: 344. South African ground squirrel. Synonyms: Geosciurus capensis. Type locality: Kaffirland, 100 miles (160 km) north of Cape of Good Hope. Additional references: Skurski and Waterman (Reference Skurski and Waterman2005). |  |
| Graphiurus Smuts, Reference Smuts1832. Dissertation Zoologica, Ennumerationem Mammalium Capensium: 32–33. Synonyms: Claviglis; Gliriscus; Myoxus. Additional references: Daams and De Bruijn (Reference Daams and De Bruijn1995); Holden (Reference Holden1996); Montgelard et al. (Reference Montgelard, Matthee and Robinson2003); Webb and Skinner (Reference Webb and Skinner1995). |  |
| Graphiurus microtis Noack, Reference Noack1887. Zool. Jahrb. 2: 248. Large savanna African dormouse. Synonyms: griselda; littoralis; schneideri; streeteri. Additional references: Roberts (Reference Roberts1938). |  |
| Graphiurus murinus Desmarest, Reference Desmarest1822. Mammalogie ou descriptions des espèces de mammifères, Part 2 (suppl.): 542. Forest African dormouse. Synonyms: alticola; tasmani; woosnami; vandami; zuluensis. Type locality: Cape of Good Hope. Additional references: Holden (Reference Holden1996); Kryštufek et al. (Reference Kryštufek, Haberl, Baxter and Zima2004); Roberts (Reference Roberts1931, Reference Roberts1938). |  |
| Graphiurus ocularis Smith, Reference Smith1829. Zool. J. 4: 439. Spectacled African dormouse. Synonyms: Myoxus; capensis. Type locality: near Plettenberg Bay. Additional references: De Winton (Reference De Winton1898); Holden (Reference Holden1996); Smith (Reference Smith1849). |  |
| Cricetomys ansorgei Thomas, Reference Thomas1904. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Series 7, 13: 412. Southern giant pouched rat. Synonyms: gambianus. |  |
| Saccostomus Peters, Reference Peters1846. Bericht Verhandl. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 11: 258. Comments: the Holocene material should almost certainly be assigned to S. campestris since this is the only species currently understood to occur in southern Africa (Wilson and Reeder Reference Wilson and Reeder2005). |  |
| Saccostomus campestris Peters, Reference Peters1846. Bericht Verhandl. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 11: 258. Southern African pouched mouse. Synonyms: anderssoni; hildae; limpopoensis; mashonae; pagei; streeteri. Type locality: Tete. Additional references: Denys (Reference Denys1988b); Roberts (Reference Roberts1914). |  |
| †Stenodontomys Pocock, Reference Pocock1987. Palaeontol. Afr. 26(7): 86. Type locality: Limeworks Makapansgat. |  |
| Dendromus Smith, Reference Smith1829. Zool. J. 4: 438. Synonyms: Poemys. |  |
| Dendromus melanotis Smith, Reference Smith1834. S. Afr. Quart. J., Series 2, 2: 148. Grey African climbing mouse. Synonyms: arenarius; concinnus; nigrifrons. Type locality: near Port Natal: Durban. Additional references: Roberts (Reference Roberts1931); Smith (Reference Smith1849). |  |
| Dendromus mesomelas Brants, Reference Brants1827. Het Geslacht der Muizen door Linnaeus Opgesteld: 122. Brants’ African climbing mouse. Synonyms: ayresi; typica. Type locality: Sunday’s River, east of Port Elizabeth. Additional references: Smith (Reference Smith1849). |  |
| Dendromus mystacalis Heuglin, Reference Heuglin1863. Nov. Act. Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. 30: 2 suppl.: 5. Chestnut African climbing mouse |  |
| Dendromus nyikae Wroughton, Reference Wroughton1909. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Series 8, 3: 248. Nyika African climbing mouse. |  |
| Malacothrix Wagner, Reference Wagner1843. In: Schreber, Die Säugethiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur, mit Beschreibungen, Suppl. 3: 496. |  |
| Malacothrix typica Smith, Reference Smith1834. S. Afr. Quart. J., Series 2, 2: 148. Large-eared African desert mouse. Type locality: Graaff Reinet District. Additional references: Roberts (Reference Roberts1932). |  |
| Steatomys Peters, Reference Peters1846. Bericht Verhandl. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 11: 258. |  |
| Steatomys krebsii Peters, Reference Peters1852. Reise nach Mossambique, Säugethiere: 165. Krebs’s African fat mouse. Synonyms: chiversi; pentonyx; pratensis. Type locality: Kaffraria. Additional references: Roberts (Reference Roberts1931). |  |
| Steatomys pratensis Peters, Reference Peters1846. Bericht Verhandl. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 11: 258. Common African fat mouse. Synonyms: natalensis; opimus. Type locality: Tete. Comments: material from Botswana was identified as Steatomys opimus but, as currently understood, this species is almost entirely confined to West Africa (Musser and Carleton Reference Musser, Carleton, Wilson and Reeder2005). |  |
| Mystromys Wagner, Reference Wagner1841. Gelehrte Anz. I. K. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. München 12(54): col. 434. |  |
| Mystromys albicaudatus Smith, Reference Smith1834. S. Afr. Quart. J., Series 2, 2: 148. African white-tailed rat. Synonyms: Otomys; antiquus. Type locality: Albany District. Additional references: De Winton (Reference De Winton1898); Grubb (Reference Grubb2004); Smith (Reference Smith1849). |  |
| †Mystromys hausleitneri Broom, 1937. S. Afr. J. Sci. 33: 766. Synonyms: hauslichtneri. Type locality: Schurveberg. Additional references: Broom (Reference Broom1948a). Comments: there is disagreement about the identity of some Pleistocene samples, which have been variously assigned to this species or to M. albicaudatus. See Avery (Reference Avery1998) for further discussion. |  |
| †Proodontomys cookei Pocock, Reference Pocock1987. Palaeontol. Afr. 26(7): 82. Type locality: Limeworks Makapansgat |  |
| Petromyscus Thomas, Reference Thomas1926. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Series 9, 17: 179. Additional references: Petter (Reference Petter1967). |  |
| Acomys Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Reference Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire1838. Ann. Sci. Nat. Zool. Paris, Series 2: 10: 126. Additional references: Chevret et al. (Reference Chevret, Denys, Jaeger, Michaux and Catzeflis1993a); Dippenaar and Rautenbach (Reference Dippenaar and Rautenbach1986). |  |
| Acomys spinosissimus Peters, Reference Peters1852. Reise nach Mossambique, Saugethiere: 160. Southern African spiny mouse. Synonyms: cahirinus selousi; transvaalensis. Type locality: Tete and Buio. Additional references: Dippenaar and Rautenbach (Reference Dippenaar and Rautenbach1986). |  |
| Acomys subspinosus Waterhouse, Reference Waterhouse1837. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1837: 104. Cape spiny mouse. Type locality: Cape of Good Hope. Additional references: Dippenaar and Rautenbach (Reference Dippenaar and Rautenbach1986). |  |
| Desmodillus Thomas and Schwann, Reference Thomas and Schwann1904. Abstr. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 2: 6. Synonyms: Gerbillus; Pachyuromys. Additional references: Pavlinov (Reference Pavlinov, Denys, Granjon and Poulet2001). |  |
| Desmodillus auricularis Smith, Reference Smith1834. S. Afr. Quart. J., Series 2, 2: 160. Short-eared gerbil. Synonyms: Gerbillus; brevicaudatus. Type locality: Kamiesberg. Additional references: Griffin (Reference Griffin and Seeley1990); Qumsiyeh (Reference Qumsiyeh1986); Smith (Reference Smith1849). |  |
| Gerbilliscus Thomas, Reference Thomas1897. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1897: 433. Synonyms: Gerbillus; Tatera. |  |
| Gerbilliscus afra Gray, Reference Gray1830. Spicil. Zool. 2: 10. Cape gerbil. Synonyms: Gerbillus; Meriones; Tatera; africanus. Type locality: vicinity of Cape Town. Additional references: Chacornac (Reference Chacornac1999); Cuvier (Reference Cuvier1841); Davis (Reference Davis1949, Reference Davis1965); Qumsiyeh (Reference Qumsiyeh1986); Smith (Reference Smith1849); Smuts (Reference Smuts1832). Comments: Gray, Reference Gray1830 not seen. Citation according to Wilson and Reeder (Reference Wilson and Reeder2005). |  |
| Gerbilliscus brantsii Smith, Reference Smith1836. Report of the Expedition for Exploring Central Africa: 43. Highveld gerbil. Synonyms: Gerbillus; Tatera; montanus. Type locality: Ladybrand. Additional references: Davis (Reference Davis1949, Reference Davis1965); Griffin (Reference Griffin and Seeley1990); Qumsiyeh (Reference Qumsiyeh1986); Roberts (Reference Roberts1926); Smith (Reference Smith1849). |  |
| Gerbilliscus leucogaster Peters, 1852. Bericht Verhandl. K. Preuss., Akad. Wiss. Berlin 17: 274. Bushveld gerbil. Synonyms: Gerbillus; Tatera. Type locality: Boror. Additional references: Davis (Reference Davis1949, Reference Davis1965); Griffin (Reference Griffin and Seeley1990); Qumsiyeh (Reference Qumsiyeh1986). |  |
| Gerbillurus Shortridge, Reference Shortridge1942. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. 36(1): 52. Additional references: Qumsiyeh et al. (Reference Qumsiyeh, Hamilton, Dempster and Baker1991). |  |
| Gerbillurus paeba Smith, Reference Smith1836. Report of the Expedition for Exploring Central Africa: 43. Paeba hairy-footed gerbil. Synonyms: Gerbillus; tenuis. Type locality: Vryberg. Additional references: Chacornac (Reference Chacornac1999); De Winton (Reference De Winton1898); Griffin (Reference Griffin and Seeley1990); Perrin et al. (Reference Perrin, Dempster and Downs1999); Qumsiyeh (Reference Qumsiyeh1986); Taylor (Reference Taylor2000). |  |
| Aethomys Thomas, Reference Thomas1915. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Series 8, 16: 477. Additional references: Chimimba (Reference Chimimba1997, Reference Chimimba1998, Reference Chimimba2005); Chimimba and Dippenaar (Reference Chimimba and Dippenaar1994); Chimimba et al. (Reference Chimimba, Dippenaar and Robinson1999); Visser and Robinson (Reference Visser and Robinson1986). Comments: many specimens were identified as Aethomys sp. at a time when Micaelamys was not recognised as a separate genus. For this reason, distributions that rely on material not identified to species have not been mapped, pending re-identification. | |
| Aethomys chrysophilus De Winton, Reference De Winton1896. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1896: 801. Red veld aethomys. Additional references: Chimimba (Reference Chimimba2000); Chimimba and Dippenaar (Reference Chimimba and Dippenaar1994); Roberts (Reference Roberts1926, Reference Roberts1946). |  |
| Arvicanthis Lesson, Reference Lesson1842. Nouveau Tableau du Règne Animal: 147. Additional references: Grubb (Reference Grubb2004). |  |
| Dasymys Peters, Reference Peters1875. Monatsb. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1875: 12. Additional references: Verheyen et al. (Reference Verheyen, Huiselmans and Dierckx2003). |  |
| †Dasymys ‘bolti’ Broom, unpublished. Type locality: Bolt’s Farm. Additional references: Denys (Reference Denys1990a). Comments: Nomen nudum. |  |
| †Dasymys ‘broomi’ Broom, unpublished. Synonyms: brevirostris. Type locality: Sterkfontein. Comments: Nomen nudum. |  |
| Dasymys incomtus Sundevall, Reference Sundevall1846. Ofv. K. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Forhandl, 3: 120. Common dasymys. Type locality: Durban. Additional references: Gordon (Reference Gordon1991); Mullin et al. (Reference Mullin, Pillay and Taylor2004). Comments: much of the material identified as D. incomtus was identified at a time when this species was the only one recognised in southern Africa. For this reason, this material should be considered as D. incomtus sensu lato until such time as it is re-examined. |  |
| †Dasymys ‘lavocati’ Broom, unpublished. Type locality: Bolt’s Farm. Comments: Nomen nudum. |  |
| Grammomys Thomas, Reference Thomas1915. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8)16: 150. Synonyms: Thamnomys. |  |
| Grammomys dolichurus Smuts, Reference Smuts1832. Dissertation Zoologica, Ennumerationem Mammalium Capensium: 38. Common grammomys. Type locality: near Cape Town. Additional references: Roberts (Reference Roberts1931). |  |
| Lemniscomys rosalia Thomas, Reference Thomas1904. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Series 7, 13: 414. Single-striped lemniscomys. Synonyms: dorsalis; griselda. Additional references: Smith (Reference Smith1849). |  |
| Mastomys Thomas, Reference Thomas1915. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Series 8, 16: 477. Synonyms: Praomys. Additional references: Britton-Davidian et al. (Reference Britton-Davidian, Catalan, Granjon and Duplantier1995); Granjon et al. (Reference Granjon, Duplantier, Catalan and Britton-Davidian1997); Grubb (Reference Grubb2004); Taylor (Reference Taylor2000). |  |
| Mastomys coucha Smith, 1834. Report of the Expedition for Exploring Central Africa: 43. Southern African mastomys. Synonyms: Praomys; natalensis. Type locality: between Orange River and Tropic of Capricorn. Additional references: Bronner et al. (Reference Bronner, Van der Merwe and Njobe2007); Dippenaar et al. (Reference Dippenaar, Swanepoel and Gordon1993); Smit and Van der Bank (Reference Smit and Van der Bank2001). Comments: this material was originally identified as M. natalensis at a time when M. coucha was not recognised as a separate species. |  |
| Mastomys natalensis Smith, Reference Smith1834. S. Afr. Quart. J., Series 2, 2: 146. Natal mastomys. Synonyms: Praomys. Type locality: Port Natal = Durban. Additional references: Bronner et al. (Reference Bronner, Van der Merwe and Njobe2007); Dippenaar et al. (Reference Dippenaar, Swanepoel and Gordon1993); Green et al. (Reference Green, Keogh, Gordon, Pinto and Hartwig1980); Smit and Van der Bank (Reference Smit and Van der Bank2001); Smith (Reference Smith1849). Comments: see comment under M. coucha above. |  |
| Micaelamys Ellerman, Reference Ellerman1941. Families and Genera of Living Rodents 2: 170. Synonyms: Aethomys. Type locality: not given by Ellerman (Reference Ellerman1941) but presumably Deelfontein since this is the type locality of the type species M. granti. |  |
| Micaelamys namaquensis Smith, Reference Smith1834. S. Afr. Quart. J., Series 2, 2: 160. Namaqua micaelamys. Synonyms: Aethomys; lehocla. Type locality: Cape of Good Hope: restricted to Witwater. Additional references: Chimimba (Reference Chimimba2001); Chimimba and Dippenaar (Reference Chimimba and Dippenaar1994); Roberts (Reference Roberts1926, Reference Roberts1946); Russo (Reference Russo2009); Smith (Reference Smith1849); Visser and Robinson (Reference Visser and Robinson1986). |  |
| Mus Linnaeus, Reference Linnaeus1758. Systema Naturae Regnum Animale, 10th edition, 1: 59. Additional references: Britton-Davidian et al. (Reference Britton-Davidian, Robinson and Veyrunes2012); Veyrunes et al. (Reference Veyrunes, Britton-Davidian and Robinson2005). |  |
| †Mus major Broom, ?unpublished. Type locality: Bolt’s Farm. Comments: Nomen nudum? |  |
| Mus minutoides Smith, Reference Smith1834. S. Afr. Quart. J., Series 2, 2: 147. Southern African pygmy mouse. Synonyms: Leggada. Type locality: Cape Town. Additional references: Britton-Davidian et al. (Reference Britton-Davidian, Robinson and Veyrunes2012). Comments: some of the specimens from the more arid areas may be M. indutus, but see comment under that species. |  |
| Mus triton Thomas, Reference Thomas1909. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Series 8, 4: 548. Grey-bellied mouse. Additional references: Britton-Davidian et al. (Reference Britton-Davidian, Robinson and Veyrunes2012). |  |
| Myomyscus verreauxii Smith, Reference Smith1834. S. Afr. Quart. J., Series 2, 2: 146. Verreaux’s white-footed rat. Synonyms: Praomys; Myomys; colonus. Type locality: near Cape Town. Additional references: Grubb (Reference Grubb2004); Smith (Reference Smith1849). |  |
| Pelomys fallax Peters, Reference Peters1852. Bericht Verhandl. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 17: 275. East African pelomys. Type locality: Caia District. |  |
| Rhabdomys Thomas, Reference Thomas1916. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Series 8, 18: 69. |  |
| Rhabdomys dilectus De Winton, Reference De Winton1896. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1896: 803. Mesic four-striped grass rat. Type locality: Mazoe. Comments: Rhabdomys dilectus is again regarded (Wilson and Reeder Reference Wilson and Reeder2005) as a separate species from R. pumilio, but at the time that most of the fossil material was identified only R. pumilio was recognised as a full species. No fossil material has yet been identified as R. dilectus, but see comments under R. pumilio below. | |
| Rhabdomys pumilio Sparrman, Reference Sparrman1784. K. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl.: 236. Xeric four-striped grass rat. Type locality: Slangrivier: east of Knysna. Additional references: Castiglia et al. (Reference Castiglia, Solano and Makundi2012); Le Grange et al. (Reference Le Grange, Bastos, Brettschneider and Chimimba2015); Roberts (Reference Roberts1946); Smith (Reference Smith1849); Wroughton (Reference Wroughton1905). Comments: samples recorded here should be regarded as belonging to Rhabdomys pumilio sensu lato and are very likely to include some material that would currently be regarded as R. dilectus. |  |
| Thallomys Thomas, Reference Thomas1920. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Series 9, 5: 141. |  |
| †Thallomys debruyni Broom, 1948. Ann. Transvaal Mus. 21: 35. Type locality: Taung Hrdlicka’s Cave. |  |
| Thallomys paedulcus Sundevall, Reference Sundevall1846. Ofv. K. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Forhandl. 3: 120. Synonyms: Acacia thallomys. Type locality: provisionally fixed as Crocodile Drift, Brits. Additional references: Taylor (Reference Taylor2000); Taylor et al. (Reference Taylor, Rautenbach, Gordon, Sink and Lotter1995). Comments: this material was identified as T. paedulcus at a time when only the one species was recognised, but some would now almost certainly be identified as T. nigricauda. |  |
| Zelotomys Osgood, Reference Osgood1910. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Series 10: 7. |  |
| Zelotomys woosnami Schwann, Reference Schwann1906. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1906: 108. Woosnam’s zelotomys. Type locality: Molopo River. |  |
| †Myocricetodon Lavocat, Reference Lavocat1952. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 235: 190. |  |
| †Myotomys campbelli Broom and Schepers, Reference Broom and Schepers1946. Transvaal Mus. Mem. 2: 29. Type locality: Taung. |  |
| Myotomys sloggetti Thomas, Reference Thomas1902. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Series 7, 10: 311. Rock karoo rat. Synonyms: Otomys. Type locality: Deelfontein. Additional references: Taylor et al. (Reference Taylor, Denys and Mukerjee2004). |  |
| Myotomys unisulcatus Cuvier, Reference Cuvier, Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire and Cuvier1829. In: Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire and Cuvier, Histoire Naturelle des Mammifères: 6 LX Otomys cafre. Bush karoo rat. Synonyms: Euryotis; Otomys. Type locality: Matjiesfontein. Additional references: Edwards (Reference Edwards2009); Edwards et al. (Reference Edwards, Claude, Van Vuuren and Matthee2011); Smith (Reference Smith1849); Taylor et al. (Reference Taylor, Campbell, Meester, Willan and Van Dyk1989, Reference Taylor, Denys and Mukerjee2004). |  |
| Otomys Cuvier, Reference Cuvier1825. Des Dents des Mammifères Considérées comme Caractères Zoologiques: 168. Additional references: Chevret et al. (Reference Chevret, Denys, Jaeger, Michaux and Catzeflis1993b); Maree (Reference Maree2002); Meester et al. (Reference Meester, Taylor and Confratto1992). Comments: many specimens identified as Otomys sp. were identified at a time when Myotomys was not recognised as a separate genus. For this reason, distributions that rely on material not identified to species have not been mapped, pending further identification. | |
| Otomys angoniensis Wroughton, Reference Wroughton1906. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Series 7, 18: 274. Angoni vlei rat. Additional references: Bronner and Meester (Reference Bronner and Meester1988); Taylor et al. (Reference Taylor, Denys and Mukerjee2004). |  |
| †Otomys gracilis Broom, 1937. S. Afr. J. Sci. 33: 761. Synonyms: Palaeotomys. Type locality: Schurveberg. |  |
| Otomys irroratus Brants, Reference Brants1827. Het Geslacht der Muizen door Linnaeus Opgesteld: 94. Southern African vlei rat. Synonyms: Euryotis; Mus. Type locality: Cape Town District. Additional references: Bronner et al. (Reference Bronner, Gordon and Meester1988); Engelbrecht et al. (Reference Engelbrecht, Taylor, Daniels and Rambau2011); Smith (Reference Smith1849); Taylor (Reference Taylor2000); Taylor et al. (Reference Taylor, Campbell, Meester, Willan and Van Dyk1989, Reference Taylor, Maree, Van Sandwyk, Baxter and Rambau2009). |  |
| Otomys laminatus Thomas and Schwann, Reference Thomas and Schwann1905. Abst. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1905(i)(18): 23. KwaZulu vlei rat. Type locality: Sibudeni. Additional references: Roberts (Reference Roberts1919, Reference Roberts1932). |  |
| Otomys saundersiae Roberts, Reference Roberts1929. Ann. Transvaal Mus. 13: 114. Saunders’ vlei rat. Synonyms: karoensis. Type locality: Grahamstown. Additional references: Roberts (Reference Roberts1931); Taylor et al. (Reference Taylor, Meester and Kearney1993, Reference Taylor, Maree, Van Sandwyk, Baxter and Rambau2009). |  |
| Parotomys Thomas, Reference Thomas1918. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Series 9, 2: 205. Additional references: Maree (Reference Maree2002); Meester et al. (Reference Meester, Taylor and Confratto1992). |  |
| Parotomys brantsii Smith, Reference Smith1834. S. Afr. Quart. J., Series 2, 2: 150. Brants’ whistling rat. Synonyms: Euryotis. Type locality: ‘towards the mouth of the Orange River’. Additional references: Rookmaker and Meester (Reference Rookmaker and Meester1988); Smith (Reference Smith1849); Taylor et al. (Reference Taylor, Campbell, Meester, Willan and Van Dyk1989, Reference Taylor, Denys and Mukerjee2004). |  |
| Parotomys littledalei Thomas, Reference Thomas1918. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Series 9, 2: 205. Littledale’s whistling rat. Type locality: Tuin Kenhardt. Additional references: Roberts (Reference Roberts1933); Taylor et al. (Reference Taylor, Campbell, Meester, Willan and Van Dyk1989, Reference Taylor, Denys and Mukerjee2004). |  |
| Pedetes Illiger, Reference Illiger1811. Prodromus Systematis Mammaliam et Avium: 81. |  |
| Pedetes capensis Forster, Reference Forster1778. K. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl. 39: 109. South African spring hare. Type locality: Cape of Good Hope. Additional references: Roberts (Reference Roberts1946). |  |
| †Pedetes hagenstadti Dreyer and Lyle, Reference Dreyer and Lyle1931. New Fossil Mammals and Man from South Africa: 40. Type locality: Florisbad. |  |
| Bathyergus Illiger, Reference Illiger1811. Prodromus Systematis Mammaliam et Avium: 86. Additional references: De Graaff (Reference De Graaff1965); Faulkes et al. (Reference Faulkes, Verheyen, Verheyen, Jarvis and Bennett2004). |  |
| Bathyergus janetta Thomas and Schwann, 1904, Abstr. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 2: 6. Namaqua dune mole-rat. Type locality: Port Nolloth. Additional references: Thomas and Schwann (Reference Thomas and Schwann1904b). |  |
| Bathyergus suillus Schreber, 1782. Die Säugethiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur, mit Beschreibungen 4: 714. Cape dune mole-rat. Type locality: Cape of Good Hope. Comments: volume 4 was published in 1792 according to the version reproduced in the Biodiversity Heritage Library (www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/135004#page/137/mode/1up; accessed 19 May 2017) and ‘Der Sandmoll’ is discussed on pp. 715–716, not 714, and Mus suillus is listed on p. 932. Plate 204B appears in an undated volume containing plates 166–280 (www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/97330#page/125/mode/1up). Bennett et al. (Reference Bennett, Faulkes, Hart and Jarvis2009) give the reference for this species as Schreber, J.C.D. 1782. Die Säugthiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur, mit Beschreibungen. Supplementband III [Dritte Abtheilung: Die Beutelthiere und Rage]. Wolfgang Walther, Erlangen, Germany. This publication was not seen. |  |
| Cryptomys Gray, 1864. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1864: 124. Additional references: De Graaff (Reference De Graaff1965); Faulkes et al. (Reference Faulkes, Verheyen, Verheyen, Jarvis and Bennett2004); Ingram et al. (Reference Ingram, Burda and Honeycutt2004); Kock et al. (Reference Kock, Ingram, Frabotta, Honeycutt and Burda2006); Thomas (Reference Thomas1917). Comments: some specimens previously identified as Cryptomys sp. may be referable to Fukomys sp. as currently understood. |  |
| Cryptomys hottentotus Lesson, Reference Lesson1826. Zool. 1: 166. Southern African mole-rat. Type locality: near Paarl. Additional references: Avery (Reference Avery2004); Denys (Reference Denys1988a); Roberts (Reference Roberts1913, Reference Roberts1946). Comments: it is possible that some of the material may be referable to Fukomys damarensis, which was not recognised as a separate species when many of the samples were identified. |  |
| †Cryptomys robertsi Broom, 1937. S. Afr. J. Sci. 33: 760. Type locality: Schurveberg. Comments: it has been suggested that this taxon is inseparable from Georychus capensis (Avery, Reference Avery1998). |  |
| Georychus Illiger, Reference Illiger1811. Prodromus Systematis Mammaliam et Avium: 87. Additional references: De Graaff (Reference De Graaff1965); De Winton (Reference De Winton1898); Faulkes et al. (Reference Faulkes, Verheyen, Verheyen, Jarvis and Bennett2004); Gray (Reference Gray1864a); Thomas (Reference Thomas1895b, Reference Thomas1917). Comments: these should almost certainly be assigned to G. capensis. |  |
| Georychus capensis Pallas, Reference Pallas1778. Njova. Spec. Quad. Glir. Ord. 76: 172. Cape mole-rat. Type locality: Cape of Good Hope. Additional references: Bennett et al. (Reference Bennett, Maree and Faulkes2006, Reference Bennett, Jarvis, Visser, Maree, Child, Roxburgh, Do Linh San, Raimondo and Davies-Mostert2016). Comments: the Holocene occurrence in 2032 may be considered unlikely: this taxon is currently endemic to South Africa (Maree et al. Reference Maree, Visser, Bennett and Jarvis2017), whereas Cryptomys hottentotus occurs in southern Zimbabwe (Maree and Faulkes Reference Maree and Faulkes2016). |  |
| Hystrix africaeaustralis Peters, Reference Peters1852. Reise nach Mossambique, Saugethiere: 170. Cape porcupine. Additional references: Maguire (Reference Maguire1976). |  |
| Hystrix cristata Linnaeus, Reference Linnaeus1758. Systema Naturae Regnum Animale, 10th edition, 1: 56. Crested porcupine. Additional references: Maguire (Reference Maguire1976). |  |
| †Hystrix makapanensis Greenwood, Reference Greenwood1958. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Series 13, 1: 365. Synonyms: major. Type locality: Limeworks Makapansgat. Additional references: Adams (Reference Adams2012a); Greenwood (Reference Greenwood1955). |  |
| Petromus Smith, Reference Smith1831. S. Afr. Quart. J. 1(5): 10 |  |
| Petromus typicus Smith, Reference Smith1831. S. Afr. Quart. J. 1(5): 11. Dassie rat. Type locality: ‘Mountains towards mouth of Orange River’. Additional references: Roberts (Reference Roberts1938, Reference Roberts1946); Smith (Reference Smith1849). |  |
| Thryonomys Fitzinger, Reference Fitzinger1867. Sitzb. Akad. Wiss. Wein 56(1): 141. |  |
| Thryonomys swinderianus Temminck, Reference Temminck1827. Monographies de Mammalogie 1: 248. Greater cane rat. Additional references: Van der Merwe (Reference Van der Merwe2007). |  |
| Bunolagus monticularis Thomas, Reference Thomas1903. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Series 7, 11: 78. Riverine rabbit. Synonyms: Lepus. Type locality: Deelfontein. Additional references: Robinson and Dippenaar (Reference Robinson and Dippenaar1987); Robinson and Matthee (Reference Robinson and Matthee2005); Robinson and Skinner (Reference Robinson and Skinner1983). |  |
| Lepus Linnaeus, Reference Linnaeus1758. Systema Naturae Regnum Animale, 10th edition, 1: 57. Additional references: Robinson and Dippenaar (Reference Robinson and Dippenaar1987); Robinson and Matthee (Reference Robinson and Matthee2005). |  |
| Lepus capensis Linnaeus, Reference Linnaeus1758. Systema Naturae Regnum Animale, 10th edition, 1: 58. Cape hare. Type locality: Cape of Good Hope. Additional references: Roberts (Reference Roberts1932). |  |
| Lepus saxatilis Cuvier, Reference Cuvier1823. Dict. Sci. Nat. 26: 309. Scrub hare. Type locality: ‘à trois journées au nord du cap de Bonne-Espérance’ (north of Cape of Good Hope). Additional references: Kolbe (Reference Kolbe1948); Roberts (Reference Roberts1932); Robinson and Dippenaar (Reference Robinson and Dippenaar1983). |  |
| Pronolagus Lyon, Reference Lyon1904. Smithson. Misc. Coll. 45: 416. Additional references: Robinson and Matthee (Reference Robinson and Matthee2005). |  |
| Pronolagus crassicaudatus Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Reference Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire1832. Mag. Zool. Paris 2: cl. 1, pl. 9 and text. Natal red rock hare. Synonyms: Oryctolagus. Type locality: ‘Port Natal’ (Durban). |  |
| Pronolagus randensis Jameson, Reference Jameson1907. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Series 7, 20: 404. Jameson’s red rock hare. Type locality: ‘Observatory Kopje Johannesburg’. |  |
| Pronolagus rupestris Smith, Reference Smith1834. S. Afr. Quart. J., Series 2, 2: 174. Smith’s red rock hare. Synonyms: crassicaudatus. Type locality: Probably Van Rhynsdorp District. Additional references: Roberts (Reference Roberts1938). |  |
| Atelerix frontalis Smith, Reference Smith1831. S. Afr. Quart. J. 1(5): 10, 29. Southern African hedgehog. Synonyms: Erinaceus capensis. Type locality: northern parts of the Graaff Reinet district. Additional references: Smith (Reference Smith1830, 1838, Reference Smith1849). |  |
| †Erinaceus broomi Butler and Greenwood, Reference Butler and Greenwood1973. Foss. Vert. Afr. 3: 7–42. Synonyms: Atelerix major. Type locality: Bolt’s Farm (A. major). Additional references: Broom (Reference Broom1937b, Reference Broom1948a). |  |
| Crocidura Wagler, Reference Wagler1832. Isis von Oken 25: 275. Additional references: Butler et al. (Reference Butler, Thorpe and Greenwood1989); Jenkins et al. (Reference Jenkins, Ruedi and Catzeflis1998); Meester (Reference Meester1953a, Reference Meester1961b, Reference Meester1963); Meester et al. (Reference Meester, Richardson and Work1985). |  |
| Crocidura cyanea Duvernoy, Reference Duvernoy1838. Mem. Soc. Hist. Nat. Strasbourg 2: 2. Reddish-grey musk shrew. Type locality: Citrusdal Citrusdal fide Shortridge (Reference Shortridge1942: 27). |  |
| Crocidura flavescens Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Reference Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire1827. Dict. Class. Hist. Nat. 11: 324. Greater red musk shrew. Synonyms: Sorex; capensis. Type locality: King William’s Town. Additional references: Smith (Reference Smith1849). |  |
| Crocidura fuscomurina Heuglin, Reference Heuglin1865. Nov. Acta Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. 32: 36. Bicolored musk shrew. Synonyms: bicolor. Additional references: Hutterer (Reference Hutterer1983). |  |
| Crocidura hirta Peters, Reference Peters1852. Reise nach Mossambique, Saugethiere: 78. Lesser red musk shrew. Type locality: Tete. |  |
| Crocidura mariquensis Smith, 1844. Illustrations of the Zoology of South Africa: pl. 44, fig. 1. Swamp musk shrew. Synonyms: Sorex. Type locality: near Marico River. Additional references: Dippenaar (Reference Dippenaar1977, Reference Dippenaar1979); Meester (Reference Meester1964b); Smith (Reference Smith1849). Comments: citation as given in Wilson and Reeder (Reference Wilson and Reeder2005). There is clearly considerable uncertainty surrounding the publication dates of Smith’s Illustrations of South African Zoology (Low and Evenhuis Reference Low and Evenhuis2014). |  |
| Crocidura silacea Thomas, 1895. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Series 6, 16: 53. Lesser grey-brown musk shrew. Type locality: Figtree Creek. |  |
| †Crocidura taungensis Broom, 1948. Ann. Transvaal Mus. 21: 10. Synonyms: Suncus. Type locality: Taung. Additional references: Meester (Reference Meester1954). |  |
| Suncus Ehrenberg, Reference Ehrenberg, Hemprich and Ehrenberg1832. In Hemprich and Ehrenberg, Symbolae Physicae, seu, Icones et Descriptiones 2: k. Additional references: Jenkins et al. (Reference Jenkins, Ruedi and Catzeflis1998); Meester (Reference Meester1953a); Meester and Lambrechts (Reference Meester and Lambrechts1971); Meester and Meyer (Reference Meester and Meyer1972); Quérouil et al. (Reference Quérouil, Hutterer and Barrière2001). Comments: there is doubt about authorship of this series of publications. See discussion on www.zoonomen.net/mammtax/cit/jours.html. |  |
| Suncus infinitesimus Heller, Reference Heller1912. Smithson. Misc. Coll. 60(12): 5. Least dwarf shrew. |  |
| Suncus lixus Thomas, Reference Thomas1897. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1897: 930. Greater dwarf shrew. Synonyms: Crocidura. |  |
| Suncus varilla Thomas, Reference Thomas1895. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Series 6, 16: 54. Lesser dwarf shrew. Type locality: East London. Additional references: Roberts (Reference Roberts1946). |  |
| Myosorex Gray, Reference Gray1837. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1837: 124. Additional references: Matthews and Stynder (Reference Matthews and Stynder2011b); Meester (Reference Meester1953a, Reference Meester1958); Quérouil et al. (Reference Quérouil, Hutterer and Barrière2001); Willows-Munro and Matthee (Reference Willows-Munro and Matthee2009). |  |
| Myosorex cafer Sundevall, Reference Sundevall1846. Ofv. K. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Forhandl. 3: 119. Dark-footed mouse shrew. Synonyms: tenuis. Type locality: ‘E Caffraria interiore et Port-Natal’. Additional references: Avery (Reference Avery1998). |  |
| †Myosorex robinsoni Meester, Reference Meester1954. Ann. Transvaal Mus. 22: 272. Type locality: Swartkrans. Additional references: Butler (Reference Butler, Werdelin and Sanders2010); Butler and Greenwood (Reference Butler and Greenwood1979). |  |
| Myosorex varius Smuts, Reference Smuts1832. Dissertation Zoologica, Ennumerationem Mammalium Capensium: 108. Forest shrew. Synonyms: Sorex. Type locality: Algoa Bay, Port Elizabeth. Additional references: Roberts (Reference Roberts1924); Smith (Reference Smith1849). |  |
| Rhinolophus Lacépède, Reference Lacépède1799. Tableau des Divisions, Sous-divisions, Ordres, et Genres des Mammifères: 15. Additional references: Andersen (Reference Andersen1905); Taylor et al. (Reference Taylor, Stoffberg and Monadjem2012). Comments: Lacépède, Reference Lacépède1799 not seen. Citation according to Wilson and Reeder (Reference Wilson and Reeder2005). |  |
| Rhinolophus blasii Peters, Reference Peters1866. Monatsb. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1866: 17. Blasius’ horseshoe bat. |  |
| Rhinolophus capensis Lichtenstein, Reference Lichtenstein1823. Verzeichniss der Doubletten des zoologischen Museums der Königl. Universität zu Berlin: 4. Cape horseshoe bat. Type locality: Cape of Good Hope. |  |
| Rhinolophus clivosus Cretzschmar, Reference Cretzschmar1826. In: Rüppell, Atlas zu der Reise im nördlichen Afrika Zoologie: 47. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire’s horseshoe bat. Synonyms: geoffroyi. |  |
| Rhinolophus darlingi Andersen, Reference Andersen1905. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Series 7, 15: 70. Darling’s horseshoe. Type locality: Mazoe. |  |
| Rhinolophus hildebrandtii Peters, Reference Peters1878. Monatsb. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1878: 195. Hildebrandt’s horseshoe bat. Additional references: Taylor et al. (Reference Taylor, Stoffberg and Monadjem2012). |  |
| Hipposideros Gray, Reference Gray1831. Zoological Miscellany 1: 37. |  |
| Hipposideros caffer Sundevall, Reference Sundevall1846. Ofv. K. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Forhandl. 3: 118. Sundevall’s leaf-nosed bat. |  |
| Hipposideros gigas Wagner, Reference Wagner1845. Arch. Naturgesch. 11(1): 148. Giant leaf-nosed bat. |  |
| Hipposideros vittatus Peters, Reference Peters1852. Naturwissenschaftliche Reise nach Mossambique: 32. Striped leaf-nosed bat. Synonyms: Rhinolophus; commersoni. Additional references: Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire (Reference Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire1813); Thomas (Reference Thomas1904a). |  |
| Nycteris Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire and Cuvier, Reference Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire and Cuvier1795. Mag. Encyclop. 2: 186. |  |
| Nycteris thebaica Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Reference Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire1818. Description des Mammifères qui se trouvent en Egypte 2: 119. Egyptian slit-faced bat. Additional references: Gray et al. (Reference Gray, Fenton and Van Cakenberghe1999). |  |
| Taphozous Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Reference Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire1818. Description des Mammifères qui se trouvent en Egypte 2: 113. |  |
| Tadarida Rafinesque, Reference Rafinesque1814. Précis des découvertes et travaux somiologiques: 55. |  |
| Tadarida aegyptiaca Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Reference Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire1818. Description des Mammifères qui se trouvent en Egypte 2: 128. Egyptian free-tailed bat. |  |
| Eptesicus Rafinesque, Reference Rafinesque1820. Ann. Nature 1: 2. Comments: distribution of material assigned only to genus has been disregarded because it may well belong to Neoromicia as presently understood. | |
| Eptesicus hottentotus Smith, Reference Smith1833. S. Afr. Quart. J., Series 2, 1: 59. Long-tailed serotine. Type locality: Uitenhage. Additional references: Hill and Harrison (Reference Hill and Harrison1987); Kearney et al. (Reference Kearney, Volleth, Contrafatto and Taylor2002). |  |
| Glauconycteris variegata Tomes, Reference Tomes1861. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1861: 36. Variegated butterfly bat. |  |
| Neoromicia capensis Smith, Reference Smith1829. Zool. J. 4: 435. Cape serotine. Additional references: Riccucci and Lanza (Reference Riccucci and Lanza2008). |  |
| Scotophilus nigrita Schreber, Reference Schreber1775. Die Säugethiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur, mit Beschreibungen 1: 171. Giant house bat. Synonyms: dinganii. Additional references: Robbins (Reference Robbins1978); Robbins et al. (Reference Robbins, De Vree and Cakenberghe1985). Comments: volume 1 was published in 1775 (not 1774) according to the version obtained from the University of Heidelberg (http://digi.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/schreber1875textbd) and Vespertilio nigrita is listed on p. 190. Plate 58 appears in an undated volume containing plates 1–80 (www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/97331#page/279/mode/1up). |  |
| Cistugo lesueuri Roberts, Reference Roberts1919. Ann. Transvaal Mus. 6: 112. Lesueur’s wing-gland bat. Synonyms: Myotis. Type locality: Lormarins. Additional references: Kearney and Van Schalkwyk (Reference Kearney and Van Schalkwyk2009). |  |
| Myotis Kaup, Reference Kaup1829. Skizz. Entwickel.-Gesch. Nat. Syst. Europ. Thierwelt 1: 106. Additional references: Gray (Reference Gray1842). |  |
| Myotis tricolor Temminck, Reference Temminck1832. In: Smuts, Dissertation Zoologica, Ennumerationem Mammalium Capensium: 106. Temminck’s myotis. Type locality: Cape Town. Additional references: Kearney et al. (Reference Kearney, Volleth, Contrafatto and Taylor2002). |  |
| Myotis welwitschii Gray, Reference Gray1866. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1866: 211. Welwitsch’s myotis. Synonyms: Scotophilus. Additional references: Gray (Reference Gray1866); Ratcliffe (Reference Ratcliffe2002). |  |
| Miniopterus Bonaparte, 1837. Iconografia della Fauna Italica 1: fasc. 20. Additional references: Miller-Butterworth et al. (Reference Miller-Butterworth, Murphy and O’Brien2007). |  |
| Miniopterus schreibersii Kuhl, Reference Kuhl1817. Die Deutschen Fledermäuse: 14. Schreibers’s long-fingered bat. Additional references: Miller-Butterworth et al. (Reference Miller-Butterworth, Eick, Jacobs, Schoeman and Harley2005); Smith (Reference Smith1849). Comments: some of the material would perhaps now be assigned to Miniopterus natalensis, which was previously considered to be a subspecies of M. schreibersii. |  |
| Smutsia Gray, 1865. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1865: 360. Synonyms: Manis. Additional references: Gaudin et al. (Reference Gaudin, Emry and Wible2009). |  |
| Smutsia temminckii Smuts, Reference Smuts1832. Dissertation Zoologica, Ennumerationem Mammalium Capensium: 54. Ground pangolin. Synonyms: Manis. Type locality: Latakou = Litakun. Additional references: Gaudin (Reference Gaudin, Werdelin and Sanders2010); Gaudin et al. (Reference Gaudin, Emry and Wible2009); Gray (Reference Gray1865b); Smith (Reference Smith1849); Sundevall (Reference Sundevall1842). |  |
| Acinonyx jubatus Schreber, Reference Schreber1775. Die Säugethiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur, mit Beschreibungen 2(14): pl. 105 [1775], also see text 3 (22): 392 [1777]. Cheetah. Type locality: Cape of Good Hope. Additional references: Krausman and Morales (Reference Krausman and Morales2005). Comments: citation according to Wilson and Reeder (Reference Wilson and Reeder2005). Volume 3 was published in 1778 according to the version reproduced in the Biodiversity Heritage Library (www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/135003#page/120/mode/1up) and Felis jubata is listed on p. 586. Plate 105 appears in an undated volume containing plates 81–165 (www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/97341#page/107/mode/1up). |  |
| Caracal caracal Schreber, 1776. Die Säugethiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur, mit Beschreibungen 3(16): pl. 110 [1776], see also text 3(24): 413, 587 [1777]. Caracal. Synonyms: Felis. Type locality: Table Mountain, near Cape Town. Additional references: Roberts (Reference Roberts1926); Werdelin and Peigné (Reference Werdelin, Peigné, Werdelin and Sanders2010). Comments: citation according to Wilson and Reeder (Reference Wilson and Reeder2005). Volume 3 was published in 1778 according to the version reproduced in the Biodiversity Heritage Library (www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/135003#page/141/mode/1up) and Felis caracal is listed on p. 587. Plate 110 appears in an undated volume containing plates 81–165 (www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/97341#page/131/mode/1up). |  |
| †Dinofelis aronoki Werdelin and Lewis, Reference Werdelin and Lewis2001. Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 132: 239, 250. Synonyms: Therailurus. Additional references: Hemmer (Reference Hemmer1965); Lacruz et al. (Reference Lacruz, Turner and Berger2006); O’Regan and Menter (Reference O’Regan and Menter2009); O’Regan and Steininger (Reference O’Regan and Steininger2017). Comments: the material from Cooper’s was originally assigned to D. piveteaui (Ewer Reference Ewer1955c) by O’Regan and Menter (Reference O’Regan and Menter2009). |  |
| Dinofelis barlowi Broom, 1937. S. Afr. J. Sci. 33: 757. Synonyms: Machaerodus; Megatereon; Therailurus; darti; transvaalensis. Type locality: Sterkfontein. Additional references: Collings (Reference Collings1973); Collings et al. (Reference Collings, Cruickshank, Maguire and Randall1976); Cooke (Reference Cooke1991); Ewer (Reference Ewer1955c, Reference Ewer1957a); Hemmer (Reference Hemmer1965); Lacruz et al. (Reference Lacruz, Turner and Berger2006). |  |
| †Dinofelis piveteaui Ewer, 1955. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 125: 588. Synonyms: Therailurus. Additional references: Piveteau (Reference Piveteau1948). |  |
| Felis Linnaeus, Reference Linnaeus1758. Systema Naturae Regnum Animale, 10th edition, 1: 41. Comments: material identified as Felis sp. has not been mapped because, in many cases, this identification included what are currently ascribed to other genera such as Leptailurus and Caracal. | |
| †Felis crassidens Broom, Reference Broom and Robinson1948. Ann. Transvaal Mus. 21: 14. Type locality: Kromdraai. |  |
| Felis nigripes Burchell, Reference Burchell1824. Travels in the Interior of Southern Africa 2: 592. Black-footed cat. Type locality: implied country of the ‘Bachapins’, presumably in the capital Litákun: Letárkoon. Additional references: Renard et al. (Reference Renard, Lavoie, Pitt and Larivière2015); Roberts (Reference Roberts1926). |  |
| †Felis shawi Broom, 1948. Ann. Transvaal Mus. 21(1): 14. Synonyms: Panthera. Type locality: Sterkfontein. Additional references: Ewer (Reference Ewer1956a). |  |
| Felis silvestris Schreber, 1777. Die Säugethiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur, mit Beschreibungen 3(23): 397. Wild cat. Synonyms: libyca. Additional references: Grubb (Reference Grubb2004). Comments: volume 3 was published in 1778 according to the version reproduced in the Biodiversity Heritage Library (www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/135003#page/125/mode/1up) and Felis catus is listed on p. 587. Plate 107 appears in an undated volume containing plates 81–165 (www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/97341#page/115/mode/1up). |  |
| †Homotherium crenatidens Weithofer, Reference Weithofer1889. Jahrbuch der Kaiserlich Königlichen Geologischen Reichsanstalt 39(1): 65. Synonyms: Machairodus; latidens. Comments: there appears to be disagreement as to which species of Homotherium is represented at Sterkfontein: Turner (Reference Turner1987a) considers the material to be H. crenatidens, whereas Reynolds (Reference Reynolds2010b) assigns it to H. latidens. |  |
| Leptailurus serval Schreber, 1776. Die Säugethiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur, mit Beschreibungen 3(16): pl. 108 [1776], see also text 3 (23): 407[1777]. Serval. Synonyms: Felis; spelaeus. Type locality: restricted to the ‘Cape region of South Africa’. Additional references: Werdelin and Peigné (Reference Werdelin, Peigné, Werdelin and Sanders2010). Comments: citation according to Wilson and Reeder (Reference Wilson and Reeder2005). Volume 3 was published in 1778 according to the version reproduced in the Biodiversity Heritage Library (www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/135003#page/135/mode/1up) and Felis serval is listed on p. 587. Plate 107 appears in an undated volume containing plates 81–165 (www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/97341#page/125/mode/1up). |  |
| †Megantereon gracile Broom, 1948. Ann. Transvaal Mus. 21: 11. Type locality: Sterkfontein. |  |
| †Megantereon whitei Broom, 1937. S. Afr. J. Sci. 33: 756. Synonyms: Felis; cultridens. Type locality: Schurveberg. Additional references: Broom (Reference Broom1939c, Reference Broom1946); Hartstone-Rose et al. (Reference Hartstone-Rose, De Ruiter, Berger and Churchill2007); Turner (Reference Turner1987b); Werdelin and Peigné (Reference Werdelin, Peigné, Werdelin and Sanders2010). |  |
| Panthera leo Linnaeus, Reference Linnaeus1758. Systema Naturae Regnum Animale, 10th edition, 1: 41. Lion. Additional references: Haas et al. (Reference Haas, Hatssen and Krausman2005); Lacruz (Reference Lacruz2009). |  |
| Panthera pardus Linnaeus, Reference Linnaeus1758. Systema Naturae Regnum Animale, 10th edition, 1: 41. Leopard. Additional references: Ewer (Reference Ewer1956a). |  |
| †Atilax mesotes Ewer, 1956. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 126: 259–274. Synonyms: Herpestes. |  |
| Atilax paludinosus Cuvier, Reference Cuvier, Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire and Cuvier1829. Le Règne Animal distribué d’après son Organisation, Nouvelle édition, 1: 158. Marsh mongoose. Synonyms: Herpestes. Type locality: Cape of Good Hope. Additional references: Baker (Reference Baker1992); Cuvier (Reference Cuvier, Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire and Cuvier1824). |  |
| †Crossarchus transvaalensis Broom, 1937. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Series 10, 20: 512. Type locality: Bolt’s Farm. Additional references: Broom (Reference Broom1939c); Werdelin and Peigné (Reference Werdelin, Peigné, Werdelin and Sanders2010). |  |
| Cynictis penicillata Cuvier, Reference Cuvier, Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire and Cuvier1829. Le Règne Animal distribué d’après son Organisation, Nouvelle édition 1: 158. Yellow mongoose. Synonyms: lepturus; ogilbyii. Type locality: restricted to ‘Uitenhage, CP’. Additional references: Ewer (Reference Ewer1956a, Reference Ewer1957a); Lundholm (Reference Lundholm1954); Roberts (Reference Roberts1932); Smith (Reference Smith1849); Taylor and Meester (Reference Taylor and Meester1993). |  |
| Galerella pulverulenta Wagner, Reference Wagner1839. Gelehrte. Anz. I. K. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. München 9: 426. Cape grey mongoose. Type locality: Cape of Good Hope. Additional references: Cavallini (Reference Cavallini1992); Lynch (Reference Lynch1981). |  |
| Galerella sanguinea Rüppell, Reference Rüppell1835. Neue Wirbelthiere zu der Fauna von Abyssinien gehörig. 1: 27. Slender mongoose. Synonyms: Herpestes sanguineus; punctulatus. Additional references: Gray (Reference Gray1849); Roberts (Reference Roberts1932); Taylor (Reference Taylor1975). |  |
| Herpestes Illiger, Reference Illiger1811. Prodromus Systematis Mammaliam et Avium: 135. Additional references: Hendey (Reference Hendey1973a); Werdelin and Peigné (Reference Werdelin, Peigné, Werdelin and Sanders2010). Comments: this genus has not been mapped because material was identified at a time when Galerella, as currently understood, was not recognised as a separate genus. | |
| Herpestes ichneumon Linnaeus, Reference Linnaeus1758. Systema Naturae Regnum Animale, 10th edition, 1: 43. Egyptian mongoose. Synonyms: Ichneumon ratlamuchi; Herpestes badius. Additional references: Smith (1838, Reference Smith1849). |  |
| Ichneumia albicauda Cuvier, Reference Cuvier, Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire and Cuvier1829. Le Règne Animal distribué d’après son Organisation, Nouvelle édition, 1: 158. White-tailed mongoose. Additional references: Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire (Reference Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire1837); Taylor (Reference Taylor1972). |  |
| Mungos mungo Gmelin, Reference Gmelin1788. In: Linnaeus, Systema Naturae, 13th edition, 1: 84. Banded mongoose. Type locality: believed to be eastern part of South Africa, (former) Cape Province. |  |
| Rhynchogale Thomas, Reference Thomas1894. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1894: 139 |  |
| †Suricata major Hendey, Reference Hendey1974. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. 63: 267. Type locality: Elandsfontein. |  |
| Suricata suricatta Schreber, 1776. Die Säugethiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur, mit Beschreibungen: pl. 117 [1776]. Meerkat. Type locality: restricted to ‘Deelfontein’. Additional references: Van Staaden (Reference Van Staaden1994). Comments: citation according to Wilson and Reeder (Reference Wilson and Reeder2005). Version of text volume 3 at (www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/135003#page/5/mode/1up) is dated 1778, while the volume in which the plate appears is undated (www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/97341#page/1/mode/1up). |  |
| †Lycyaenops silberbergi Broom and Schepers, Reference Broom and Schepers1946. Transvaal Mem. Mus. 2: 83. Synonyms: Chasmaporthetes; Lycyaena. Type locality: Sterkfontein. Additional references: Broom (Reference Broom1948a); Werdelin and Peigné (Reference Werdelin, Peigné, Werdelin and Sanders2010). |  |
| †Chasmaporthetes nitidula Ewer, 1955. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 124: 842. Synonyms: Euryboas; Lycyaeon. Type locality: Sterkfontein. Additional references: Hendey (Reference Hendey1978a). |  |
| Crocuta Kaup, Reference Kaup1828. Oken’s Isis. Encyclop. Zeit. 21(11): col. 1145 |  |
| Crocuta crocuta Erxleben, Reference Erxleben1777. Systema Regni Animales per Classes 1: 578. Spotted hyaena. Synonyms: spelaea; venustula. Additional references: Broom (Reference Broom1939c); Ewer (Reference Ewer1955a); Turner (Reference Turner1984); Werdelin and Solounias (Reference Werdelin and Solounias1991). |  |
| †Crocuta ultra Ewer, Reference Ewer1954. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 124: 570. Type locality: Kromdraai. |  |
| Hyaena hyaena Linnaeus, Reference Linnaeus1758. Systema Naturae Regnum Animale, 10th edition, 1: 40. Striped hyaena. Synonyms: striata. Additional references: Turner (Reference Turner1988). |  |
| †Pachycrocuta brevirostris Gervais, 1850. Zool. Paléontol. Françaises 1: 122. Synonyms: Hyaena bellax. Additional references: Alba et al. (Reference Alba, Vinuesa and Madurell-Malapeira2015); Ewer (Reference Ewer1954, Reference Ewer1956b); Mutter et al. (Reference Mutter, Berger and Schmid2001); Turner and Antón (Reference Turner and Antón1996); Werdelin and Peigné (Reference Werdelin, Peigné, Werdelin and Sanders2010). Comments: according to Alba et al. (Reference Alba, Vinuesa and Madurell-Malapeira2015), this taxon has long been incorrectly attributed to Aymard since his 1846 paper neither describes nor names the taxon. |  |
| Parahyaena brunnea Thunberg, Reference Thunberg1820. K. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl., Series 3, 8: 59. Brown hyaena. Synonyms: Hyaena. Type locality: Cape of Good Hope. Additional references: Grubb (Reference Grubb2004); Hendey (Reference Hendey1973a); Mills (Reference Mills1982); Werdelin and Peigné (Reference Werdelin, Peigné, Werdelin and Sanders2010). |  |
| Proteles cristata Sparrman, Reference Sparrman1783. Resa Goda-Hopps-Udden, Soedra Pol-kretsen Och Omkring Jordklotet: 581. Aardwolf. Synonyms: cristatus; lalandii. Type locality: listed as ‘Near Little Fish River, Somerset East’. |  |
| †Proteles transvaalensis Hendey, 1974. Ann. Transvaal Mus. 29(3): 35. Type locality: Swartkrans. |  |
| †Civettictis braini Fourvel, Reference Fourvel2018. C. R. Palevol. 17: 369. Type locality: Kromdraai. |  |
| Genetta Cuvier, Reference Cuvier1817. Le Règne Animal distribué d’après son Organisation 1: 156. Additional references: De Meneses Cabral (Reference De Meneses Cabral1966); Gaubert et al. (Reference Gaubert, Taylor, Fernandes, Bruford and Veron2005). |  |
| Genetta genetta Linnaeus, Reference Linnaeus1758. Systema Naturae Regnum Animale, 10th edition, 1: 45. Common genet. Additional references: Gaubert et al. (Reference Gaubert, Taylor, Fernandes, Bruford and Veron2005); Larivière and Calzada (Reference Larivière and Calzada2001). |  |
| Genetta maculata Gray, Reference Gray1830. Spicil. Zool. 2: 9. Rusty-spotted genet. Additional references: Crawford-Cabral and Fernandes (Reference Crawford-Cabral, Fernandes, Denys, Granjon and Poulet2001); Gaubert et al. (Reference Gaubert, Tranier and Veron2003a, Reference Gaubert, Tranier and Veron2003b, Reference Gaubert, Taylor, Fernandes, Bruford and Veron2005); Grubb (Reference Grubb2004). |  |
| Genetta tigrina Schreber, 1776. Die Säugethiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur, mit Beschreibungen (3)17: pl. 114 [1776]; see also text, 3(25): 425 [1777]. Cape genet. Type locality: Cape of Good Hope. Additional references: Gaubert et al. (Reference Gaubert, Taylor, Fernandes, Bruford and Veron2005); Grubb (Reference Grubb2004). Comments: citation according to Wilson and Reeder (Reference Wilson and Reeder2005). Volume 3 was published in 1778 according to the version reproduced in the Biodiversity Heritage Library (www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/135003#page/153/mode/1up) and Viverra tigrina is listed on p. 587. Plate 114 appears in an undated volume containing plates 81–165 (www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/97341#page/147/mode/1up). |  |
| Canis Linnaeus, Reference Linnaeus1758. Systema Naturae Regnum Animale, 10th edition, 1: 38. Additional references: Werdelin and Peigné (Reference Werdelin, Peigné, Werdelin and Sanders2010). |  |
| Canis adustus Sundevall, Reference Sundevall1846. Ofv. K. Vet.-Akad. Forhandl. 3: 121. Side-striped jackal. Type locality: ‘Magaliesberg’. |  |
| †Canis antiquus Broom, 1937. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Series 10, 20: 511. Synonyms: Thos. Type locality: Sterkfontein. Additional references: Broom (Reference Broom1939c); Ewer (Reference Ewer1956b). |  |
| †Canis atrox Broom, 1948. Ann. Transvaal Mus. 21: 19. Type locality: Kromdraai. |  |
| Canis mesomelas Schreber, Reference Schreber1775. Die Säugethiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur, mit Beschreibungen 2(14): pl. 95 [1775]; text 3(21): 370 [1776], 586 [1777]. Black-backed jackal. Type locality: Cape of Good Hope. Comments: citation according to Wilson and Reeder (Reference Wilson and Reeder2005). Volume 3 was published in 1778 according to the version reproduced in the Biodiversity Heritage Library (www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/135003#page/98/mode/1up) and Canis mesomelas is listed on p. 586. Plate 95 appears in an undated volume containing plates 81–165 (www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/97341#page/57/mode/1up). |  |
| Lycaon Brookes, Reference Brookes, Griffiths, Hamilton Smith and Pidgeon1827. In Griffiths et al., The Animal Kingdom Arranged in Conformity with its Organization by the Baron Cuvier 5: 151. Additional references: Brookes (Reference Brookes1828). Comments: Griffiths et al. attribute this identification to Brookes, whose name they spell Brooks. There appears to be no formal description by Brookes himself. |  |
| Lycaon pictus Temminck, Reference Temminck1820. Ann. Gen. Sci. Phys. 3: p. 46, pl. 35. African wild dog. Type locality: ‘á la côte de Mosambique’. |  |
| †Lycaon sekowei Hartstone-Rose, Werdelin, De Ruiter, Berger and Churchill, Reference Hartstone-Rose, Werdelin, De Ruiter, Berger and Churchill2010. J. Paleontol. 84(2): 301. Type locality: Cooper’s. |  |
| †Nyctereutes terblanchei Broom, 1948. Ann. Transvaal Mus. 21(1): 21. Synonyms: Canis; Thos. Type locality: Kromdraai. Additional references: Ficcarelli et al. (Reference Ficcarelli, Torre and Turner1984); Reynolds (Reference Reynolds2012). |  |
| Otocyon megalotis Desmarest, Reference Desmarest1822. Mammalogie ou descriptions des espèces de mammifères, Part 2 (suppl.): 538. Bat-eared fox. Type locality: Cape of Good Hope. Additional references: Clark (Reference Clark2005). |  |
| †Otocyon recki Pohle, Reference Pohle and Reck1928. Wiss. Ergebnisse Oldoway-Exped, 1913 (N.F.): 45–54 |  |
| Vulpes chama Smith, Reference Smith1833. S. Afr. Quart. J., Series 2, 1: 89. Cape fox. Type locality: fixed as ‘Port Nolloth’. |  |
| †Vulpes pulcher Broom, 1939. Ann. Transvaal Mus. 19: 336. Type locality: Kromdraai. Additional references: Ewer (Reference Ewer1956b). |  |
| †Vulpes skinneri Hartstone-Rose, Kuhn, Nalla, Werdelin and Berger (Reference Hartstone-Rose, Kuhn, Nalla and Werdelin2013). Trans. R. Soc. S. Afr. 68(1): 3. Type locality: Malapa. |  |
| Aonyx Lesson, Reference Lesson1827. Manuel de Mammalogie ou l’Histoire Naturelle des Mammifères: 147. Additional references: Werdelin and Peigné (Reference Werdelin, Peigné, Werdelin and Sanders2010). |  |
| Aonyx capensis Schinz, 1821. In: Cuvier, Das Thierreich eingetheilt nach dem Bau der Thiere 1: 211. African clawless otter. Synonyms: robustus. Type locality: (former) Cape Province. Additional references: Brink (Reference Brink1987); Dreyer and Lyle (Reference Dreyer and Lyle1931); Ewer (Reference Ewer1958c); Larivière (Reference Larivière2001a). |  |
| Mellivora capensis Schreber, 1776. Die Säugethiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur, mit Beschreibungen 3(18): pl. 125 [1776], see also text 3(26): 450 [1777]. Honey badger. Synonyms: sivalensis. Type locality: Cape of Good Hope. Additional references: O’Regan et al. (Reference O’Regan, Cohen and Steininger2013). Comments: citation according to Wilson and Reeder (Reference Wilson and Reeder2005). Volume 3 was published in 1778 according to the version reproduced in the Biodiversity Heritage Library (www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/135003#page/178/mode/1up) and Viverra capensis is listed on p. 588. Plate 125 appears in an undated volume containing plates 81–165 (www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/97341#page/191/mode/1up). |  |
| Ictonyx striatus Perry, Reference Perry1811. Arcana, or, the Museum of Natural History: Containing the Most Recent Discovered Objects, Signature Y: Fig. 41 [1810]. Striped polecat. Type locality: fixed as ‘Cape of Good Hope’. Additional references: Larivière (Reference Larivière2002); Roberts (Reference Roberts1932). |  |
| Poecilogale albinucha Gray, Reference Gray1864. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1864: 69, pl. X. African striped weasel. Synonyms: Ictonyx. Type locality: fixed as ‘Cape Colony’. Additional references: Larivière (Reference Larivière2001b); Roberts (Reference Roberts1931); Thomas (Reference Thomas1883). |  |
| †Prepoecilogale bolti Cooke, Reference Cooke1985. S. Afr. J. Sci. 81: 618–619. Synonyms: Ictonyx; Propoecilogale. Type locality: Bolt’s Farm. Additional references: O’Regan et al. (Reference O’Regan, Cohen and Steininger2013); Petter (Reference Petter, Leakey and Harris1987). |  |
| Equus Linnaeus, Reference Linnaeus1758. Systema Naturae Regnum Animale, 10th edition, 1: 73. Additional references: Eisenmann and Baylac (Reference Eisenmann and Baylac2000); Thackeray (Reference Thackeray2010); Wells (Reference Wells1959a). Comments: Brink (Reference Brink1994) assigned some equid material from Florisbad and Vlakkraal Thermal Springs to the subgenus Equus (Asinus). |  |
| Equus burchellii Gray, Reference Gray1824. Zool. J. 1: 247. Burchell’s zebra. Synonyms: lylei; platyconus; simplicissimus. Type locality: now identified as Little Klibbolikhonni Fontein. Additional references: Churcher (Reference Churcher1970); Churcher and Watson (Reference Churcher, Watson and Brain1993); Grubb (Reference Grubb1981); Mendrez (Reference Mendrez1966); Reynolds and Bishop (Reference Reynolds, Bishop and Mashkour2006); Van Hoepen (Reference Van Hoepen1930a). |  |
| †Equus capensis Broom, 1909. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. 7: 281. Synonyms: Kolpohippus; cawoodi; fowleri?; gigas?; harrisi; helmei; kuhni; plicatus; poweri; zietsmani. Type locality: Ysterplaat. Additional references: Bernor et al. (Reference Bernor, Armour-Chelu, Gilbert, Kaiser, Schulz, Werdelin and Sanders2010); Broom (Reference Broom1913b); Churcher (Reference Churcher1970, Reference Churcher2000, Reference Churcher2006); Churcher and Watson (Reference Churcher, Watson and Brain1993); Eisenmann (Reference Eisenmann2000); Haughton (Reference Haughton1932a); Orlando et al. (Reference Orlando, Metcalf and Alberdi2009); Van Hoepen (Reference Van Hoepen1930a); Wells (Reference Wells1940). |  |
| †Equus quagga Boddaert, Reference Boddaert1785. Elenchus Animalium 1: 160. Quagga. Type locality: locality of paralectotype now identified as Seekoei River. Additional references: Bernor et al. (Reference Bernor, Armour-Chelu, Gilbert, Kaiser, Schulz, Werdelin and Sanders2010); Churcher (Reference Churcher1970); Eisenmann and Brink (Reference Eisenmann and Brink2000); Haughton (Reference Haughton1932a); Klein and Cruz-Uribe (Reference Klein and Cruz-Uribe1999); Lundholm (Reference Lundholm1951). |  |
| †Equus sandwithi Haughton, 1932. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. 28: 419. Type locality: Usakos. |  |
| Equus zebra Linnaeus, Reference Linnaeus1758. Systema Naturae Regnum Animale, 10th edition, 1: 74. Mountain zebra. Synonyms: Hippotigris. Type locality: since restricted to Perdekop. Additional references: Bernor et al. (Reference Bernor, Armour-Chelu, Gilbert, Kaiser, Schulz, Werdelin and Sanders2010); Fraas (Reference Fraas1907); Hooijer (Reference Hooijer1945); Lundholm (Reference Lundholm1952); Penzhorn (Reference Penzhorn1988). |  |
| †Eurygnathohippus Van Hoepen, Reference Van Hoepen1930. Paleontol. Nav. Nas. Mus. Bloemfontein 2(2): 23. Synonyms: Hipparion; Stylohipparion. Additional references: Boné and Singer (Reference Boné and Singer1965); Hooijer (Reference Hooijer1975, Reference Hooijer1976). |  |
| †Eurygnathohippus cornelianus Van Hoepen, Reference Van Hoepen1930. Paleontol. Nav. Nas. Mus. Bloemfontein 2(2): 23. Synonyms: Hipparion; Stylohipparion; hipkini; libycum; sitifense in part?; steytleri. Type locality: Cornelia. Additional references: Bernor et al. (Reference Bernor, Armour-Chelu, Gilbert, Kaiser, Schulz, Werdelin and Sanders2010); Churcher (Reference Churcher1970, Reference Churcher2000); Churcher and Watson (Reference Churcher, Watson and Brain1993); Franz-Odendaal et al. (Reference Franz-Odendaal, Kaiser and Bernor2003); Pomel (Reference Pomel1897); Van Hoepen (Reference Van Hoepen1932a). Comments: the material from Hondeklip Bay was doubtfully ascribed by Pickford and Senut (Reference Pickford and Senut1997) to Hipparion sitifense, which Bernor et al. (Reference Bernor, Armour-Chelu, Gilbert, Kaiser, Schulz, Werdelin and Sanders2010) consider a nomen dubium. See also the comment under Hipparion below. |  |
| †Eurygnathohippus hooijeri Bernor and Kaiser, Reference Bernor and Kaiser2006. Mitt. Hamb. Zool. Mus. Inst. 103: 148. Synonyms: Hipparion baardi cf. Type locality: Langebaanweg. Additional references: Bernor et al. (Reference Bernor, Armour-Chelu, Gilbert, Kaiser, Schulz, Werdelin and Sanders2010); Franz-Odendaal et al. (Reference Franz-Odendaal, Kaiser and Bernor2003); Hooijer (Reference Hooijer1976); Pickford and Senut (Reference Pickford and Senut1997). |  |
| Ceratotherium simum Burchell, Reference Burchell1817. Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris 1817–1819: 97. White rhinoceros. Synonyms: Diceros; Rhinoceros; simus. Type locality: since identified as Chue Spring = Heuningvlei. Additional references: Geraads (Reference Geraads, Werdelin and Sanders2010a); Gray (Reference Gray1867); Groves (Reference Groves1972); Hooijer (Reference Hooijer1959, Reference Hooijer1973); Hooijer and Singer (Reference Hooijer and Singer1960); Smith (Reference Smith1849). |  |
| Diceros bicornis Linnaeus, Reference Linnaeus1758. Systema Naturae Regnum Animale, 10th edition, 1: 56. Black rhinoceros. Synonyms: Opsiceros simplicidens. Type locality: now identified as Cape of Good Hope. Additional references: Gray (Reference Gray1867); Hillman-Smith and Groves (Reference Hillman-Smith and Groves1994); Hooijer (Reference Hooijer1959, Reference Hooijer1973); Hooijer and Singer (Reference Hooijer and Singer1960); Scott (Reference Scott1907). |  |
| †Kolpochoerus heseloni Leakey, Reference Leakey1943. J. E. Afr. Nat. Hist. Soc. 17: 55. Synonyms: Mesochoerus. Additional references: Bender (Reference Bender1992); Bishop (Reference Bishop, Werdelin and Sanders2010); Cooke (Reference Cooke1997); Keen and Singer (Reference Keen and Singer1956); Pickford (Reference Pickford2012). |  |
| †Kolpochoerus paiceae Broom, Reference Broom1931. Rec. Albany Mus. 4: 168. Synonyms: Notochoerus. Type locality: Windsorton. Additional references: Hendey and Cooke (Reference Hendey and Cooke1985); Pickford (Reference Pickford2012). |  |
| †Mesochoerus lategani Singer and Keen, Reference Singer and Keen1955. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. 42: 170. Type locality: Elandsfontein. |  |
| †Metridiochoerus Hopwood, Reference Hopwood1926. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Series 9, 18: 266–272. Additional references: Cooke (Reference Cooke2005). |  |
| †Metridiochoerus andrewsi Hopwood, Reference Hopwood1926. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Series 9, 18: 266–272. Synonyms: Notochoerus; Tapinochoerus; capensis; meadowsi. Additional references: Bender (Reference Bender1990); Bishop (Reference Bishop, Werdelin and Sanders2010); Broom (Reference Broom1948a); Cooke (Reference Cooke1993a); Ewer (Reference Ewer1956b); Harris and White (Reference Harris and White1979); Herries et al. (Reference Herries, Adams, Kuykendall and Shaw2006); Hopwood (Reference Hopwood1926); Keen and Singer (Reference Keen and Singer1956); Pickford (Reference Pickford2012, Reference Pickford2013a, Reference Pickford2013b); Shaw (Reference Shaw1938). |  |
| †Metridiochoerus compactus Van Hoepen and Van Hoepen, Reference Van Hoepen and Van Hoepen1932. Paleontol. Nav. Nas. Mus. Bloemfontein 2(4): 53. Synonyms: Phacochoerus; Stylochoerus. Type locality: Cornelia. Additional references: Bishop (Reference Bishop, Werdelin and Sanders2010); Harris and White (Reference Harris and White1979); Hopwood (Reference Hopwood1926). |  |
| †Metridiochoerus modestus Van Hoepen and Van Hoepen, Reference Van Hoepen and Van Hoepen1932. Paleontol. Nav. Nas. Mus. Bloemfontein 2(4): 58. Synonyms: Tapinochoerus. Type locality: Cornelia. Additional references: Bishop (Reference Bishop, Werdelin and Sanders2010); Cooke (Reference Cooke1993a, Reference Cooke1994); Harris and White (Reference Harris and White1979); Hopwood (Reference Hopwood1926). |  |
| Phacochoerus Cuvier, Reference Cuvier1826. Dict. Sci. Nat. 39: 383. Comments: the Holocene material is likely to be P. africanus since this is the only species currently recognised in the sub-region. |  |
| Phacochoerus africanus Gmelin, Reference Gmelin1788. In Linnaeus, C. Systema Naturae, 13th edition, 1: 220. Common warthog. Synonyms: aethiopicus; dreyeri?; helmei; laticolumnatus; venteri. Additional references: Cooke (Reference Cooke1949b); Ewer (Reference Ewer1956b, Reference Ewer1957b); Grubb and d’Huart (Reference Grubb and d’Huart2010); Pia (Reference Pia1930). |  |
| †Phacochoerus altidens Shaw and Cooke, Reference Shaw and Cooke1940. Trans. R. Soc. S. Afr. 28(4): 296. Type locality: Pneil. |  |
| †Phacochoerus antiquus Broom, 1948. Ann. Transvaal Mus. 21: 31. Type locality: Sterkfontein. Additional references: Harris and White (Reference Harris and White1979). |  |
| †Potamochoeroides hypsodon Dale, Reference Dale1948. S. Afr. Sci. 2(5): 116. Synonyms: Metridiochoerus; Pronotochoerus; shawi. Additional references: Cooke (Reference Cooke1993a, Reference Cooke2005); Ewer (Reference Ewer1956b, Reference Ewer1958d); Pickford (Reference Pickford2013a); Pickford and Gommery (Reference Pickford and Gommery2016). |  |
| Potamochoerus larvatus Cuvier, Reference Cuvier1822. Mem. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 8: 447. Bush-pig. Synonyms: Koiropotamus; porcus. Additional references: Grubb (Reference Grubb2004); Hopwood (Reference Hopwood1934); Leakey (Reference Leakey1942). |  |
| †Notochoerus capensis Broom, Reference Broom1925. Rec. Albany Mus. 3(4): 308. Synonyms: scotti. Type locality: Longlands. Additional references: Harris and White (Reference Harris and White1979); Shaw (Reference Shaw1938). |  |
| Hippopotamus Linnaeus, Reference Linnaeus1758. Systema Naturae Regnum Animale, 10th edition, 1: 74. Additional references: Boisserie (Reference Boisserie2005). |  |
| Hippopotamus amphibius Linnaeus, Reference Linnaeus1758. Systema Naturae Regnum Animale, 10th edition, 1: 74. Common hippopotamus. Synonyms: capensis; poderosus. Additional references: Fraas (Reference Fraas1907); Hooijer and Singer (Reference Hooijer and Singer1961); Scott (Reference Scott1907); Smith (Reference Smith1849). |  |
| †Hippopotamus gorgops Dietrich, Reference Dietrich1926. Forsch. und Fortsch. 2: 121. Additional references: Dietrich (Reference Dietrich and Reck1928); Hooijer (Reference Hooijer1958); Weston and Boisserie (Reference Weston, Boisserie, Werdelin and Sanders2010). |  |
| Giraffa Brisson, Reference Brisson1762. Regnum animale in classes IX. Distributum, sive Synopsis Methodica, 2nd edition: 12, 37 |  |
| Giraffa camelopardalis Linnaeus, Reference Linnaeus1758. Systema Naturae Regnum Animale, 10th edition, 1: 66. Giraffe. Additional references: Dagg (Reference Dagg1971); Harris et al. (Reference Harris, Solounias, Geraads, Werdelin and Sanders2010); Singer and Boné (Reference Singer and Boné1960). Comments: Cooke (Reference Cooke1955) lists this taxon from Bloembosch (3318), but R.G. Klein (personal communication, 2016) is of the opinion that the specimen is probably referable to Giraffa stillei, which occurs at Langebaanweg. Recently, Helm et al. (Reference Helm, Cawthra and Cowling2018) have reported giraffe tracks from near Still Bay (3421), but this occurrence has not been plotted, pending the collection of physical remains of this taxon. |  |
| †Sivatherium maurisium Pomel, Reference Pomel1892. C.R. Hebd. Acad. Sci. Paris 114: 100. Synonyms: Griquatherium, Libytherium; cingulatum. Additional references: Churcher (Reference Churcher1974); Haughton (Reference Haughton1921); Harris et al. (Reference Harris, Solounias, Geraads, Werdelin and Sanders2010); Singer and Boné (Reference Singer and Boné1960). |  |
| †Aepyceros helmoedi Van Hoepen, 1932. Palentol. Nav. Nas. Mus. Bloemfontein 2(5): 65. Synonyms: Gazella. Type locality: Cornelia. |  |
| Aepyceros melampus Lichtenstein, Reference Lichtenstein1812. Reisen im südlichen Africa in en Jahren 1803, 1804, 1805 und 1806 2: pl. 4 opp. p. 544. Impala. Type locality: now identified as Khosis. Additional references: Reynolds (Reference Reynolds2010a). |  |
| Alcelaphus De Blainville, Reference De Blainville1816. Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris 1816: 75. |  |
| Alcelaphus buselaphus Pallas, Reference Pallas1766. P.S. Pallas Medecinae Doctoris Miscellanea Zoologica: 7. Hartebeest. |  |
| Alcelaphus caama Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Reference Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire1803. Catalogue des Mammifères du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle: 269. Red hartebeest. Synonyms: Antilope; Bubalus; bubalis; buselaphus caama. Type locality: since restricted to syntype locality Steynsburg. Additional references: Gray (Reference Gray1850a, Reference Gray1850b); Grubb (Reference Grubb2004); Hoffman (Reference Hoffman1953); Smith (Reference Smith1849). |  |
| †Alcelaphus robustus Cooke, 1949. Mem. Geol. Surv. S. Afr. 35: 20. Type locality: Larsen’s Main Workings. Comments: see Parmularius braini below. |  |
| Beatragus Heller, 1912. Smithson. Misc. Coll. 60(8): 8. Additional references: Gentry (Reference Gentry, Werdelin and Sanders2010); Vrba (Reference Vrba1974b, Reference Vrba1997). |  |
| Connochaetes Lichtenstein, Reference Lichtenstein1812. Mag. Ges. Naturf. Fr. Berlin 6: 152. Synonyms: Gorgon. |  |
| †Connochaetes antiquus Broom, 1913. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. 12: 14. Type locality: Florisbad (Hagenstad). |  |
| Connochaetes gnou Zimmermann, 1780. Geographische Geschichte des Menschen und der Allgemein Verbreiteten Vierfüssigen Thiere 2: 102. Black wildebeest. Synonyms: laticornutus. Type locality: since selected as Agterbruintjieshoogte. Additional references: Brink (Reference Brink1993, Reference Brink2005); Gentry (Reference Gentry, Werdelin and Sanders2010); Gray (Reference Gray1850a, Reference Gray1850b); Von Richter (Reference Von Richter1974). Comments: Gentry (Reference Gentry, Werdelin and Sanders2010) proposes that Connochaetes laticornutus should be retained as a distinct species. |  |
| Connochaetes taurinus Burchell, Reference Burchell1824. Travels in the Interior of Southern Africa 2: 278 (footnote). Blue wildebeest. Synonyms: Catoblepas. Type locality: Apparently ‘Kosi Fountain’, but lectotype came from ‘Chue Spring, Maadji Mtn [Klein Heuningvlei]’. Additional references: Smith (Reference Smith1849). |  |
| Damaliscus Sclater and Thomas, Reference Sclater and Thomas1894. The Book of Antelopes 1: 51. Additional references: Fraas (Reference Fraas1907). |  |
| Damaliscus lunatus Burchell, Reference Burchell1824. Travels in the Interior of Southern Africa 2: 334. Common tsessebe. Synonyms: Acronotus; Bubalus. Type locality: ‘Makkwarin’ (Matlhwareng) River. Additional references: Cotterill (Reference Cotterill2003); Gray (Reference Gray1850a, Reference Gray1850b); Groves and Grubb (Reference Groves and Grubb2011); Smith (Reference Smith1849). |  |
| †Damaliscus niro Hopwood, Reference Hopwood1936. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Series 10, 17: 640. Synonyms: Hippotragus. Additional references: Gentry (Reference Gentry1965); Thackeray and Brink (Reference Thackeray and Brink2004). |  |
| Damaliscus pygargus Pallas, Reference Pallas1767. Spicil. Zool. 1: 10. Bontebok. Synonyms: albifrons; dorcas phillipsi; dorcas; ‘hipkini’. Type locality: since restricted to Swart River. Additional references: Faith et al. (Reference Faith, Potts and Plummer2012); Gentry (Reference Gentry, Werdelin and Sanders2010); Gray (Reference Gray1850a, Reference Gray1850b); Groves and Grubb (Reference Groves and Grubb2011); Grubb (Reference Grubb2004); Vrba (Reference Vrba1997). Comments: according to Vrba (Reference Vrba1997), Wells intended to name Damaliscus ‘hipkini’, but never did. Groves and Grubb (Reference Groves and Grubb2011) propose that Damaliscus phillipsi (blesbok) be a full species separate from D. pygargus (bontebok). |  |
| †Megalotragus Van Hoepen, 1932. Paleontol. Nav. Nas. Mus. Bloemfontein 2(5): 63. |  |
| †Megalotragus priscus Broom, 1909. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. 7: 279. Synonyms: Bubalis; Connochaetes; Lunatoceras; Peleoroceras; broomi; elegans; eucornutus; grandis; helmei; kattwinkeli; mirum. Type locality: Modder River. Additional references: Brink et al. (Reference Brink, Bousman and Grün2015a); Gentry et al. (Reference Gentry, Gentry and Mayr1995); Hoffman (Reference Hoffman1953); Seeley (Reference Seeley1891); Van Hoepen (Reference Van Hoepen1932b, Reference Van Hoepen1947); Wells (Reference Wells1959b, Reference Wells1964). |  |
| †Parmularius Hopwood, Reference Hopwood1934. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Series 10, 14: 550. |  |
| †Parmularius parvus Vrba, Reference Vrba1978. Ann. Transvaal Mus. 31(3): 23. Type locality: Kromdraai. |  |
| Antidorcas Sundevall, Reference Sundevall1845. K. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl. 1845: 271. |  |
| †Antidorcas australis Hendey and Hendey, Reference Hendey and Hendey1968. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. 52(2): 56. Synonyms: marsupialis australis. Type locality: Swartklp. Additional references: Gentry (Reference Gentry, Werdelin and Sanders2010); Peters and Brink (Reference Peters and Brink1992); Vrba (Reference Vrba1973). |  |
| †Antidorcas bondi Cooke and Wells, Reference Cooke and Wells1951. S. Afr. J. Sci. 47: 207. Synonyms: Gazella. Type locality: Chelmer. Additional references: Gentry (Reference Gentry, Werdelin and Sanders2010); Plug and Peters (Reference Plug and Peters1991); Vrba (Reference Vrba1973). |  |
| Antidorcas marsupialis Zimmermann, 1780. Geographische Geschichte des Menschen und der Allgemein Verbreiteten Vierfüssigen Thiere 2: 427. Springbok Type locality: since restricted to ‘Cape Colony [Cape Province]’. Additional references: Cain et al. (Reference Cain, Krausman and Germaine2004); Gentry (Reference Gentry, Werdelin and Sanders2010); Gray (Reference Gray1850a, Reference Gray1850b); Plug and Peters (Reference Plug and Peters1991); Vrba, (Reference Vrba1970). |  |
| †Antidorcas recki Schwarz, Reference Schwarz1932. Zentr. Mineral., Geol. Paläontol. B 1932: 1. Synonyms: Gazella; wellsi. Additional references: Gentry (Reference Gentry, Werdelin and Sanders2010). |  |
| Gazella De Blainville, Reference De Blainville1816. Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris 1816: 75. Additional references: Gentry (Reference Gentry, Werdelin and Sanders2010). |  |
| †Gazella praethomsoni Arambourg, Reference Arambourg and Arambourg1947. Mission Scient. Omo 1. Géol. Anthrop. 3: 237. |  |
| †Gazella vanhoepeni Wells and Cooke, Reference Wells and Cooke1957. Palaeontol. Afr. 4: 43. Synonyms: gracilior?. Type locality: Limeworks Makapansgat. |  |
| Oreotragus oreotragus Zimmermann, Reference Zimmermann1783. Geographische Geschichte des Menschen und der Allgemein Verbreiteten Vierfüssigen Thiere 3: 269. Klipspringer. Synonyms: Palaeotragiscus longiceps; major. Type locality: now known to be False Bay. Additional references: Broom (Reference Broom1934); Gentry (Reference Gentry, Werdelin and Sanders2010); Gray (Reference Gray1850a, Reference Gray1850b); Watson and Plug (Reference Watson and Plug1995); Wells (Reference Wells1951). |  |
| Ourebia Laurillard, Reference Laurillard and d’Orbigny1842. In: d’Orbigny, Dictionnaire Universel d’Histoire Naturelle 1: 622. Type locality: none given. |  |
| Ourebia ourebi Zimmermann, Reference Zimmermann1783. Geographische Geschichte des Menschen und der Allgemein Verbreiteten Vierfüssigen Thiere 3: 268. Oribi. Type locality: since restricted to Bruintjieshoogte. Additional references: Gray (Reference Gray1850a Reference Gray1850b). |  |
| Raphicerus Smith, Reference Smith1827. In: Griffith et al., The Animal Kingdom Arranged in Conformity with its Organization by the Baron Cuvier 5: 342. Additional references: Klein (Reference Klein1976c). |  |
| Raphicerus campestris Thunberg, Reference Thunberg1811. Mem. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Petersbourg 3: 313. Steenbok. Type locality: since selected as Malmesbury District. Additional references: Gray (Reference Gray1850a Reference Gray1850b). |  |
| Raphicerus melanotis Thunberg, Reference Thunberg1811. Mem. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Petersbourg 3: 312. Cape grysbok. Type locality: since selected as Cape Peninsula. Additional references: Gray (Reference Gray1850a, Reference Gray1850b). |  |
| Raphicerus sharpei Thomas, Reference Thomas1896. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1896: 795, pl. 34. Sharpe’s grysbok. Synonyms: melanotis sharpei |  |
| †’Bos’ makapani Broom, 1937. S. Afr. J. Sci. 33: 510. Type locality: Buffalo Cave. Additional references: Gentry (Reference Gentry, Werdelin and Sanders2010). |  |
| †Miotragoceros acrae Gentry, Reference Gentry1974. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. 65(5): 146. Synonyms: Mesembriportax; Tragoportax. Type locality: Langebaanweg. Additional references: Gentry (Reference Gentry1980, Reference Gentry, Werdelin and Sanders2010). |  |
| †Simatherium kohllarseni Dietrich, Reference Dietrich1942. Palaeontographica A 94: 43–133. Additional references: Gentry (Reference Gentry, Werdelin and Sanders2010). |  |
| Syncerus Hodgson, Reference Hodgson1847. J. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, Series 2, 16: 709. Synonyms: Bos; Bubalis; Pelorovis. Additional references: Martínez-Navarro et al. (Reference Martínez-Navarro, Pérez-Claros, Palombo, Rook and Palmqvist2007). |  |
| †Syncerus antiquus Duvernoy, Reference Duvernoy1851. C. R. Hebdom. Scé. Acad. Sci. Paris 33: 597. Synonyms: Bubalis; Homoioceras; Pelorovis; Syncerus; baini. Additional references: Bate (Reference Bate1949); Gentry (Reference Gentry, Werdelin and Sanders2010); Geraads (Reference Geraads1992); Klein (Reference Klein1994a); Martínez-Navarro et al. (Reference Martínez-Navarro, Pérez-Claros, Palombo, Rook and Palmqvist2007); Pomel (Reference Pomel1893); Reck (Reference Reck1928). |  |
| Syncerus caffer Sparrman, Reference Sparrman1779. K. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl. 40: 79. African buffalo. Synonyms: Bubalis; andersoni. Type locality: now restricted to Sundays River. Additional references: Geraads (Reference Geraads1992); Scott (Reference Scott1907). |  |
| Taurotragus oryx Pallas, Reference Pallas1766. P.S. Pallas Medecinae Doctoris Miscellanea Zoologica: 9. Common eland. Synonyms: Antilope; Boselaphus; Tragelaphus; oreas. Type locality: restricted to near Cape Town. Additional references: Gray (Reference Gray1850a, Reference Gray1850b); Pappas (Reference Pappas2002); Smith (Reference Smith1849); Willows-Munro et al. (Reference Willows-Munro, Robinson and Matthee2005). |  |
| Tragelaphus De Blainville, Reference De Blainville1816. Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris 1816: 75. |  |
| Tragelaphus angasii Angas, Reference Angas1848. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1848: 89. Nyala. Type locality: ‘Hills that border: upon the northern shores of St Lucia Bay’. Additional references: Gray (Reference Gray1850a, Reference Gray1850b); Grubb (Reference Grubb2004); Willows-Munro et al. (Reference Willows-Munro, Robinson and Matthee2005). |  |
| Tragelaphus scriptus Pallas, Reference Pallas1766. P.S. Pallas Medecinae Doctoris Miscellanea Zoologica: 8. Bushbuck. Additional references: Gray (Reference Gray1850a, Reference Gray1850b); Willows-Munro et al. (Reference Willows-Munro, Robinson and Matthee2005). |  |
| Tragelaphus spekeii Speke, Reference Speke1863. Journal of the Discovery of the Source of the Nile: 223 (footnote). Sitatunga. Additional references: Grubb (Reference Grubb2004); Willows-Munro et al. (Reference Willows-Munro, Robinson and Matthee2005). |  |
| Tragelaphus strepsiceros Pallas, Reference Pallas1766. P.S. Pallas Medecinae Doctoris Miscellanea Zoologica: 9. Greater kudu. Synonyms: Damalis; Strepsiceros; capensis. Type locality: restricted to eastern part of western Cape Province. Additional references: Smith (Reference Smith1849); Willows-Munro et al. (Reference Willows-Munro, Robinson and Matthee2005). |  |
| †‘Makapania’ Wells and Cooke, Reference Wells and Cooke1957. Palaeontol. Afr. 4: 26. Type locality: Limeworks Makapansgat. Additional references: Gentry (Reference Gentry1970). |  |
| †’Makapania’ broomi Wells and Cooke, Reference Wells and Cooke1957. Palaeontol. Afr. 4: 26. Synonyms: Bos; Hippotragus; Hippotragoides; makapaani. Type locality: Limeworks Makapansgat. Additional references: Gentry (Reference Gentry1970, Reference Gentry, Werdelin and Sanders2010). |  |
| †Numidocapra arambourgi Ennouchi, Reference Ennouchi1953. C.R. Somm. Séanc. Soc. Geol. Fr., Paris, 8: 126. Synonyms: Rabaticeras. Additional references: Arambourg (Reference Arambourg1949). Comments: Ennouchi (Reference Ennouchi1953) not seen. |  |
| †Numidocapra porrocornutus Vrba, Reference Vrba1971. Ann. Transvaal Mus. 27(5): 59. Synonyms: Damaliscus; Rabaticeras. Type locality: Swartkrans. Additional references: Laubscher et al. (Reference Laubscher, Steffens and Vrba1972); Vrba (Reference Vrba1974b). |  |
| Cephalophus Smith, Reference Smith1827. In: Griffith et al., The Animal Kingdom Arranged in Conformity with its Organization by the Baron Cuvier 5: 344. Comments: material only identified to genus level has not been mapped because this could include specimens assignable to Philantomba as currently understood. | |
| Cephalophus natalensis Smith, Reference Smith1834. S. Afr. Quart. J., Series 2, 2: 217. Red duiker. Type locality: ‘Port Natal’ = Durban. Additional references: Gray (Reference Gray1850a, Reference Gray1850b); Smith (Reference Smith1849). |  |
| Philantomba monticola Thunberg, Reference Thunberg1789. Resa uti Europa Africa, Asia, forrattad aren 1770–1779 2: 66. Blue duiker. Synonyms: Cephalophus; bicolor; caeruleus. Type locality: since identified as Langkloof. Additional references: Gray (Reference Gray1850a, Reference Gray1850b, Reference Gray1862a, Reference Gray1862b); Jansen van Vuuren (Reference Jansen van Vuuren1999). |  |
| Sylvicapra Ogilby, Reference Ogilby1836. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1836: 138. |  |
| Sylvicapra grimmia Linnaeus, Reference Linnaeus1758. Systema Naturae Regnum Animale, 10th edition, 1: 70. Bush duiker. Type locality: now known to be Cape Town. Additional references: Gentry (Reference Gentry, Werdelin and Sanders2010); Gray (Reference Gray1850a, Reference Gray1850b). |  |
| Hippotragus Sundevall, Reference Sundevall1845. Ofv. K. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Förhand. 1845: 31. Additional references: Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (2003); Grubb (Reference Grubb2004). |  |
| †Hippotragus cookei Vrba, Reference Vrba1987. Palaeontol. Afr. 26(5): 49. Type locality: Limeworks Makapansgat. |  |
| Hippotragus equinus Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Reference Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire1803. Catalogue des Mammifères du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle: 259. Roan antelope. Synonyms: Aigoceros; Antilope; osanne. Type locality: now thought to be Plettenberg Bay. Additional references: Gray (Reference Gray1850a, Reference Gray1850b); Grubb (Reference Grubb2004); Smith (Reference Smith1849). |  |
| †Hippotragus gigas Leakey, Reference Leakey1965. Olduvai Gorge 1: 49. Additional references: Gentry (Reference Gentry, Werdelin and Sanders2010). |  |
| †Hippotragus leucophaeus Pallas, Reference Pallas1766. P.S. Pallas Medecinae Doctoris Miscellanea Zoologica: 4. Blaaubok, blue antelope. Synonyms: problematicus. Type locality: since restricted to Swellendam Dist. Additional references: Broom (Reference Broom1949b); Cooke (Reference Cooke1947); Gentry (Reference Gentry, Werdelin and Sanders2010); Klein (Reference Klein1974a). |  |
| Hippotragus niger Harris, Reference Harris1838. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1838: 2. Sable antelope. Synonyms: harrisi. Type locality: since specified as Magaliesberg near Krugersdorp and Rustenburg. Additional references: Gray (Reference Gray1850a Reference Gray1850b); Harris (Reference Harris1838a). |  |
| Oryx De Blainville, Reference De Blainville1816. Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris 1816: 75. Type locality: understood to be South Africa. Comments: this material is likely to be O. gazella since only one species has so far been recognised in the sub-region. |  |
| Oryx gazella Linnaeus, Reference Linnaeus1758. Systema Naturae Regnum Animale, 10th edition, 1: 69. Gemsbok. Type locality: understood to be South Africa. Additional references: Gray (Reference Gray1850a, Reference Gray1850b). |  |
Subfamily: Reduncinae
| Kobus Smith, 1840. Illustrations of the Zoology of South Africa, Part 12: pl. 28 plus text. Synonyms: Aigoceros; Onotragus. Additional references: Birungi and Arctander (Reference Birungi and Arctander2001). |  |
| †‘Kobus’ altidens Cooke, 1949. Mem. Geol. Surv. 35(3): 29. Type locality: Keeble’s Paddock. Comments: according to Wells (Reference Wells1965), this taxon is a ‘myth’, being a bovine not a reduncine, although he did not reassign the specimen. |  |
| Kobus ellipsiprymnus Ogilby, Reference Ogilby1833. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1833: 47. Waterbuck. Synonyms: Aigoceros. Type locality: since restricted to Gaborone. Additional references: Birungi and Arctander (Reference Birungi and Arctander2001); Gray (Reference Gray1850a, Reference Gray1850b); Smith (Reference Smith1849). |  |
| Kobus leche Gray, 1850. Gleanings from the Menagerie and Aviary at Knowsley Hall 2: 23. Lechwe. Synonyms: Onotragus; venterae. Type locality: since identified as Botletle River, near Lake Ngami. Additional references: Birungi and Arctander (Reference Birungi and Arctander2001). |  |
| Pelea capreolus Forster, Reference Forster1790. Le Vaillant’s Reise in das Innere von Afrika 1: 71. Vaal rhebok. Type locality: now specified as Houhoek Pass. Additional references: Birungi and Arctander (Reference Birungi and Arctander2001); Gray (Reference Gray1850a, Reference Gray1850b). |  |
| Redunca Smith, Reference Smith1827. In: Griffith et al., The Animal Kingdom Arranged in Conformity with its Organization by the Baron Cuvier 5: 337. |  |
| Redunca arundinum Boddaert, Reference Boddaert1785. Elenchus Animalium 1: 141. Southern reedbuck. Type locality: since selected as Bethulie. Additional references: Gentry (Reference Gentry, Werdelin and Sanders2010); Gray (Reference Gray1850a, Reference Gray1850b). |  |
| †Redunca darti Wells and Cooke, Reference Wells and Cooke1957. Palaeontol. Afr. 4: 17. Type locality: Limeworks Makapansgat. |  |
| Redunca fulvorufula Afzelius, Reference Afzelius1815. Nova Acta Reg. Soc. Sci. Upsala 7: 250. Mountain reedbuck. Synonyms: Cervicapra. Type locality: restricted to eastern North Cape Province. |  |
5.2 Pleistocene Sites
So far, 201 sites have yielded Pleistocene material, ranging from individual specimens to the major collections. The latter include the Early Pleistocene sites in the Cradle of Humankind and Later Pleistocene ones such as Border Cave, Elandsfontein, Florisbad, Klasies River and Wonderwerk. During this epoch, sites, especially the later ones, increasingly constitute former human habitations. Although the distribution of sites is much broader than it was previously, there remains a large area from which evidence is not yet forthcoming (Figure 5.1). The gap may be real, arising, for instance, from a lack of suitable sites for bone preservation and/or human habitation, or may simply result from a lack of attention to the region by workers.
Figure 5.1 Location of Pleistocene sites.
!Ncumtsa Hills (2021). Other names: Koanaka. Taxa: Papio ursinus; Parapapio jonesi cf.; Pedetes capensis. References: Pickford (Reference Pickford1990); Pickford and Mein (Reference Pickford and Mein2011); Pickford et al. (Reference Pickford, Mein and Senut1994); Senut (Reference Senut1996); Williams et al. (Reference Williams, Ross and Frost2012).
≠Gi (1938:2100). Taxa: Alcelaphus caama cf.; Ceratotherium simum; Connochaetes taurinus; Equus capensis; Giraffa camelopardalis?; Megalotragus priscus; Phacochoerus africanus; Raphicerus; Syncerus antiquus. References: Brooks et al. (Reference Brooks, Crowell, Yellen, Leakey and Bogot1980); Brooks and Yellen (Reference Brooks and Yellen1977); Wadley (Reference Wadley2015).
Abenab (1917:1838). Taxa: Phacochoerus. References: Pia (Reference Pia1930); Pickford and Senut (Reference Pickford and Senut2010).
Abrahamskraal (2826). Taxa: Megalotragus priscus. References: Hoffman (Reference Hoffman1953).
Aigamas I and II (1929:1713; 1927:1717). Taxa: Acomys; Crocidura; Desmodillus; Gerbilliscus; Gerbillurus; Graphiurus; Malacothrix; Miniopterus; Mus; Rhabdomys; Saccostomus; Steatomys; Stenodontomys; Thallomys; Zelotomys. References: Pickford and Senut (Reference Pickford and Senut2010).
Aloes Bone Deposit (3349:2538). Taxa: Antidorcas marsupialis; Connochaetes; Crocuta crocuta; Equus capensis cf.; Phacochoerus africanus; Potamochoerus larvatus. References: Wells (Reference Wells1970a).
Amis (2110:1430). Taxa: Pronolagus randensis; Suricata suricatta. References: Van Neer and Breunig (Reference Van Neer and Breunig1999).
Andriesgrond (3218BB). Taxa: Crocidura flavescens; Cryptomys hottentotus; Elephantulus edwardii; Gerbilliscus afra; Gerbillurus paeba; Micaelamys namaquensis; Myosorex varius; Myotomys unisulcatus; Mystromys albicaudatus; Otomys saundersiae; Rhabdomys pumilio; Steatomys krebsii. References: Avery (unpublished); Pfeiffer (Reference Pfeiffer, Jerardino, Malan and Braun2013).
Anyskop Blowout (3358:1809). Taxa: Bathyergus suillus; Equus capensis; Diceros bicornis; Taurotragus oryx. References: Kandel and Conard (Reference Kandel and Conard2012).
Apollo 11 (2745:1706). Taxa: Aethomys chrysophilus; Antidorcas marsupialis; Canis; Caracal caracal cf.; Crocuta; Equus capensis; Equus quagga cf.; Equus zebra; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Lepus; Macroscelides; Oreotragus oreotragus; Oryx gazella; Petromus typicus cf.; Phacochoerus africanus; Procavia capensis; Pronolagus; Raphicerus; Saccostomus campestris. References: Cruz-Uribe and Klein (Reference Cruz-Uribe and Klein1981–1983); Dewar and Stewart (Reference Dewar, Stewart, Jones and Stewart2016); Thackeray (Reference Thackeray1979); Vogelsang et al. (Reference Vogelsang, Richter and Jacobs2010); Wadley (Reference Wadley2015).
Asis Ost (1942:1743). Taxa: Antidorcas; Procavia capensis. References: Pickford and Senut (Reference Pickford and Senut2002).
Austin’s Rush (2824). Taxa: Equus capensis; Equus sandwithi; Hippopotamus amphibius; Loxodonta africana. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1949a).
Baard’s Quarry (3318). Taxa: Antidorcas; Canis?; Ceratotherium; Diceros bicornis; Equus capensis cf.; Eurygnathohippus hooijeri; Gazella praethomsoni cf.; Hippopotamus; Hippotragus leucophaeus; Mammuthus subplanifrons; Mellivora capensis; Miotragoceros acrae; Orycteropus; Pachycrocuta brevirostris cf.; Panthera; Parahyaena brunnea aff.; Raphicerus; Sivatherium maurisium?. References: Hendey (Reference Hendey1969, Reference Hendey1978d); Klein (Reference Klein1974b).
Barkly West (2824DA). Taxa: Damaliscus pygargus; Equus capensis; Equus quagga; Hippopotamus amphibius cf. References: Fraas (Reference Fraas1907); Wells (Reference Wells1959c).
Berg Aukas (1931:1815). Taxa: Crocidura; Cryptomys; Dendromus; Elephantulus; Gerbilliscus; Grammomys; Graphiurus; Hipposideros; Homo sapiens; Malacothrix; Mastomys; Mus; Myocricetodon; Mystromys; Rhinolophus; Saccostomus; Steatomys; Stenodontomys; Zelotomys. References: Conroy et al. (Reference Conroy, Senut, Gommery, Pickford and Mein1996); Grine et al. (Reference Grine, Jungers, Tobias and Pearson1995); Mein et al. (Reference Mein, Pickford and Senut2000b); Pickford and Senut (Reference Pickford and Senut2010); Senut et al. (Reference Senut, Pickford, Mein, Conroy and Van Couvering1992).
Bestpan (2824). Taxa: Connochaetes; Megalotragus priscus. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1949a).
Black Earth Cave (2737:2437). Taxa: Aepyceros melampus; Antidorcas bondi; Antidorcas marsupialis; Canis adustus; Canis mesomelas; Connochaetes gnou; Crocidura; Cryptomys; Damaliscus pygargus; Equus burchellii; Equus capensis; Homo sapiens; Hystrix; Kobus leche; Lycaon; Panthera leo cf.; Parahyaena brunnea; Pelea capreolus; Phacochoerus africanus; Procavia capensis; Raphicerus; Redunca arundinum; Redunca fulvorufula; Syncerus caffer; Vulpes. References: Kuhn et al. (Reference Kuhn, Herries and Price2016); McKee (Reference McKee1994).
Bloembos[ch] (3317:1811). Taxa: Connochaetes; Crocuta crocuta; Diceros bicornis; Equus capensis; Giraffa camelopardalis; Hippopotamus amphibius cf.; Hippotragus leucophaeus; Hippotragus niger cf.; Syncerus antiquus; Syncerus caffer. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1947, Reference Cooke1955); Broom (Reference Broom1913c).
Bloemhof (2725DA). Taxa: Connochaetes gnou; Elephas iolensis; Equus capensis; Hippopotamus amphibius; Syncerus antiquus. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1949a); Osborn (Reference Osborn1942).
Blombos Cave (3425:2113). Taxa: Acomys subspinosus; Alcelaphus buselaphus; Antidorcas; Aonyx capensis; Atelerix frontalis; Bathyergus suillus; Canis mesomelas; Chlorotalpa duthiae; Connochaetes; Crocidura cyanea; Crocidura flavescens; Damaliscus pygargus; Dasymys incomtus; Dendromus melanotis; Dendromus mesomelas; Diceros bicornis; Equus capensis; Felis silvestris; Galerella pulverulenta; Genetta; Georychus capensis; Gerbilliscus afra; Hippopotamus amphibius; Hippotragus leucophaeus; Homo sapiens; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Ictonyx striatus; Lepus capensis; Lepus saxatilis; Mellivora capensis; Miniopterus natalensis; Mus minutoides; Myomyscus verreauxii; Myosorex varius; Oreotragus oreotragus; Otomys irroratus; Otomys saundersiae; Papio ursinus; Pelea capreolus; Procavia capensis; Raphicerus campestris; Raphicerus melanotis; Redunca arundinum; Rhabdomys pumilio; Rhinolophus capensis; Rhinolophus clivosus; Steatomys krebsii; Suncus varilla; Syncerus antiquus; Syncerus caffer; Taurotragus oryx. References: Badenhorst et al. (2016); Discamps and Henshilwood (Reference Discamps and Henshilwood2015); Henshilwood (Reference Henshilwood1995, Reference Henshilwood1996); Henshilwood et al. (Reference Henshilwood, Sealy and Yates2001); Hillestad Nel and Henshilwood (Reference Hillestad Nel and Henshilwood2016); Wadley (Reference Wadley2015).
Boegoeberg 1 (2846:1634). Taxa: Antidorcas marsupialis; Bathyergus janetta; Canis mesomelas; Connochaetes taurinus; Diceros bicornis; Felis silvestris; Galerella pulverulenta; Ictonyx striatus; Mellivora capensis; Oryx gazella; Otocyon megalotis; Panthera leo?; Parahyaena brunnea; Raphicerus campestris; Redunca arundinum; Suricata suricatta; Vulpes chama. References: Klein et al. (Reference Klein, Cruz-Uribe, Halkett, Hart and Parkington1999b).
Bolt’s Farm (2602:2753). Taxa: Acomys spinosissimus; Caracal caracal; Cercopithecoides williamsi; Crocidura fuscomurina; Crossarchus transvaalensis; Cryptomys robertsi; Dasymys ‘bolti’; Dasymys ‘lavocati’; Dendromus melanotis; Desmodillus auricularis; Dinofelis barlowi; Elephantulus antiquus; Elephantulus brachyrhynchus cf.; Elephantulus broomi; Elephas recki cf.; Equus burchellii?; Equus capensis; Erinaceus broomi; Eurygnathohippus cornelianus; Felis shawi; Gerbilliscus; Lemniscomys rosalia cf.; Leptailurus serval; Malacothrix typica cf.; Metridiochoerus andrewsi; Metridiochoerus modestus; Mus major; Mus minutoides; Myosorex robinsoni; Myotis cf.; Mystromys hausleitneri; Otomys gracilis; Otomys irroratus aff.; Papio izodi; Parapapio broomi; Parapapio whitei; Potamochoeroides hypsodon; Proamblysomus antiquus; Proodontomys cookei; Proteles cristata; Rhabdomys pumilio cf.; Rhinolophus capensis cf.; Steatomys pratensis; Thallomys debruyni; Theropithecus oswaldi. References: Broom (Reference Broom1937b, Reference Broom1939c, Reference Broom1948a); Churcher (Reference Churcher1970); Cooke (Reference Cooke1985, Reference Cooke1991, Reference Cooke1993a, Reference Cooke1993b); Davis (Reference Davis1961); Freedman (Reference Freedman1965, Reference Freedman1970); Gilbert (Reference Gilbert2007b); Gingerich (Reference Gingerich1974); Gommery et al. (Reference Gommery, Badenhorst and Potze2012a); Lacruz et al. (Reference Lacruz, Turner and Berger2006); Meester (Reference Meester1961a); Reynolds (Reference Reynolds2010b); Thackeray et al. (Reference Thackeray, Gommery and Sénégas2008).
Boomplaas Cave (3323:2211). Taxa: Acomys subspinosus; Alcelaphus buselaphus; Antidorcas marsupialis cf.; Bunolagus monticularis; Canis mesomelas; Caracal caracal cf.; Chlorotalpa sclateri; Connochaetes gnou cf.; Connochaetes taurinus cf.; Crocidura cyanea; Crocidura flavescens; Cryptomys hottentotus; Damaliscus pygargus; Dasymys incomtus; Dendromus melanotis; Dendromus mesomelas; Elephantulus; Equus capensis; Felis silvestris; Galerella pulverulenta; Genetta; Gerbilliscus afra; Gerbillurus paeba; Graphiurus ocularis; Herpestes ichneumon; Hippotragus equinus; Hippotragus leucophaeus; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Lepus capensis; Lycaon pictus; Megalotragus priscus; Mellivora capensis; Micaelamys namaquensis; Mus minutoides; Myomyscus verreauxii; Myosorex varius; Myotomys unisulcatus; Mystromys albicaudatus; Oreotragus oreotragus; Otomys irroratus; Otomys laminatus; Otomys saundersiae; Panthera pardus; Papio ursinus; Parahyaena brunnea cf.; Pelea capreolus; Phacochoerus africanus; Potamochoerus larvatus; Procavia capensis; Raphicerus campestris; Raphicerus melanotis; Redunca arundinum; Redunca fulvorufula; Rhabdomys pumilio; Suncus varilla; Syncerus caffer; Taurotragus oryx; Tragelaphus strepsiceros. References: Avery (Reference Avery1977, Reference Avery1982b); Brophy et al. (Reference Brophy, De Ruiter, Athreya and DeWitt2014); Faith (Reference Faith2013); Klein (Reference Klein1978a, Reference Klein, Corruccini and Ciochon1994b); Von den Driesch and Deacon (Reference Von den Driesch and Deacon1985); Wadley (Reference Wadley2015).
Border Cave (2701:3159). Taxa: Acomys; Aepyceros melampus; Aethomys chrysophilus; Alcelaphus; Amblysomus hottentotus; Antidorcas bondi; Chlorocebus aethiops; Connochaetes taurinus; Crocidura cyanea; Crocidura flavescens; Crocidura fuscomurina; Crocidura hirta; Crocidura mariquensis; Cryptomys hottentotus; Damaliscus pygargus cf.; Dasymys incomtus; Dendromus melanotis; Dendromus mystacalis; Elephantulus myurus; Eptesicus hottentotus; Equus burchellii; Equus capensis; Gerbilliscus; Gerbilliscus leucogaster cf.; Glauconycteris variegata; Grammomys dolichurus; Graphiurus murinus; Hippopotamus amphibius; Hippotragus; Homo sapiens; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Kobus ellipsiprymnus; Lemniscomys rosalia; Lepus; Loxodonta africana?; Lycaon pictus; Malacothrix typica; Mastomys natalensis; Mellivora capensis; Micaelamys namaquensis; Miniopterus natalensis; Mus minutoides; Mus triton; Myosorex cafer; Myosorex varius; Mystromys albicaudatus; Neoromicia capensis; Nycteris thebaica; Oreotragus oreotragus; Otomys angoniensis; Otomys irroratus; Otomys laminatus; Ourebia ourebi; Panthera pardus; Papio ursinus; Paraxerus palliatus; Pelomys fallax; Phacochoerus africanus; Potamochoerus larvatus; Procavia capensis; Raphicerus campestris cf.; Redunca fulvorufula; Rhabdomys pumilio; Rhinolophus clivosus cf.; Rhinolophus darlingi?; Rhinolophus hildebrandtii cf.; Saccostomus campestris; Scotophilus nigrita; Steatomys pratensis; Suncus infinitesimus; Suncus varilla; Syncerus caffer; Tadarida; Taurotragus oryx; Thallomys paedulcus; Tragelaphus angasii; Tragelaphus scriptus; Tragelaphus strepsiceros. References: Avery (Reference Avery1982a, Reference Avery1991b, Reference Avery1992a); Cooke et al. (Reference Cooke, Malan and Wells1945); De Villiers (Reference De Villiers1974, Reference De Villiers1976a); Klein (Reference Klein1977); Rightmire (Reference Rightmire1979b); Wadley (Reference Wadley2015).
Boskop (2634:2707). Taxa: Homo sapiens. References: Broom (Reference Broom1918); Dusseldorp et al. (Reference Dusseldorp, Lombard and Wurz2013).
Brakfontein (3149:2301). Taxa: Diceros bicornis. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1955).
Buffalo Cave (2408:2911). Taxa: ‘Bos’ makapani; Connochaetes; Damaliscus; Equus; Eurygnathohippus; Hippotragus; Panthera leo cf.; Parmularius cf.; Phacochoerus; Redunca; Syncerus; Tragelaphus cf. References: Kuykendall et al. (Reference Kuykendall, Toich and McKee1995).
Bulawayo (2010:2840). Taxa: Pedetes capensis. References: Pickford and Mein (Reference Pickford and Mein2011).
Bundu Farm (2945:2212). Taxa: Antidorcas; Connochaetes gnou; Damaliscus pygargus; Equus capensis; Hippopotamus amphibius; Megalotragus priscus; Papio; Phacochoerus. References: Hutson (Reference Hutson2016); Kiberd (Reference Kiberd2006).
Bushman Rockshelter (3038:2435). Taxa: Aepyceros melampus; Alcelaphus; Connochaetes taurinus; Damaliscus lunatus; Equus burchellii; Equus capensis; Equus quagga; Hippotragus equinus; Hippotragus niger; Hippopotamus amphibius; Lepus; Megalotragus priscus cf.; Oreotragus oreotragus; Orycteropus afer; Papio ursinus; Pelea capreolus cf.; Phacochoerus africanus; Procavia capensis; Raphicerus campestris; Redunca arundinum; Redunca fulvorufula; Sylvicapra grimmia; Syncerus caffer cf.; Taurotragus oryx; Tragelaphus strepsiceros. References: Badenhorst and Plug (Reference Badenhorst and Plug2012); Brain (Reference Brain1969, Reference Brain1981); Dusseldorp et al. (Reference Dusseldorp, Lombard and Wurz2013); Plug (Reference Plug1981); Wadley (Reference Wadley2015).
Calabria 630 (2808:2656). Taxa: Antidorcas bondi; Connochaetes gnou; Equus burchellii; Hippopotamus amphibius; Phacochoerus africanus. References: De Ruiter et al. (Reference De Ruiter, Churchill, Brophy and Berger2011).
Cango Caves (3324:2212). Taxa: Connochaetes; Procavia capensis; Tragelaphus scriptus cf. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1955).
Canteen Koppie (2824DA). Taxa: Homo sapiens. References: Smith et al. (Reference Smith, Nshimirimana and De Beer2012).
Cave of Hearths (2409:2904). Taxa: Acomys; Aepyceros melampus; Aethomys chrysophilus cf.; Alcelaphus buselaphus; Alcelaphus caama; Alcelaphus robustus; Antidorcas bondi; Antidorcas marsupialis; Canis mesomelas; Caracal caracal; Connochaetes taurinus; Crocidura taungensis; Crocuta crocuta; Cryptomys robertsi; Damaliscus lunatus; Dendromus mesomelas; Elephantulus broomi; Equus burchellii; Equus capensis; Gerbilliscus brantsii cf.; Herpestes ichneumon; Homo sapiens; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Kobus leche; Lepus saxatilis; Megalotragus priscus; Miniopterus natalensis cf.; Mus minutoides cf.; Mystromys hausleitneri; Oreotragus oreotragus; Otomys gracilis; Ourebia cf.; Panthera leo; Panthera pardus; Papio ursinus; Pelea capreolus; Phacochoerus africanus; Procavia capensis; Pronolagus randensis; Raphicerus campestris; Redunca arundinum; Rhinolophus capensis cf.; Rhinolophus clivosus cf.; Saccostomus campestris; Steatomys pratensis; Syncerus antiquus; Syncerus caffer; Taurotragus oryx; Thallomys paedulcus cf.; Tragelaphus strepsiceros. References: Brophy et al. (Reference Brophy, De Ruiter, Athreya and DeWitt2014); Cooke (Reference Cooke and Mason1962, Reference Cooke and Mason1988); De Graaff (Reference De Graaff1961c, Reference De Graaff and Mason1988); McKee et al. (Reference McKee, Thackeray and Berger1995); Tobias (Reference Tobias1971); Wadley (Reference Wadley2015); Wells (Reference Wells and Mason1988).
Chelmer (1959:2830). Taxa: Alcelaphus caama; Antidorcas bondi; Connochaetes; Damaliscus; Equus capensis; Hippopotamus amphibius; Megalotragus priscus; Phacochoerus africanus cf.; Syncerus antiquus; Taurotragus oryx cf. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke and Mason1962); Cooke and Wells (Reference Cooke and Wells1951); Wadley (Reference Wadley2015); Wells and Cooke (Reference Wells and Cooke1955).
Christiana (2725CC). Taxa: Connochaetes gnou; Elephas iolensis; Equus quagga cf.; Eurygnathohippus cornelianus; Hippopotamus amphibius; Loxodonta africana. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1949a).
Cooper’s (2600:2745). Taxa: Acinonyx jubatus; Antidorcas marsupialis; Antidorcas recki; Australopithecus africanus; Canis mesomelas; Caracal caracal; Cercopithecoides williamsi; Chasmaporthetes nitidula; Connochaetes taurinus cf.; Crocuta crocuta; Crocuta ultra; Cynictis penicillata; Damaliscus pygargus cf.; Dinofelis aronoki cf.; Equus burchellii; Equus capensis; Felis silvestris; Herpestes ichneumon; Hippotragus; Homo; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Lepus; Lycaon sekowei; Megalotragus; Megantereon whitei; Metridiochoerus andrewsi; Metridiochoerus modestus; Panthera leo; Panthera pardus; Papio izodi; Papio robinsoni; Paranthropus robustus; Parahyaena brunnea; Pedetes; Pelea; Poecilogale albinucha; Procavia antiqua; Procavia transvaalensis; Proteles cristata; Raphicerus; Redunca fulvorufula; Simatherium kohllarseni; Sivatherium maurisium; Suricata; Syncerus; Taurotragus oryx; Theropithecus oswaldi; Tragelaphus scriptus cf.; Tragelaphus strepsiceros cf. References: Berger et al. (Reference Berger, Pickford and Thackeray1995, Reference Berger, De Ruiter, Steininger and Hancox2003); Churcher (Reference Churcher1970); De Ruiter et al. (Reference De Ruiter, Pickering and Steininger2009); Freedman (Reference Freedman1970); Kuhn et al. (Reference Kuhn, Werdelin and Steininger2017); O’Regan and Menter (Reference O’Regan and Menter2009); O’Regan and Steininger (Reference O’Regan and Steininger2017); Reynolds (Reference Reynolds2010b).
Cornelia-Uitzoek (2710:2852). Taxa: Aepyceros helmoedi; Antidorcas bondi; Antidorcas recki; Connochaetes gnou; Damaliscus niro; Equus burchellii cf.; Equus capensis; Equus quagga cf.; Eurygnathohippus cornelianus; Hippopotamus gorgops; Homo; Kolpochoerus heseloni; Kolpochoerus paiceae; Megalotragus priscus; Metridiochoerus compactus; Metridiochoerus modestus; Panthera leo; Phacochoerus; Raphicerus; Sivatherium maurisium; Sylvicapra grimmia; Syncerus antiquus. References: Bender and Brink (Reference Bender and Brink1992); Brink (Reference Brink2004, Reference Brink2005); Brink et al. (Reference Brink, Herries and Moggi-Cecchi2012); Brink and Rossouw (Reference Brink and Rossouw2000); Brophy et al. (Reference Brophy, De Ruiter, Athreya and DeWitt2014); Cooke (Reference Cooke1974); McKee et al. (Reference McKee, Thackeray and Berger1995).
David’s Drift (2824). Taxa: Megalotragus priscus. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1949a).
De Hoop 120 (2828:2644). Taxa: Antidorcas bondi. References: De Ruiter et al. (Reference De Ruiter, Churchill, Brophy and Berger2011).
Delport’s Hope (2824). Taxa: Aepyceros melampus; Damaliscus; Elephas iolensis; Equus capensis cf.; Hippopotamus; Loxodonta africana; Megalotragus priscus; Taurotragus. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1949a).
Die Kelders (3432:1922). Taxa: Acomys subspinosus; Alcelaphus buselaphus; Antidorcas australis; Atelerix frontalis; Atilax paludinosus; Bathyergus suillus; Canis mesomelas; Caracal caracal; Ceratotherium simum; Chrysochloris asiatica; Connochaetes gnou; Crocidura flavescens; Damaliscus niro; Damaliscus pygargus; Dasymys incomtus; Dendromus melanotis; Dendromus mesomelas; Diceros bicornis; Equus capensis; Equus quagga; Felis silvestris; Galerella pulverulenta; Genetta; Georychus capensis; Gerbilliscus afra; Herpestes ichneumon; Hippopotamus amphibius; Hippotragus leucophaeus; Homo sapiens; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Ictonyx striatus; Lepus capensis; Lycaon pictus; Mellivora capensis; Mus minutoides; Myomyscus verreauxii; Myosorex varius; Mystromys albicaudatus; Oreotragus oreotragus; Otomys irroratus; Otomys saundersiae; Panthera leo; Papio ursinus; Parahyaena brunnea; Pelea capreolus; Potamochoerus larvatus; Procavia capensis; Raphicerus melanotis; Redunca arundinum; Redunca fulvorufula; Rhabdomys pumilio; Suncus varilla; Syncerus antiquus; Syncerus caffer; Taurotragus oryx; Tragelaphus strepsiceros. References: Armstrong (Reference Armstrong2016); Avery (Reference Avery1977, Reference Avery and Schweitzer1979); Avery et al. (Reference Avery, Cruz-Uribe and Goldberg1997); Brophy et al. (Reference Brophy, De Ruiter, Athreya and DeWitt2014); Grine et al. (Reference Grine, Klein and Volman1991); Klein (Reference Klein1975b); Klein and Cruz-Uribe (Reference Klein and Cruz-Uribe2000); Marean et al. (Reference Marean, Abe, Frey and Randall2000); Rightmire (Reference Rightmire and Schweitzer1979a); Schweitzer (Reference Schweitzer1974, Reference Schweitzer1979); Schweitzer and Scott (Reference Schweitzer and Scott1973); Wadley (Reference Wadley2015).
Diepkloof (3223:1827). Taxa: Antidorcas; Atelerix frontalis; Bathyergus suillus; Canis mesomelas; Connochaetes gnou; Equus capensis; Felis silvestris; Galerella pulverulenta; Genetta; Hippopotamus amphibius; Hippotragus leucophaeus; Homo sapiens; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Lepus; Mellivora capensis; Oreotragus oreotragus; Orycteropus afer; Panthera pardus; Papio ursinus; Pelea capreolus; Procavia capensis; Raphicerus campestris; Raphicerus melanotis; Redunca arundinum; Syncerus antiquus; Taurotragus oryx; Vulpes chama. References: Klein and Steele (Reference Klein and Steele2008); Steele and Klein (Reference Steele and Klein2013); Wadley (Reference Wadley2015).
Dikbosch 1 (2839:2354). Taxa: Aethomys chrysophilus; Alcelaphus buselaphus; Ceratotherium simum?; Crocidura cyanea; Crocidura flavescens; Crocidura hirta; Cryptomys hottentotus; Equus quagga cf.; Gerbilliscus; Gerbillurus paeba; Graphiurus ocularis; Hippopotamus amphibius; Lepus; Mystromys natalensis; Mus minutoides; Mystromys albicaudatus; Oreotragus oreotragus; Otomys saundersiae; Procavia capensis; Raphicerus; Redunca fulvorufula; Rhabdomys pumilio; Sylvicapra grimmia?; Steatomys; Suncus lixus; Taurotragus oryx. References: Avery and Avery (Reference Avery and Avery2011); Humphreys (Reference Humphreys1974); Humphreys and Thackeray (Reference Humphreys and Thackeray1983); Klein (Reference Klein1979a).
Dinaledi Chamber (2601:2743). Taxa: Homo naledi. References: Berger et al. (Reference Berger, Hawks and De Ruiter2015).
Doring River (2810:2648). Taxa: Alcelaphus buselaphus; Antidorcas bondi; Connochaetes taurinus; Damaliscus niro; Damaliscus pygargus; Megalotragus priscus; Syncerus antiquus. References: Brink et al. (Reference Brink, Berger, Churchill, Becker, Manhart, Peters and Schibler1999).
Draaihoek (2824). Taxa: Diceros bicornis cf.; Megalotragus priscus. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1949a).
Driefontein (3225). Taxa: Antidorcas bondi; Damaliscus niro cf.; Equus capensis cf.; Equus quagga cf.; Megalotragus priscus; Oryx gazella cf.; Phacochoerus africanus cf.; Raphicerus campestris; Redunca arundinum cf.; Syncerus antiquus; Taurotragus oryx. References: Wells (Reference Wells1970b).
Drimolen (2527). Taxa: Acomys spinosissimus aff.; Antidorcas recki; Canis; Caracal caracal; Cercopithecoides; Chasmaporthetes nitidula?; Connochaetes; Cryptomys hottentotus cf.; Damaliscus; Dasymys ‘bolti’; Dendromus melanotis cf.; Desmodillus auricularis; Dinofelis piveteaui aff.; Elephantulus; Eurygnathohippus cornelianus cf.; Gazella vanhoepeni aff.; Gerbilliscus; Grammomys dolichurus; Graphiurus; Hippotragus; Homo; Malacothrix; Mastomys natalensis; Megalotragus; Metridiochoerus; Mus; Myosorex; Mystromys hausleitneri; Oreotragus; Otomys gracilis; Papio robinsoni; Paranthropus robustus; Pelea; Praomys; Proodontomys cookei; Redunca cf.; Rhabdomys pumilio aff.; Steatomys pratensis cf.; Suncus; Tragelaphus; Vulpes chama. References: Dusseldorp et al. (Reference Dusseldorp, Lombard and Wurz2013); Keyser et al. (Reference Keyser, Menter, Moggi-Cecchi, Pickering and Berger2000); Moggi-Cecchi et al. (Reference Moggi-Cecchi, Menter, Boccone and Keyser2010); O’Regan and Menter (Reference O’Regan and Menter2009); Reynolds (Reference Reynolds2010b); Rovinsky et al. (Reference Rovinsky, Herries, Menter and Adams2015); Sénégas et al. (Reference Sénégas, Paradis and Michaux2005).
Drotsky’s Cave (2002:2125). Taxa: Equus burchellii; Gerbilliscus brantsii cf.; Gerbillurus paeba; Mystromys albicaudatus; Otomys angoniensis cf.; Pedetes capensis. References: Robbins et al. (Reference Robbins, Murphy and Stevens1996); Yellen et al. (Reference Yellen, Brooks, Stuckenrath and Welbourne1987).
Duinefontein (3343:1827). Taxa: Antidorcas australis; Bathyergus suillus; Canis mesomelas; Caracal caracal; Ceratotherium simum; Crocuta crocuta; Damaliscus pygargus; Diceros bicornis; Equus quagga; Felis silvestris; Galerella pulverulenta; Genetta; Herpestes ichneumon; Hippopotamus amphibius; Hippotragus leucophaeus; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Ictonyx striatus; Leptailurus serval; Lepus capensis; Loxodonta africana; Megalotragus priscus; Oryx gazella; Panthera leo; Parahyaena brunnea; Raphicerus melanotis; Redunca arundinum; Syncerus antiquus; Taurotragus oryx; Tragelaphus strepsiceros. References: Brophy et al. (Reference Brophy, De Ruiter, Athreya and DeWitt2014); Cruz-Uribe et al. (Reference Cruz-Uribe, Klein and Avery2003); Klein (Reference Klein1976b); Klein and Cruz-Uribe (Reference Klein and Cruz-Uribe1991); Klein et al. (Reference Klein, Avery and Cruz-Uribe1999a).
Elands Bay Cave (3218:1820). Taxa: Alcelaphus buselaphus; Antidorcas; Atelerix frontalis; Bathyergus suillus; Canis mesomelas; Caracal caracal; Crocidura cyanea; Crocidura flavescens; Cryptomys hottentotus; Diceros bicornis; Elephantulus edwardii; Elephantulus rupestris; Equus capensis; Equus quagga; Felis silvestris; Gerbilliscus afra; Gerbillurus paeba; Herpestes ichneumon; Hippopotamus amphibius; Hippotragus leucophaeus; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Ictonyx striatus; Lepus; Loxodonta africana; Loxodonta cookei; Mellivora capensis; Micaelamys namaquensis; Myosorex varius; Mystromys albicaudatus; Myotomys unisulcatus; Oreotragus oreotragus; Orycteropus afer; Otomys irroratus; Otomys saundersiae; Panthera pardus; Papio ursinus; Potamochoerus larvatus; Procavia capensis; Raphicerus campestris; Raphicerus melanotis; Redunca arundinum; Rhabdomys pumilio; Steatomys krebsii; Suncus varilla; Sylvicapra grimmia; Syncerus caffer; Taurotragus oryx; Vulpes chama. References: Avery (unpublished); Dusseldorp et al. (Reference Dusseldorp, Lombard and Wurz2013); Jerardino et al. (Reference Jerardino, Klein, Navarro, Orton, Kolska Horwitz, Jerardino, Malan and Braun2013); Klein and Cruz-Uribe (Reference Klein, Cruz-Uribe, Parkington and Hall1987); Klein et al. (Reference Klein, Avery, Cruz-Uribe and Steele2007); Pfeiffer (Reference Pfeiffer, Jerardino, Malan and Braun2013).
Elandsfontein (3305:1815). Taxa: Alcelaphus; Antidorcas australis; Antidorcas recki; Aonyx capensis; Atilax paludinosus; Bathyergus suillus; Canis mesomelas; Caracal caracal; Ceratotherium simum; Connochaetes gnou; Crocuta crocuta; Damaliscus lunatus cf.; Damaliscus niro; Diceros bicornis; Equus capensis; Equus quagga; Felis silvestris; Gazella; Herpestes ichneumon; Hippopotamus amphibius; Hippotragus gigas; Hippotragus leucophaeus; Homo rhodesiensis; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Ictonyx striatus; Kolpochoerus paiceae; Lepus capensis; Loxodonta africana; Loxodonta atlantica; Lycaon pictus; Megalotragus priscus; Megantereon gracile; Mellivora capensis; Metridiochoerus andrewsi; Numidocapra arambourgi; Oryx gazella; Panthera leo; Panthera pardus; Parahyaena brunnea; Parmularius?; Phacochoerus africanus; Raphicerus melanotis; Redunca arundinum; Sivatherium maurisium; Smutsia; Suricata major; Suricata suricatta; Syncerus antiquus; Taurotragus oryx; Theropithecus oswaldi; Tragelaphus strepsiceros; Vulpes chama. References: Braun et al. (Reference Braun, Levin and Stynder2013); Brophy et al. (Reference Brophy, De Ruiter, Athreya and DeWitt2014); Drennan (Reference Drennan1953); Ewer and Singer (Reference Ewer and Singer1956); Hendey (Reference Hendey1969); Klein (Reference Klein1974b, Reference Klein1978c); Klein and Cruz-Uribe (Reference Klein and Cruz-Uribe1991); Klein et al. (Reference Klein, Avery, Cruz-Uribe and Steele2007); McKee et al. (Reference McKee, Thackeray and Berger1995); Singer (Reference Singer1956).
Equus Cave (2737:2438). Taxa: Acinonyx jubatus; Alcelaphus buselaphus; Antidorcas bondi; Antidorcas marsupialis; Aonyx capensis; Atelerix frontalis; Atilax paludinosus; Canis mesomelas; Caracal caracal; Connochaetes taurinus; Crocuta crocuta; Cynictis penicillata; Damaliscus pygargus; Diceros bicornis; Equus burchellii; Equus capensis; Felis nigripes; Felis silvestris; Genetta; Giraffa camelopardalis; Herpestes ichneumon; Hippopotamus amphibius; Hippotragus; Homo sapiens; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Kobus leche; Lepus; Lycaon pictus; Megalotragus priscus; Mellivora capensis; Orycteropus afer; Otocyon megalotis; Panthera leo; Panthera pardus; Papio ursinus; Parahyaena brunnea; Pedetes capensis; Pelea capreolus; Phacochoerus africanus; Procavia capensis; Raphicerus campestris; Redunca fulvorufula; Suricata suricatta; Sylvicapra grimmia; Syncerus caffer; Taurotragus oryx; Tragelaphus strepsiceros; Vulpes chama. References: Brophy et al. (Reference Brophy, De Ruiter, Athreya and DeWitt2014); Cruz-Uribe (Reference Cruz-Uribe1991); Grine and Klein (Reference Grine and Klein1985); Klein et al. (Reference Klein, Cruz-Uribe and Beaumont1991); McKee (Reference McKee1994); McKee et al. (Reference McKee, Thackeray and Berger1995).
Erfkroon (2852:2536). Taxa: Alcelaphus buselaphus; Antidorcas bondi; Antidorcas marsupialis; Atilax paludinosus; Canis mesomelas; Connochaetes gnou; Crocuta crocuta; Cynictis penicillata; Damaliscus niro; Damaliscus pygargus; Equus capensis; Galerella sanguinea; Hippopotamus amphibius; Hippotragus; Kobus ellipsiprymnus; Lycaon pictus cf.; Megalotragus priscus; Panthera leo; Phacochoerus; Syncerus antiquus; Vulpes chama. References: Bousman and Brink (Reference Bousman and Brink2014); Brophy et al. (Reference Brophy, De Ruiter, Athreya and DeWitt2014); Churchill et al. (Reference Churchill, Brink and Berger2000b).
Etosha Pan (1816CA). Taxa: Aepyceros melampus; Antidorcas marsupialis; Damaliscus lunatus; Equus quagga; Taurotragus oryx; Tragelaphus spekeii. References: Pickford et al. (Reference Pickford, Senut and Hipondoka2014).
Faraoskop Rock Shelter (3207:1836). Taxa: Procavia capensis. References: Manhire (Reference Manhire1993); Pfeiffer (Reference Pfeiffer, Jerardino, Malan and Braun2013).
Femur Dump (2602:2742). Taxa: Acomys spinosissimus; Aethomys chrysophilus cf.; Cercopithecoides williamsi; Cryptomys hottentotus cf.; Dasymys ‘bolti’; Dendromus melanotis; Dinofelis barlowi; Mastomys cf.; Micaelamys namaquensis cf.; Mus; Mystromys hausleitneri; Otomys gracilis cf.; Pachycrocuta brevirostris; Papio robinsoni; Proodontomys cookei; Rhabdomys pumilio cf.; Steatomys pratensis. References: Gommery et al. (Reference Gommery, Sénégas and Thackeray2008a); Reynolds (Reference Reynolds2010b).
Florisbad (2846:2604). Taxa: Alcelaphus buselaphus; Alcelaphus caama cf.; Antidorcas bondi; Antidorcas marsupialis; Aonyx capensis; Atilax paludinosus; Canis mesomelas; Cephalophus cf.; Ceratotherium simum; Connochaetes antiquus; Connochaetes gnou; Crocuta crocuta; Cryptomys?; Damaliscus niro; Damaliscus pygargus; Diceros bicornis; Equus (Asinus); Equus burchellii; Equus capensis; Equus quagga; Galerella sanguinea; Gerbilliscus; Giraffa camelopardalis; Hippopotamus amphibius; Hippotragus; Homo sapiens; Kobus ellipsiprymnus; Kobus leche; Lepus capensis; Lycaon pictus; Megalotragus priscus; Metridiochoerus cf.; Myotomys sloggetti cf.; Myotomys unisulcatus cf.; Otomys irroratus cf.; Panthera leo; Parahyaena brunnea; Parotomys; Pedetes capensis; Pedetes hagenstadti; Phacochoerus africanus; Raphicerus campestris; Redunca arundinum; Sivatherium maurisium; Sylvicapra grimmia cf.; Syncerus antiquus; Taurotragus oryx; Tragelaphus angasii cf.; Xerus inauris. References: Brink (Reference Brink1988, Reference Brink1994, Reference Brink2005); Brophy et al. (Reference Brophy, De Ruiter, Athreya and DeWitt2014); Churchill et al. (Reference Churchill, Brink and Berger2000b); Cooke (Reference Cooke1955); Dreyer (Reference Dreyer1935); Ewer (Reference Ewer1957b); Hoffman (Reference Hoffman1953); Kuman and Clarke (Reference Kuman and Clarke1986); Lewis et al. (Reference Lewis, Brink, Kennedy and Campbell2011); McKee et al. (Reference McKee, Thackeray and Berger1995); Scott and Brink (Reference Scott and Brink1992); Singer (Reference Singer1956); Wadley (Reference Wadley2015).
Forlorn Hope (2824). Taxa: Equus burchellii cf.; Equus capensis; Hippopotamus. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1949a).
Friesenberg Hilltop (1917:1740). Taxa: Lycaon cf. References: Pickford and Senut (Reference Pickford and Senut2010); Sénégas (Reference Sénégas1996).
Garage Ravine Cave (2602:2752). Taxa: Canis mesomelas; Equus capensis; Taurotragus oryx. References: Badenhorst et al. (Reference Badenhorst, Sénégas and Gommery2011b).
Gcwihaba C Hill (2121:2001). Taxa: Dendromus; Elephantulus; Georychus; Gerbilliscus brantsii cf.; Gerbillurus; Graphiurus; Malacothrix; Mus; Myosorex; Myotomys campbelli; Otomys gracilis; Rhinolophus; Steatomys pratensis; Suncus; Zelotomys woosnami aff. References: Pickford (Reference Pickford1990); Pickford and Mein (Reference Pickford and Mein1988); Pickford and Senut (Reference Pickford and Senut2003); Pickford et al. (Reference Pickford, Mein and Senut1994).
Geelbek Dunes (3311:1810). Taxa: Bathyergus suillus; Connochaetes gnou; Crocuta crocuta; Damaliscus; Equus capensis; Hippopotamus amphibius; Hippotragus leucophaeus; Lepus capensis; Loxodonta africana; Megalotragus priscus; Mellivora capensis; Raphicerus campestris; Sylvicapra grimmia; Syncerus antiquus; Taurotragus oryx. References: Conard and Kandel (Reference Conard, Kandel and Wotzka2006); Kandel and Conard (Reference Kandel and Conard2012).
Geelwal Karoo (3131:1804). Taxa: Canis mesomelas. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1955).
Gladysvale (2553:2746). Other names: Uitkomst. Taxa: Acomys spinosissimus; Aepyceros melampus cf.; Aethomys chrysophilus; Antidorcas bondi; Antidorcas marsupialis; Antidorcas recki; Alcelaphus buselaphus; Australopithecus africanus cf.; Canis mesomelas; Cercopithecoides williamsi; Connochaetes gnou cf.; Connochaetes taurinus; Crocidura fuscomurina cf.; Crocuta ultra cf.; Cryptomys hottentotus; Cryptomys robertsi; Damaliscus lunatus; Damaliscus pygargus; Dasymys incomtus; Dendromus melanotis; Desmodillus auricularis; Diceros bicornis; Dinofelis barlowi; Dinofelis piveteaui cf.; Elephantulus myurus; Elephas; Eptesicus hottentotus; Equus burchellii; Equus capensis; Eurygnathohippus; Gerbilliscus; Grammomys; Hipposideros caffer; Hippotragus equinus; Hippotragus niger; Homo; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Kobus leche; Kolpochoerus paiceae?; Lemniscomys rosalia; ‘Makapania’ broomi; Mastomys; Megalotragus; Miniopterus natalensis; Mus minutoides; Myosorex robinsoni; Myotis tricolor; Myotomys sloggetti; Mystromys albicaudatus; Mystromys hausleitneri; Neoromicia capensis; Nyctereutes terblanchei cf.; Oreotragus oreotragus; Oryx gazella cf.; Otomys saundersiae; Pachycrocuta brevirostris; Otomys gracilis; Panthera leo; Panthera cf. pardus; Papio izodi cf.; Papio robinsoni cf.; Pelea capreolus; Phacochoerus antiquus cf.; Potamochoeroides hypsodon cf.; Potamochoerus larvatus; Procavia antiqua; Procavia capensis; Procavia transvaalensis; Proodontomys cookei; Raphicerus campestris; Redunca arundinum; Redunca darti; Redunca fulvorufula; Rhabdomys pumilio; Rhinolophus clivosus; Saccostomus campestris; Scotophilus nigrita; Steatomys; Stenodontomys; Suncus infinitesimus; Suncus varilla; Syncerus; Taurotragus oryx; Thallomys debruyni; Theropithecus oswaldi; Tragelaphus angasii; Tragelaphus strepsiceros. References: Avery (Reference Avery1995a); Berger (Reference Berger1992, Reference Berger1993); Berger et al. (Reference Berger, Keyser and Tobias1993); Broom (Reference Broom1937a, Reference Broom1948a); Churcher (Reference Churcher1956); Cooke (Reference Cooke and Mason1962); Freedman (Reference Freedman1970); Lacruz et al. (Reference Lacruz, Brink and Hancox2002, Reference Lacruz, Ungar, Hancox, Brink and Berger2003); Meester (Reference Meester1961a); Reynolds (Reference Reynolds2010b).
Gobabis townlands (2227:1858). Taxa: Antidorcas bondi; Crocuta crocuta; Damaliscus; Equus; Megalotragus priscus cf.; Phacochoerus africanus. References: Jacobson (Reference Jacobson1978).
Gondolin (2549:2750). Taxa: Antidorcas recki; Canis mesomelas; Ceratotherium simum; Connochaetes; Crocuta crocuta; Damaliscus niro?; Damaliscus pygargus; Equus capensis cf.; Eurygnathohippus cornelianus cf.; Hippopotamus; Hippotragus equinus; Hystrix makapanensis; Metridiochoerus andrewsi; Oreotragus oreotragus; Procavia antiqua; Procavia transvaalensis; Redunca arundinum; Taurotragus oryx; Tragelaphus angasii; Tragelaphus strepsiceros. References: Adams and Conroy (Reference Adams, Conroy, Lieberman, Smith and Kelley2005); Adams et al. (Reference Adams, Herries, Kuykendall and Conroy2007b); Kuykendall and Conroy (Reference Kuykendall and Conroy1999); Menter et al. (Reference Menter, Kuykendall, Keyser and Conroy1999); Watson (Reference Watson1993b).
Gong-Gong (2824). Taxa: Equus capensis; Mammuthus subplanifrons; Megalotragus priscus. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1949a).
Groot Kloof (2411:2821). Taxa: Damaliscus; Equus; Kobus leche; Syncerus antiquus. References: Curnoe et al. (Reference Curnoe, Herries and Brink2006).
Haasgat (2551:2750). Taxa: Alcelaphus buselaphus; Antidorcas bondi; Antidorcas marsupialis; Australopithecus?; Canis; Cercopithecoides haasgati; Cercopithecoides williamsi; Chasmaporthetes nitidula?; Connochaetes gnou; Connochaetes taurinus; Damaliscus pygargus; Dinofelis cf.; Equus burchellii; Equus capensis; Equus quagga cf.; Giraffa camelopardalis; Hippotragus equinus; Homo?; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Kobus ellipsiprymnus; Kobus leche; Megalotragus; Metridiochoerus cf.; Oreotragus oreotragus; Ourebia ourebi; Papio izodi; Parapapio broomi; Pelea capreolus; Procavia antiqua; Procavia capensis; Procavia transvaalensis; Pronolagus rupestris; Raphicerus; Redunca arundinum; Redunca fulvorufula; Sylvicapra grimmia; Taurotragus oryx; Tragelaphus strepsiceros. References: Adams (Reference Adams2012b); Brophy et al. (Reference Brophy, De Ruiter, Athreya and DeWitt2014); Keyser (Reference Keyser1991); Keyser and Martini (Reference Keyser and Martini1991); Leece et al. (Reference Leece, Kegley and Lacruz2016); McKee and Keyser (Reference McKee and Keyser1994); Plug and Keyser (Reference Plug and Keyser1993); Reynolds (Reference Reynolds2010b).
Halliwell’s Workings (2824). Taxa: Damaliscus lunatus cf.; Connochaetes; Equus burchellii cf.; Equus capensis; Equus quagga cf.; Hippopotamus amphibius; Loxodonta; Megalotragus priscus; Metridiochoerus compactus; Syncerus antiquus. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1949a).
Hawston (3419AD). Taxa: Diceros bicornis; Loxodonta africana. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1955).
Hennops River (2551:2756). Taxa: Mystromys hausleitneri. References: Broom (Reference Broom1948a).
Herolds Bay (3315:2226). Taxa: Alcelaphus buselaphus; Antidorcas marsupialis; Aonyx capensis; Canis mesomelas; Caracal caracal; Connochaetes gnou; Damaliscus; Equus; Hippopotamus amphibius; Hippotragus leucophaeus; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Ictonyx striatus; Lepus capensis; Lycaon pictus; Mellivora capensis; Oreotragus oreotragus; Panthera leo; Papio ursinus; Parahyaena brunnea; Pelea capreolus; Potamochoerus larvatus; Procavia capensis; Raphicerus melanotis; Redunca arundinum; Redunca fulvorufula; Sylvicapra grimmia; Syncerus antiquus; Syncerus caffer; Taurotragus oryx. References: Brink and Deacon (Reference Brink and Deacon1982).
Hettie 582 (2808:2658). Taxa: Antidorcas marsupialis; Connochaetes gnou; Equus burchellii; Megalotragus priscus; Phacochoerus africanus. References: De Ruiter et al. (Reference De Ruiter, Churchill, Brophy and Berger2011).
Heuningneskrans (2436:3039). Taxa: Aepyceros melampus; Antidorcas bondi; Antidorcas marsupialis; Equus burchellii; Hippotragus; Homo sapiens; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Orycteropus afer; Panthera leo; Papio ursinus; Parahyaena brunnea; Pelea capreolus; Phacochoerus africanus; Procavia capensis; Redunca arundinum; Sylvicapra grimmia; Syncerus caffer; Tragelaphus strepsiceros. References: Klein (Reference Klein1984a).
Hoedjiesbaai (3317BD). Taxa: Canis mesomelas; Procavia capensis; Raphicerus campestris; Suricata?. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1955).
Hoedjiespunt 1 (3303:1758). Taxa: Acomys subspinosus; Antidorcas australis; Aonyx capensis; Atilax paludinosus; Bathyergus suillus; Canis mesomelas; Ceratotherium simum; Crocidura cyanea; Crocuta crocuta; Cryptomys hottentotus; Damaliscus pygargus; Elephantulus rupestris; Equus capensis; Equus quagga; Felis nigripes; Felis silvestris; Genetta tigrina; Gerbilliscus afra; Herpestes ichneumon; Homo rhodesiensis; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Ictonyx striatus; Lepus capensis; Lepus saxatilis; Lycaon pictus; Megalotragus priscus; Mellivora capensis; Micaelamys namaquensis; Myomyscus verreauxii; Myosorex varius; Myotomys sloggetti; Myotomys unisulcatus; Mystromys albicaudatus; Otomys irroratus; Otomys saundersiae; Panthera leo; Panthera pardus; Parahyaena brunnea; Parotomys brantsii; Pelea capreolus; Procavia capensis; Raphicerus; Redunca arundinum; Rhabdomys pumilio; Rhinolophus clivosus; Suricata suricatta; Syncerus antiquus; Syncerus caffer; Taurotragus oryx; Tragelaphus strepsiceros; Vulpes chama; Zelotomys woosnami. References: Berger and Parkington (Reference Berger and Parkington1995); Brophy et al. (Reference Brophy, De Ruiter, Athreya and DeWitt2014); Churchill et al. (Reference Churchill, Berger and Parkington2000a); Matthews et al. (Reference Matthews, Denys and Parkington2005, Reference Matthews, Parkington and Denys2006); Stynder (Reference Stynder1997).
Hofmeyr Cave (3125DB). Taxa: Homo sapiens. References: Dusseldorp et al. (Reference Dusseldorp, Lombard and Wurz2013); Grine et al. (Reference Grine, Bailey and Harvati2007).
Homestead Area (2824). Taxa: Aepyceros melampus; Equus capensis; Phacochoerus africanus. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1949a).
Hoogstede (3151:2607). Taxa: Equus burchellii; Megalotragus priscus cf. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1955).
Jack’s Camp (2033:2512) Other names: SAAN-0036. Taxa: Hippopotamus; Hippotragus; Kobus ellipsiprymnus cf.; Syncerus antiquus; Tragelaphus. References: Berger and Brink (Reference Berger and Brink2001).
Jägersquelle (1925:1804). Taxa: Acomys; Crocidura; Cryptomys; Gerbillurus; Malacothrix; Micaelamys; Miniopterus; Mus; Mystromys; Panthera pardus; Parapapio; Rhinolophus; Steatomys; Zelotomys. References: Pickford and Senut (Reference Pickford and Senut2010).
Jakkalsfontein (3123AC). Taxa: Equus burchellii; Equus capensis. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1955).
Kalk Bay (3418AB). Taxa: Hippopotamus amphibius; Loxodonta africana. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1955).
Kalk Plateau (2417DB). Taxa: Equus burchellii. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1955).
Kalkbank (2332:2921). Taxa: Aepyceros melampus; Alcelaphus buselaphus; Alcelaphus caama cf.; Antidorcas bondi; Antidorcas marsupialis; Connochaetes taurinus; Crocuta crocuta; Damaliscus lunatus cf.; Diceros bicornis; Equus burchellii; Equus capensis; Georychus capensis; Giraffa camelopardalis; Hippopotamus amphibius; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Ichneumia albicauda; Kobus ellipsiprymnus; Loxodonta africana; Lycaon pictus; Megalotragus priscus; Panthera leo; Panthera pardus; Phacochoerus africanus; Redunca fulvorufula; Syncerus antiquus; Taurotragus oryx; Vulpes chama cf. References: Brown (Reference Brown1988); Cooke (Reference Cooke and Mason1962); Ewer (Reference Ewer1958a, Reference Ewer and Mason1962); Hutson (Reference Hutson2006); Hutson and Cain (Reference Hutson and Cain2008); Wadley (Reference Wadley2015).
Kalkoenkrans 225 (2810:2645). Taxa: Antidorcas marsupialis; Connochaetes gnou. References: De Ruiter et al. (Reference De Ruiter, Churchill, Brophy and Berger2011).
Kathu Pan (2740:2301). Taxa: Alcelaphus; Antidorcas bondi; Antidorcas marsupialis; Ceratotherium simum; Elephas recki; Equus burchellii; Equus capensis; Giraffa camelopardalis; Hippopotamus amphibius; Hippotragus cf.; Megalotragus priscus; Orycteropus afer; Pedetes capensis; Pelea capreolus; Phacochoerus africanus; Redunca; Syncerus antiquus; Syncerus caffer; Tragelaphus. References: Klein (Reference Klein1988); Wadley (Reference Wadley2015).
Keeble’s Paddock (2824). Taxa: Connochaetes gnou cf.; Equus burchellii; Equus capensis; Hippopotamus amphibius; Hippotragus niger; ‘Kobus’ altidens; Phacochoerus. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1949a).
Klasies River (3406:2424). Taxa: Acomys subspinosus; Alcelaphus buselaphus cf.; Amblysomus hottentotus; Antidorcas australis; Aonyx capensis; Atilax paludinosus; Bathyergus suillus; Canis mesomelas; Caracal caracal cf.; Chlorotalpa duthiae; Connochaetes; Crocidura cyanea; Crocidura flavescens; Cryptomys hottentotus; Damaliscus niro; Damaliscus pygargus; Dasymys incomtus; Dendromus melanotis; Dendromus mesomelas; Diceros bicornis; Equus quagga; Felis silvestris; Galerella pulverulenta; Genetta; Georychus capensis; Grammomys dolichurus; Graphiurus ocularis; Herpestes ichneumon; Hippopotamus amphibius; Hippotragus leucophaeus; Homo sapiens; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Kobus; Lepus capensis; Loxodonta africana; Macroscelides proboscideus; Mastomys coucha; Megalotragus priscus; Mellivora capensis; Micaelamys namaquensis; Mus minutoides; Myomyscus verreauxii; Myosorex varius; Mystromys albicaudatus; Orycteropus afer; Otomys irroratus; Otomys laminatus; Otomys saundersiae; Ourebia ourebi; Panthera pardus; Papio ursinus; Parahyaena brunnea; Pelea capreolus; Phacochoerus africanus; Philantomba monticola; Potamochoerus larvatus; Procavia capensis; Raphicerus melanotis; Redunca arundinum; Redunca fulvorufula; Rhabdomys pumilio; Suncus infinitesimus; Sylvicapra grimmia; Syncerus antiquus; Syncerus caffer; Taurotragus oryx; Thallomys paedulcus; Tragelaphus scriptus; Tragelaphus strepsiceros. References: Avery (Reference Avery1987b, Reference Avery, Vrba, Denton, Partridge and Burckle1995b); Brophy et al. (Reference Brophy, De Ruiter, Athreya and DeWitt2014); Grine et al. (Reference Grine, Pearson, Klein and Rightmire1998); Henderson (Reference Henderson1992); Klein (Reference Klein1975b, Reference Klein1976a); McKee et al. (Reference McKee, Thackeray and Berger1995); Pearce (Reference Pearce2008); Rightmire and Deacon (Reference Rightmire and Deacon1991); Van Pletzen (Reference Van Pletzen2000); Wadley (Reference Wadley2015).
Klipdrift Complex (3427:2044). Taxa: Alcelaphus buselaphus; Antidorcas marsupialis cf.; Bathyergus suillus; Connochaetes gnou; Damaliscus pygargus; Diceros bicornis; Equus; Lepus saxatilis; Oreotragus oreotragus; Ourebia ourebi; Parahyaena brunnea; Pelea capreolus; Procavia capensis; Raphicerus; Redunca arundinum; Redunca fulvorufula; Sylvicapra grimmia; Syncerus antiquus; Syncerus caffer; Taurotragus oryx. References: Harvati et al. (Reference Harvati, Bauer and Grine2015); Henshilwood et al. (Reference Henshilwood, Van Niekerk and Wurz2014); Reynard et al. (Reference Reynard, Discamps, Badenhorst, Van Niekerk and Henshilwood2016a, Reference Reynard, Discamps and Wurz2016b); Wadley (Reference Wadley2015).
Koffiefontein (2925AC). Taxa: Equus capensis. References: Wells (Reference Wells1940).
Kombat E900 (1942:1743). Taxa: Antidorcas; Procavia. References: Pickford and Senut (Reference Pickford and Senut2010).
Kraanvogelvallei Breakwater (2824). Taxa: Hippopotamus amphibius. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1949a).
Kramleeg (3017:1724). Taxa: Pedetes capensis cf. References: Pickford and Mein (Reference Pickford and Mein2011).
Kranskraal (2928AB). Taxa: Megalotragus priscus. References: Hoffman (Reference Hoffman1953).
Kromdraai (2600:2745). Taxa: Acomys; Arvicanthis; Canis antiquus; Canis atrox; Chrysospalax; Connochaetes taurinus cf.; Crocuta crocuta; Crocuta ultra; Crossarchus transvaalensis cf.; Cryptomys robertsi; Dasymys; Dendromus; Desmodillus; Elephantulus antiquus; Elephantulus brachyrhynchus; Elephantulus broomi; Eptesicus hottentotus cf.; Equus burchellii; Equus capensis; Equus quagga; Eurygnathohippus cornelianus; Felis crassidens; Gerbilliscus leucogaster cf.; Gorgopithecus major; Grammomys dolichurus cf.; Graphiurus; Hyaena hyaena; Lemniscomys; Macroscelides proboscideus; Malacothrix; Mastomys natalensis cf.; Mellivora; Metridiochoerus andrewsi; Metridiochoerus modestus; Micaelamys namaquensis cf.; Mus; Myosorex robinsoni; Myotis tricolor cf.; Myotis welwitschii cf.; Mystromys hausleitneri; Nyctereutes terblanchei; Otomys gracilis; Panthera leo; Papio izodi; Parahyaena brunnea; Paranthropus robustus; Parmularius parvus; Potamochoeroides hypsodon; Proamblysomus antiquus; Procavia transvaalensis; Proodontomys cookei; Rhabdomys pumilio cf.; Rhinolophus capensis cf.; Steatomys; Suncus varilla cf.; Taphozous; Thallomys paedulcus cf.; Theropithecus oswaldi; Vulpes pulcher; Zelotomys. References: Broom (Reference Broom1939c, Reference Broom1940, Reference Broom1948a); Broom and Robinson (Reference Broom and Robinson1948); Brophy et al. (Reference Brophy, De Ruiter, Athreya and DeWitt2014); Churcher (Reference Churcher1970); De Graaff (Reference De Graaff1961b); De Ruiter (Reference De Ruiter2004); De Ruiter et al. (Reference De Ruiter, Sponheimer and Lee Thorp2008b); Ewer (Reference Ewer and Brain1958b); Freedman (Reference Freedman1970); Freedman and Brain (Reference Freedman and Brain1972); Gommery et al. (Reference Gommery, Thackeray, Potze and Braga2008b); McCrae and Potze (Reference McCrae and Potze2006); Pickford (Reference Pickford2013b); Pocock (Reference Pocock1985, Reference Pocock1987); Reynolds (Reference Reynolds2010b); Singleton et al. (Reference Singleton, Gilbert, Frost and Seitelman2016); Thackeray et al. (Reference Thackeray, De Ruiter, Berger and Van der Merwe2001, Reference Thackeray, Braga and Sénégas2005); Turner (Reference Turner1986); Vrba (Reference Vrba1981).
Larsen’s Pits, Main Workings and Shaft 47 (2820:2444). Taxa: Alcelaphus robustus; Connochaetes; Damaliscus pygargus cf.; Equus burchellii; Equus capensis; Equus sandwithi; Hippopotamus amphibius; Metridiochoerus compactus; Phacochoerus africanus; Phacochoerus altidens; Syncerus antiquus; Syncerus caffer. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1949a, Reference Cooke1949b); Shaw and Cooke (Reference Shaw and Cooke1940).
LeRoux 717 (2811:2659). Taxa: Antidorcas marsupialis. References: De Ruiter et al. (Reference De Ruiter, Churchill, Brophy and Berger2011).
Lesedi Chamber (2601:2743). Taxa: Homo naledi. References: Hawks et al. (Reference Hawks, Elliott and Schmid2017).
Lincoln Cave (2627BA). Taxa: Antidorcas; Canis mesomelas; Damaliscus niro; Equus burchellii; Hippopotamus amphibius; Hippotragus; Homo erectus cf.; Hystrix cf.; Otocyon megalotis; Papio ursinus cf.; Pedetes capensis; Pelea capreolus; Phacochoerus africanus; Procavia capensis; Raphicerus; Suricata suricatta; Taurotragus oryx cf.; Tragelaphus scriptus cf.; Vulpes chama. References: Reynolds et al. (Reference Reynolds, Clarke and Kuman2007); Wadley (Reference Wadley2015).
Linkerhandsgat (3419). Taxa: Alcelaphus caama cf.; Canis mesomelas; Crocuta. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1955).
Little England (3222BD). Taxa: Equus burchellii cf. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1955).
Longlands (2824). Taxa: Crocuta crocuta; Equus burchellii; Equus capensis; Hippopotamus amphibius; Metridiochoerus andrewsi; Notochoerus capensis. References: Broom (Reference Broom1925, Reference Broom1928); Cooke (Reference Cooke1949a).
Lower Kemp’s Cave (2605:2742). Taxa: Aepyceros melampus; Alcelaphus buselaphus; Antidorcas marsupialis; Canis mesomelas; Connochaetes gnou; Connochaetes taurinus; Crocuta crocuta; Damaliscus pygargus; Equus burchellii; Equus capensis; Genetta genetta; Hippotragus niger cf.; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Leptailurus serval; Lepus saxatilis; Panthera pardus; Papio ursinus; Parahyaena brunnea; Pedetes capensis; Pelea capreolus; Phacochoerus africanus; Potamochoerus larvatus; Procavia capensis; Pronolagus; Raphicerus campestris; Redunca arundinum; Taurotragus oryx; Tragelaphus strepsiceros; Vulpes chama. References: Swanepoel (Reference Swanepoel2003).
Luleche (2550:2751). Taxa: Oreotragus oreotragus; Redunca; Tragelaphus angasii. References: Adams et al. (Reference Adams, Hemingway, Kegley and Thackeray2007a).
Mahemspan (2746:2609). Taxa: Alcelaphus buselaphus; Antidorcas bondi; Antidorcas marsupialis; Connochaetes gnou; Connochaetes taurinus; Crocuta crocuta; Damaliscus niro; Damaliscus pygargus; Equus capensis; Equus quagga cf.; Hippopotamus amphibius; Hippotragus; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Kobus leche; Megalotragus priscus; Panthera leo; Phacochoerus africanus; Syncerus antiquus; Taurotragus oryx. References: Brink (Reference Brink1993, Reference Brink2005); Brophy et al. (Reference Brophy, De Ruiter, Athreya and DeWitt2014); Hoffman (Reference Hoffman1953); Van Hoepen (Reference Van Hoepen1947).
Malapa (2553:2748). Taxa: Atilax mesotes; Australopithecus sediba; Cynictis cf.; Dinofelis barlowi; Elephantulus; Equus; Felis nigripes; Felis silvestris; Genetta; Lepus; Lycaon; Megantereon whitei; Mungos; Oreotragus; Panthera pardus; Papio; Parahyaena brunnea; Rhynchogale cf.; Tragelaphus scriptus cf.; Tragelaphus strepsiceros cf.; Vulpes chama; Vulpes skinneri. References: Dirks et al. (Reference Dirks, Kibii and Kuhn2010); Kuhn et al. (Reference Kuhn, Werdelin, Hartstone-Rose, Lacruz and Berger2011, Reference Kuhn, Herries and Price2016); Val et al. (Reference Val, Carlson and Steininger2011, Reference Val, Dirks, Backwell, D’Errico and Berger2014).
Meerholtzkop (2727BB). Taxa: Megalotragus priscus. References: Hoffman (Reference Hoffman1953).
Melkbos (3342:1824). Taxa: Antidorcas australis; Bathyergus suillus; Canis mesomelas; Ceratotherium simum; Connochaetes; Diceros bicornis; Equus capensis; Hippopotamus amphibius; Loxodonta africana; Panthera leo; Parahyaena brunnea; Raphicerus; Redunca arundinum; Syncerus; Taurotragus oryx; Tragelaphus strepsiceros. References: Hendey (Reference Hendey1968, Reference Hendey1969); Klein (Reference Klein1974b).
Mimosa 559 (2827:2638). Taxa: Antidorcas bondi; Antidorcas marsupialis; Connochaetes gnou; Damaliscus pygargus; Equus burchellii; Equus capensis; Giraffa camelopardalis; Hippotragus niger; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Kobus ellipsiprymnus; Kobus leche; Megalotragus priscus; Phacochoerus africanus. References: De Ruiter et al. (Reference De Ruiter, Churchill, Brophy and Berger2011).
Minaar’s Cave (2559:2746). Other names: SAAN-0004; Hadeco. Taxa: Canis mesomelas; Crocuta crocuta; Equus capensis; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Megalotragus; Oreotragus oreotragus; Panthera pardus; Papio izodi cf.; Procavia antiqua; Tragelaphus strepsiceros. References: Brain (Reference Brain1981); Berger and Brink, (Reference Berger and Brink2001); Churcher (Reference Churcher1970); Freedman (Reference Freedman1970); Gommery et al. (Reference Gommery, Badenhorst, Sénégas, Potze and Kgasi2012b).
Mitasrust Farm (2826). Taxa: Connochaetes antiquus cf.; Damaliscus pygargus; Equus burchellii; Equus capensis cf.; Megalotragus priscus; Phacochoerus africanus; Syncerus antiquus. References: Rossouw (Reference Rossouw2006).
Mockesdam (2928AB). Taxa: Megalotragus priscus. References: Hoffman (Reference Hoffman1953).
Modder River (2825). Megalotragus priscus; Syncerus antiquus. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1955).
Morris Draai (2824). Taxa: Equus capensis cf.; Hippopotamus amphibius; Hippotragus niger cf.; Tragelaphus strepsiceros. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1949a).
Motsetse (2554:2749). Taxa: Antidorcas; Canis mesomelas; Connochaetes taurinus; Crocuta crocuta; Damaliscus; Dinofelis piveteaui; Equus; Genetta; Oreotragus oreotragus cf.; Pelea capreolus cf.; Procavia capensis; Redunca; Tragelaphus strepsiceros. References: Berger and Lacruz (Reference Berger and Lacruz2003); Reynolds (Reference Reynolds2010b).
Namib IV (2347:1520). Taxa: Elephas recki; Equus burchellii cf.; Syncerus caffer cf. References: Klein (Reference Klein1988); Shackley (Reference Shackley1980, Reference Shackley1985).
Nelson Bay Cave (3406:2322). Taxa: Alcelaphus caama cf.; Antidorcas marsupialis cf.; Aonyx capensis; Atilax paludinosus; Canis mesomelas; Caracal caracal; Connochaetes gnou cf.; Damaliscus pygargus; Equus capensis; Felis silvestris; Galerella pulverulenta; Herpestes ichneumon; Hippopotamus amphibius; Hippotragus; Homo sapiens; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Lepus capensis; Megalotragus; Mellivora capensis; Orycteropus afer; Ourebia ourebi; Panthera pardus; Papio ursinus; Parahyaena brunnea; Pelea capreolus; Phacochoerus africanus; Philantomba monticola; Potamochoerus larvatus; Procavia capensis; Raphicerus; Redunca arundinum; Redunca fulvorufula; Smutsia temminckii cf.; Sylvicapra grimmia; Syncerus caffer; Taurotragus oryx; Tragelaphus scriptus. References: Brophy et al. (Reference Brophy, De Ruiter, Athreya and DeWitt2014); Klein (Reference Klein1972, Reference Klein1974b); Pearce (Reference Pearce2008).
Niekerk’s Rush (2824). Taxa: Equus burchellii. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1949a).
Nooitgedacht (2830). Taxa: Homo sapiens. References: Morris et al. (Reference Morris, Louw, Van Wyk and Cooper1995).
Nooitgedacht (3419). Taxa: Aepyceros melampus; Redunca arundinum. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1955).
Nos (2530:1530). Taxa: Antidorcas marsupialis; Canis; Procavia. References: Thackeray (Reference Thackeray1979).
Nosib (1925:1748). Taxa: Crocidura; Cryptomys; Dasymys; Dendromus; Gerbilliscus; Gerbillurus; Graphiurus; Malacothrix; Mastomys; Mus; Mystromys; Rhabdomys; Rhinolophus; Steatomys; Stenodontomys; Zelotomys. References: Pickford and Senut (Reference Pickford and Senut2010).
Nxazini Pans (2005:2522). Other names: SAAN-0034, 0035. Taxa: Antidorcas bondi; Connochaetes taurinus cf.; Damaliscus; Elephas; Equus burchellii; Equus capensis cf.; Hippopotamus; Metridiochoerus; Phacochoerus; Procavia; Sylvicapra cf.; Syncerus; Tragelaphus scriptus. References: Berger and Brink (Reference Berger and Brink2001).
Old Pont Site (2824). Taxa: Elephas iolensis; Equus burchellii; Hippopotamus amphibius; Tragelaphus strepsiceros. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1949a).
Ondera (1839:1339). Taxa: Procavia. References: Pickford and Senut (Reference Pickford and Senut2010); Pickford et al. (Reference Pickford, Senut, Mein and Conroy1993).
Ongers River (2957:2311). Taxa: Megalotragus priscus. References: Brink et al. (Reference Brink, De Bruiyn, Rademeyer and Van der Westhuizen1995).
Oranjemund (2833:1624). Taxa: Homo sapiens. References: Senut et al. (Reference Senut, Pickford, Braga, Marais and Coppens2000).
Otjiseva (2216BD). Taxa: Homo sapiens. References: De Villiers (Reference De Villiers1972a); Sydow (Reference Sydow1969).
Peers Cave (3407:1825). Taxa: Equus capensis; Equus zebra; Homo sapiens. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1955); Pfeiffer (Reference Pfeiffer, Jerardino, Malan and Braun2013).
Pinnacle Point (3422AA). Taxa: Alcelaphus buselaphus; Antidorcas marsupialis; Bathyergus suillus; Canis mesomelas; Caracal caracal; Connochaetes gnou; Crocidura cyanea; Crocidura flavescens; Cryptomys hottentotus; Damaliscus niro; Damaliscus pygargus; Dendromus mystacalis; Diceros bicornis; Elephantulus; Elephantulus edwardii; Equus capensis cf.; Equus quagga cf.; Felis silvestris; Galerella pulverulenta; Genetta; Georychus capensis; Gerbilliscus afra; Grammomys dolichurus; Hippotragus leucophaeus; Homo sapiens; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Ictonyx striatus; Lepus capensis; Megalotragus priscus; Mellivora capensis; Mus minutoides; Myomyscus verreauxii; Myosorex varius; Myotis; Mystromys albicaudatus; Oreotragus oreotragus; Otocyon megalotis; Otomys irroratus; Otomys saundersiae; Panthera leo; Panthera pardus; Papio ursinus; Parahyaena brunnea; Pedetes capensis; Pelea capreolus; Phacochoerus africanus; Procavia capensis; Raphicerus campestris; Raphicerus melanotis; Redunca arundinum; Redunca fulvorufula; Rhabdomys pumilio; Rhinolophus clivosus; Saccostomus campestris; Steatomys krebsii; Suncus infinitesimus; Suncus varilla; Syncerus antiquus; Syncerus caffer; Taurotragus oryx; Tragelaphus scriptus cf.; Vulpes chama; Zelotomys. References: Armstrong (Reference Armstrong2016); Brophy et al. (Reference Brophy, De Ruiter, Athreya and DeWitt2014); Marean et al. (Reference Marean, Nilssen, Brown, Jerardino and Stynder2004); Matthews et al. (Reference Matthews, Marean and Nilssen2009, Reference Matthews, Rector, Jacobs, Herries and Marean2011); McGrath et al. (Reference McGrath, Cleghorn and Gennari2015); Rector and Reed (Reference Rector and Reed2010); Wadley (Reference Wadley2015).
Plovers Lake (2559:2747). Taxa: Aethomys chrysophilus; Alcelaphus buselaphus; Antidorcas bondi; Antidorcas marsupialis; Aonyx capensis; Atilax paludinosus; Canis mesomelas; Chlorocebus aethiops; Connochaetes gnou; Connochaetes taurinus; Crocidura silacea; Crocuta crocuta cf.; Cryptomys hottentotus; Cynictis penicillata cf.; Damaliscus niro; Damaliscus pygargus; Dendromus melanotis; Elephantulus; Equus burchellii; Equus capensis; Felis silvestris; Galerella sanguinea cf.; Genetta tigrina; Gerbilliscus; Hippopotamus; Hippotragus; Homo sapiens; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Ictonyx striatus; Kobus ellipsiprymnus; Lepus; Lycaon pictus; Mastomys natalensis; Megalotragus priscus; Mellivora capensis; Metridiochoerus andrewsi; Micaelamys namaquensis cf.; Mungos mungo cf.; Mus minutoides; Mystromys albicaudatus; Otocyon megalotis; Otomys irroratus; Panthera leo cf.; Panthera pardus cf.; Papio robinsoni; Papio ursinus; Parahyaena brunnea; Pelea capreolus; Phacochoerus africanus; Procavia capensis; Procavia transvaalensis; Raphicerus campestris; Redunca arundinum; Redunca fulvorufula; Steatomys pratensis; Suricata suricatta; Syncerus caffer; Taurotragus oryx; Tragelaphus strepsiceros; Vulpes chama; Zelotomys woosnami. References: Brophy et al. (Reference Brophy, De Ruiter, Lewis, Churchill and Berger2006, Reference Brophy, De Ruiter, Athreya and DeWitt2014); De Ruiter et al. (Reference De Ruiter, Brophy, Lewis, Churchill and Berger2008a); McKee et al. (Reference McKee, Thackeray and Berger1995); Reynolds (Reference Reynolds2010b); Thackeray and Watson (Reference Thackeray and Watson1994); Wadley (Reference Wadley2015).
Pneil (2824BD). Taxa: Connochaetes gnou; Damaliscus niro; Damaliscus pygargus; Elephas iolensis; Equus burchellii; Equus capensis; Hippopotamus amphibius; Kobus leche cf.; Kolpochoerus paiceae; Loxodonta africana; Megalotragus priscus; Phacochoerus africanus; Phacochoerus altidens; Syncerus caffer; Taurotragus. References: Broom (Reference Broom1928); Cooke (Reference Cooke1939); Cooke and Wells (Reference Cooke and Wells1946); Hoffman (Reference Hoffman1953); Hutson (Reference Hutson2016); Shaw and Cooke (Reference Shaw and Cooke1940).
Pockenbank (2713:1631). Taxa: Canis; Equus zebra cf.; Lepus; Oreotragus oreotragus; Oryx gazella; Procavia capensis. References: Thackeray (Reference Thackeray1979); Wadley (Reference Wadley2015).
Pomongwe (2032:2830). Taxa: Connochaetes taurinus cf.; Damaliscus lunatus cf.; Equus burchellii; Equus capensis; Hippotragus equinus; Hippotragus niger; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Kobus ellipsiprymnus; Lepus; Mellivora capensis; Oreotragus oreotragus; Panthera pardus; Pedetes capensis; Phacochoerus africanus; Potamochoerus larvatus; Procavia capensis; Raphicerus campestris; Raphicerus sharpei cf.; Redunca arundinum; Taurotragus oryx; Tragelaphus scriptus; Tragelaphus strepsiceros. References: Brain (Reference Brain1981); Wadley (Reference Wadley2015).
Power’s Site (2832:2428DA). Taxa: Alcelaphus caama cf.; Antidorcas bondi; Antidorcas recki; Ceratotherium simum; Connochaetes; Damaliscus pygargus cf.; Elephas iolensis; Elephas recki; Equus burchellii; Equus capensis; Equus quagga cf.; Equus sandwithi cf.; Hippopotamus amphibius; Loxodonta; Megalotragus priscus; Metridiochoerus andrewsi; Metridiochoerus compactus; Phacochoerus africanus; Phacochoerus altidens; Redunca arundinum; Sylvicapra grimmia; Syncerus antiquus; Syncerus caffer cf.; Taurotragus oryx. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1949a); Klein (Reference Klein1988); Power (Reference Power1955).
Pretoria (2528). Taxa: Papio spelaeus. References: Broom (Reference Broom1936b); Freedman (Reference Freedman1970).
Prieska (2922DA). Taxa: Megalotragus priscus. References: Hoffman (Reference Hoffman1953).
Putslaagte 8 (3218). Taxa: Bathyergus suillus; Caracal caracal; Equus; Hippotragus leucophaeus; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Oreotragus oreotragus; Procavia capensis; Raphicerus; Redunca; Sylvicapra grimmia; Syncerus caffer. References: Mackay et al. (Reference Mackay, Jacobs and Steele2015).
Ravenscraig (3000:2747). Taxa: Equus; Oreotragus oreotragus; Pelea capreolus. References: Plug (Reference Plug1997b).
Redcliff (1901:2946). Taxa: Aepyceros melampus; Alcelaphus cf.; Antidorcas bondi; Antidorcas marsupialis; Aonyx; Atelerix frontalis; Canis mesomelas; Ceratotherium simum; Connochaetes taurinus; Crocuta crocuta; Damaliscus pygargus; Dendrohyrax arboreus; Equus burchellii; Equus capensis; Felis silvestris; Galerella sanguinea; Giraffa camelopardalis; Hippopotamus amphibius; Hippotragus; Homo sapiens; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Ichneumia albicauda; Kobus ellipsiprymnus; Kobus leche; Lepus; Loxodonta africana; Lycaon pictus; Megalotragus priscus; Mellivora capensis; Metridiochoerus; Oreotragus oreotragus; Orycteropus afer; Ourebia ourebi; Panthera leo; Panthera pardus; Papio ursinus; Parahyaena brunnea; Pedetes capensis; Pelea capreolus; Phacochoerus africanus; Procavia capensis; Raphicerus; Redunca arundinum; Redunca fulvorufula; Smutsia temminckii; Sylvicapra grimmia; Syncerus antiquus; Syncerus caffer; Taurotragus oryx; Tragelaphus strepsiceros; Vulpes chama. References: Cruz-Uribe (Reference Cruz-Uribe1983); Klein (Reference Klein1978b); Wadley (Reference Wadley2015).
Reunion Rocks (2930DD). Taxa: Loxodonta africana. References: Ramsay et al. (Reference Ramsay, Smith and Lee-Thorp1993).
Riet River (2614:2948). Taxa: Connochaetes antiquus; Equus quagga; Homo; Kobus leche; Megalotragus cf.; Parahyaena brunnea; Phacochoerus. References: Berger and Brink (Reference Berger and Brink1996).
Rietfontein (1942:1753). Taxa: Antidorcas; Oryx; Panthera pardus; Procavia. References: Pickford and Senut (Reference Pickford and Senut2010).
River-bed above the Island (2824). Taxa: Equus capensis; Hippopotamus amphibius; Loxodonta africana cf.; Syncerus caffer. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1949a).
River-bed below the Island (2824). Taxa: Elephas iolensis; Hippopotamus amphibius. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1949a).
Riverton (2831:2442). Taxa: Equus burchellii; Equus capensis; Hippopotamus amphibius; Phacochoerus africanus. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1949a).
Rocky II and III (1748:1342). Taxa: Crocidura; Desmodillus; Elephantulus; Gerbilliscus; Graphiurus; Lepus; Malacothrix; Mastomys; Mus; Myotis; Nycteris; Pedetes; Petromus; Petromyscus; Procavia; Rhabdomys; Rhinolophus; Saccostomus; Steatomys; Thallomys; Thryonomys; Zelotomys. References: Pickford and Senut (Reference Pickford and Senut2010); Pickford et al. (Reference Pickford, Senut, Mein and Conroy1993).
Rose Cottage Cave (2913:2728). Taxa: Aepyceros melampus cf.; Alcelaphus buselaphus; Antidorcas bondi; Antidorcas marsupialis; Aonyx capensis cf.; Cephalophus natalensis; Connochaetes gnou; Connochaetes taurinus; Cricetomys ansorgei cf.; Cryptomys hottentotus; Damaliscus pygargus; Equus burchellii; Equus capensis; Giraffa camelopardalis cf.; Herpestes; Hippotragus leucophaeus cf.; Homo sapiens; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Lepus; Mastomys natalensis; Megalotragus priscus; Papio ursinus; Pedetes capensis; Pelea capreolus cf.; Phacochoerus africanus; Philantomba monticola; Potamochoerus larvatus; Procavia capensis; Redunca fulvorufula; Smutsia temminckii; Sylvicapra grimmia cf.; Syncerus antiquus cf.; Syncerus caffer; Taurotragus oryx; Tragelaphus scriptus; Tragelaphus strepsiceros. References: Avery (Reference Avery1997b); Brophy et al. (Reference Brophy, De Ruiter, Athreya and DeWitt2014); Plug (Reference Plug1997b); Plug and Engela (Reference Plug and Engela1992); Welbourne (Reference Welbourne and Kohary1988); Wells (Reference Wells2006).
SAAN-0005 (2559:2746). Taxa: Equus capensis; Megalotragus; Oreotragus oreotragus; Procavia capensis. References: Berger and Brink (Reference Berger and Brink2001).
Saldanha Bay (3300:1757). Taxa: Equus capensis. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1955); Freedman (Reference Freedman1970).
Saldanha Bay Yacht Club (3317BB). Taxa: Bathyergus suillus; Chrysochloris asiatica; Crocidura cyanea; Crocidura flavescens; Cryptomys hottentotus; Dendromus melanotis; Dendromus mesomelas; Elephantulus edwardii; Gerbilliscus afra; Gerbillurus paeba; Myosorex varius; Myotomys unisulcatus; Mystromys albicaudatus; Otomys irroratus; Otomys saundersiae; Rhabdomys pumilio; Rhinolophus clivosus; Steatomys krebsii; Suncus varilla. References: Manthi (Reference Manthi2002); Matthews et al. (Reference Matthews, Denys and Parkington2007).
Sand River (2826AA). Taxa: Megalotragus priscus. References: Hoffman (Reference Hoffman1953); Van Hoepen (Reference Van Hoepen1947).
Schmidt’s Drift (2824DA). Taxa: Equus capensis. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1949a).
Schoolplaats No. 1 (2824BB). Taxa: Equus capensis. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1949a).
Sea Harvest (3301:1757). Taxa: Acinonyx jubatus; Antidorcas australis cf.; Aonyx capensis; Bathyergus suillus; Canis mesomelas; Ceratotherium simum; Crocuta crocuta; Damaliscus pygargus; Equus capensis; Equus quagga; Felis silvestris; Galerella pulverulenta; Genetta tigrina cf.; Herpestes ichneumon; Hippopotamus amphibius; Hippotragus leucophaeus; Homo sapiens; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Ictonyx striatus; Leptailurus serval cf.; Leptis capensis; Lepus saxatilis; Loxodonta africana; Lycaon pictus; Mellivora capensis; Oreotragus oreotragus; Orycteropus afer; Panthera leo; Panthera pardus; Papio ursinus; Parahyaena brunnea; Pelea capreolus; Phacochoerus africanus; Procavia capensis; Raphicerus campestris; Raphicerus melanotis; Redunca arundinum; Sylvicapra grimmia; Taurotragus oryx; Tragelaphus strepsiceros. References: Brophy et al. (Reference Brophy, De Ruiter, Athreya and DeWitt2014); Grine and Klein (Reference Grine and Klein1993).
Sehonghong (2946:2847). Taxa: Alcelaphus buselaphus; Antidorcas marsupialis; Canis mesomelas; Caracal caracal; Chlorocebus pygerythrus; Connochaetes gnou; Cryptomys hottentotus; Damaliscus pygargus; Equus capensis; Equus quagga; Hippotragus equinus; Hippotragus leucophaeus; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Ictonyx striatus; Lepus saxatilis; Megalotragus priscus; Oreotragus oreotragus; Panthera leo; Panthera pardus; Papio ursinus; Pelea capreolus; Phacochoerus africanus; Procavia capensis; Raphicerus campestris; Redunca fulvorufula; Sylvicapra grimmia; Taurotragus oryx. References: Horsburgh et al. (Reference Horsburgh, Orton and Klein2016); Plug and Mitchell (Reference Plug and Mitchell2008); Wadley (Reference Wadley2015).
Sheppard Island (2725DA). Other names: Bloemhof site. Taxa: Elephas iolensis; Equus burchellii; Equus capensis; Equus sandwithi; Hippopotamus amphibius; Megalotragus priscus; Phacochoerus africanus cf.; Syncerus antiquus; Syncerus caffer; Tragelaphus?. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1949a, Reference Cooke1955).
Sibudu (2931:3105). Taxa: Aepyceros melampus; Alcelaphus buselaphus; Aonyx capensis cf.; Atilax paludinosus; Cephalophus natalensis; Cercopithecus albogularis; Chlorocebus aethiops; Chlorocebus pygerythrus; Connochaetes taurinus; Cricetomys ansorgei; Cryptomys hottentotus; Damaliscus pygargus; Elephantulus myurus; Equus burchellii cf.; Equus capensis cf.; Equus quagga; Felis silvestris; Galerella sanguinea; Genetta tigrina cf.; Georychus capensis; Giraffa camelopardalis; Hippopotamus amphibius; Hippotragus equinus; Homo sapiens; Hystrix africaeaustralis cf.; Ictonyx striatus cf.; Kobus ellipsiprymnus; Lepus saxatilis; Loxodonta africana; Mastomys natalensis; Megalotragus priscus; Myosorex varius; Oreotragus oreotragus; Orycteropus afer; Otomys angoniensis; Otomys irroratus; Otomys laminatus; Panthera leo; Papio ursinus; Parahyaena brunnea; Pelea capreolus; Phacochoerus africanus; Philantomba monticola; Potamochoerus larvatus; Procavia capensis; Pronolagus crassicaudatus; Pronolagus rupestris; Raphicerus campestris; Redunca arundinum; Redunca fulvorufula; Rhabdomys pumilio; Rhinolophus clivosus; Smutsia temminckii; Sylvicapra grimmia; Syncerus antiquus; Syncerus caffer; Taurotragus oryx; Thryonomys swinderianus; Tragelaphus scriptus; Tragelaphus strepsiceros. References: Cain (Reference Cain2006); Clark and Plug (Reference Clark and Plug2008); Glenny (Reference Glenny2006); Le Roux and Badenhorst (Reference Le Roux and Badenhorst2016); Plug (Reference Plug1997d, Reference Plug2004); Wadley et al. (Reference Wadley, Plug, Clark, Badenhorst, Mitchell and Driver2008); Wells (Reference Wells2006).
Silberberg Grotto (2627). Taxa: Acinonyx jubatus; Australopithecus; Homotherium crenatidens; Lycyaenops silberbergi; Megantereon whitei; Panthera pardus. References: Reynolds (Reference Reynolds2010b).
SK400 (2941:1704). Other names: Springbok Midden. Taxa: Antidorcas marsupialis; Canis. References: Dewar (Reference Dewar2007); Dewar et al. (Reference Dewar, Halkett, Hart, Orton and Sealy2006).
Spitzkloof A Rockshelter (2852:1705). Taxa: Alcelaphus buselaphus; Antidorcas marsupialis; Bathyergus janetta; Canis mesomelas; Lepus capensis; Mus; Oreotragus oreotragus; Oryx gazella; Parotomys brantsii; Procavia capensis; Raphicerus campestris; Sylvicapra grimmia. References: Dewar and Stewart (Reference Dewar and Stewart2012, Reference Dewar, Stewart, Jones and Stewart2016, Reference Dewar and Stewart2017); Wadley (Reference Wadley2015).
Spitskop B (2827:2748). Taxa: Antidorcas bondi; Antidorcas marsupialis; Connochaetes gnou; Connochaetes taurinus; Damaliscus niro; Damaliscus pygargus; Equus capensis; Equus quagga cf.; Hippotragus; Megalotragus priscus; Phacochoerus africanus; Syncerus antiquus; Taurotragus oryx. References: Brink (Reference Brink2005).
Spreeuwal (3318AA). Taxa: Bathyergus suillus; Connochaetes gnou; Damaliscus pygargus; Diceros bicornis; Equus capensis; Equus quagga; Gerbillurus paeba; Hippotragus leucophaeus; Lepus saxatilis; Megalotragus priscus; Oryx gazella; Otomys saundersiae; Parahyaena brunnea; Raphicerus campestris; Redunca arundinum; Syncerus antiquus; Taurotragus oryx. References: Avery (Reference Avery1997); Brophy et al. (Reference Brophy, De Ruiter, Athreya and DeWitt2014); Klein et al. (Reference Klein, Avery, Cruz-Uribe and Steele2007).
Sterkfontein (2601:2744). Taxa: Acomys spinosissimus cf.; Aepyceros; Aethomys chrysophilus; Amblysomus; Antidorcas bondi; Antidorcas marsupialis; Antidorcas recki; Arvicanthis?; Australopithecus africanus; Canis antiquus; Canis mesomelas; Cercopithecoides williamsi cf.; Chasmaporthetes nitidula; Chlorotalpa sclateri; Chlorotalpa spelea; Chrysospalax villosus; Connochaetes gnou cf.; Connochaetes taurinus; Crocidura silacea cf.; Crocuta crocuta; Cryptomys hottentotus; Cryptomys robertsi; Damaliscus pygargus cf.; Dasymys ‘broomi’; Dasymys incomtus cf.; Dendromus melanotis; Dendromus mesomelas cf.; Dinofelis barlowi; Elephantulus antiquus; Elephantulus brachyrhynchus cf.; Elephantulus broomi; Elephantulus fuscus; Elephantulus intufi; Elephas recki; Equus burchellii; Equus capensis; Eurygnathohippus cornelianus; Gazella?; Georychus capensis; Gerbilliscus brantsii cf.; Gerbilliscus leucogaster cf.; Graphiurus; Herpestes ichneumon; Hippopotamus amphibius; Hippotragus cookei; Hippotragus equinus; Hippotragus niger; Homo erectus; Homo gautengensis; Homotherium crenatidens; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Hystrix cristata?; Lepus capensis; Lycyaenops silberbergi; Macroscelides proboscideus; ‘Makapania’ broomi cf.; Malacothrix typica; Mastomys natalensis sl.; Megalotragus cf.; Megantereon gracile; Megantereon whitei; Metridiochoerus modestus; Micaelamys namaquensis cf.; Miniopterus natalensis; Mungos mungo cf.; Mus minutoides cf.; Mylomygale spiersi?; Myosorex cafer; Myosorex robinsoni; Myotis tricolor; Myotomys sloggetti; Mystromys albicaudatus; Mystromys hausleitneri; Oreotragus oreotragus; Otocyon megalotis; Otomys gracilis; Otomys irroratus; Otomys saundersiae; Pachycrocuta brevirostris; Panthera leo; Panthera pardus; Papio izodi; Papio robinsoni; Papio ursinus; Parahyaena brunnea; Paranthropus robustus; Parapapio broomi; Parapapio jonesi; Parapapio whitei; Pedetes capensis; Pelea capreolus; Pelomys fallax cf.?; Phacochoerus africanus; Phacochoerus antiquus; Proamblysomus antiquus; Procavia antiqua; Procavia capensis; Procavia transvaalensis; Pronolagus; Proodontomys cookei; Proteles; Raphicerus campestris; Redunca darti; Rhabdomys pumilio; Rhinolophus capensis cf.; Rhinolophus clivosus cf.; Rhinolophus darlingi cf.; Saccostomus campestris; Steatomys pratensis; Suncus varilla; Suricata suricatta; Sylvicapra grimmia; Syncerus; Thallomys paedulcus cf.; Theropithecus oswaldi; Tragelaphus angasii aff.; Tragelaphus scriptus cf.; Tragelaphus strepsiceros; Vulpes chama; Zelotomys woosnami cf. References: Avery (Reference Avery2000, Reference Avery2001); Berger et al. (Reference Berger, Lacruz and De Ruiter2002); Berger and Tobias (Reference Berger and Tobias1994); Broom (Reference Broom1937a, Reference Broom1937b, Reference Broom1939c, Reference Broom1940, Reference Broom1948a); Broom and Robinson (Reference Broom and Robinson1949a); Brophy et al. (Reference Brophy, De Ruiter, Athreya and DeWitt2014); Churcher (Reference Churcher1970); Cooke (Reference Cooke1947); De Graaff (Reference De Graaff1961c); De Ruiter (Reference De Ruiter2004); De Ruiter et al. (Reference De Ruiter, Sponheimer and Lee Thorp2008b); Ewer (Reference Ewer and Brain1958b); Freedman (Reference Freedman1970); Kibii (Reference Kibii2006); Lavocat (Reference Lavocat, Clark and Cole1957); McKee (Reference McKee1991); McKee et al. (Reference McKee, Thackeray and Berger1995); Moggi-Cecchi et al. (Reference Moggi-Cecchi, Tobias and Benyon1998, Reference Moggi-Cecchi, Grine and Tobias2006); Ogola (Reference Ogola2009); Pocock (Reference Pocock1969, Reference Pocock1987); O’Regan (Reference O’Regan2007); Reynolds (Reference Reynolds2010b); Reynolds and Kibii (Reference Reynolds and Kibii2011); Reynolds et al. (Reference Reynolds, Vogel, Clarke and Kuman2003, Reference Reynolds, Clarke and Kuman2007); Turner (Reference Turner1986, Reference Turner1987a, Reference Turner1997); Val and Stratford (Reference Val and Stratford2015); Vrba (Reference Vrba1974a).
Strathalan B (3059:2823). Taxa: Antidorcas marsupialis; Connochaetes gnou; Damaliscus pygargus; Equus; Hippotragus; Oreotragus oreotragus; Pelea capreolus; Phacochoerus africanus; Procavia capensis; Taurotragus oryx. References: Opperman (Reference Opperman1992, Reference Opperman1996); Wadley (Reference Wadley2015).
Sunnyside Pan (2839:2609). Taxa: Connochaetes gnou; Connochaetes taurinus; Crocuta crocuta; Damaliscus niro. References: Brink (Reference Brink2005).
Swart Duinen (3000:1702). Taxa: Bathyergus; Equus; Gerbillurus; Giraffa; Mastomys; Mystromys; Parotomys; Petromus; Pronolagus; Raphicerus campestris; Rhabdomys; Suricata suricatta. References: Pickford and Senut (Reference Pickford and Senut1997).
Swartklip (3405:1841). Other names: Zwartklip. Taxa: Antidorcas australis; Aonyx capensis; Atilax paludinosus; Bathyergus suillus; Canis mesomelas; Ceratotherium simum; Connochaetes gnou; Damaliscus; Equus capensis; Equus quagga; Felis silvestris; Herpestes ichneumon; Hippopotamus amphibius; Hippotragus leucophaeus; Ictonyx striatus; Leptailurus serval; Lycaon pictus; Mellivora capensis; Panthera leo; Panthera pardus; Parahyaena brunnea; Pelea capreolus; Raphicerus melanotis; Redunca arundinum; Suricata suricatta; Syncerus antiquus; Taurotragus oryx; Tragelaphus strepsiceros; Vulpes chama. References: Brophy et al. (Reference Brophy, De Ruiter, Athreya and DeWitt2014); Cruz-Uribe (Reference Cruz-Uribe1991); Ewer (Reference Ewer1958c); Hendey (Reference Hendey1968, Reference Hendey1969); Klein (Reference Klein1974b, Reference Klein1975a); Klein and Cruz-Uribe (Reference Klein and Cruz-Uribe1991); Singer and Fuller (Reference Singer and Fuller1962).
Swartkrans (2602:2743). Taxa: Acinonyx jubatus; Acomys spinosissimus; Aepyceros melampus; Aethomys chrysophilus cf.; Antidorcas australis; Antidorcas bondi; Aonyx capensis; Atilax mesotes; Canis mesomelas; Caracal caracal; Cercopithecoides williamsi; Chasmaporthetes nitidula; Chrysospalax villosus cf.; Connochaetes taurinus cf.; Crocuta crocuta; Cryptomys hottentotus; Cryptomys robertsi; Cynictis penicillata; Damaliscus niro?; Damaliscus pygargus cf.; Dasymys; Dendromus nyikae?; Dinofelis; Dinopithecus ingens; Elephantulus broomi; Elephantulus fuscus; Elephas; Eptesicus hottentotus cf.; Equus burchellii; Equus capensis; Equus quagga; Eurygnathohippus cornelianus; Felis silvestris; Galerella sanguinea; Gazella; Genetta tigrina; Gerbilliscus; Graphiurus; Herpestes ichneumon; Hippopotamus; Beatragus cf.; Hippotragus gigas cf.; Hippotragus niger cf.; Homo gautengensis; Homotherium?; Hyaena hyaena; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Kobus leche cf.; Leptailurus serval; Macroscelides proboscideus cf.; ‘Makapania’; Malacothrix typica; Mastomys coucha; Megalotragus; Megantereon whitei; Mellivora capensis; Metridiochoerus andrewsi; Micaelamys namaquensis cf.; Mus; Myosorex cafer cf.; Myosorex robinsoni; Myotis tricolor; Mystromys albicaudatus; Neamblysomus gunningi cf.; Numidocapra porrocornutus; Oreotragus oreotragus; Orycteropus afer; Otocyon recki; Otomys gracilis; Otomys saundersiae cf.; Panthera leo; Panthera pardus; Papio robinsoni; Parahyaena brunnea; Paranthropus robustus; Parapapio broomi; Parapapio jonesi; Parapapio whitei; Pedetes; Pelea capreolus; Phacochoerus antiquus; Procavia transvaalensis; Proodontomys cookei; Proteles transvaalensis; Raphicerus campestris; Redunca arundinum cf.; Redunca darti; Rhabdomys pumilio; Rhinolophus blasii cf.; Rhinolophus capensis cf.; Smutsia; Steatomys pratensis; Suncus varilla; Suricata suricatta; Syncerus; Taurotragus oryx; Thallomys; Theropithecus oswaldi; Tragelaphus angasii aff.; Tragelaphus scriptus; Tragelaphus strepsiceros; Vulpes pulcher. References: Avery (Reference Avery, Vrba, Denton, Partridge and Burckle1995b, Reference Avery1998, Reference Avery2001); Brain (Reference Brain1970, Reference Brain1976); Brain et al. (Reference Brain, Vrba and Robinson1974, Reference Brain, Churcher and Clark1988); Brain and Watson (Reference Brain and Watson1992); Brophy et al. (Reference Brophy, De Ruiter, Athreya and DeWitt2014); Churcher (Reference Churcher1970); De Ruiter (Reference De Ruiter2003); De Ruiter et al. (Reference De Ruiter, Steininger and Berger2006); De Ruiter et al. (Reference De Ruiter, Sponheimer and Lee Thorp2008b); Ewer (Reference Ewer and Brain1958b); Freedman (Reference Freedman1970); Gommery (Reference Gommery2008); Grine (Reference Grine1989, Reference Grine and Brain1993, Reference Grine2005); Grine and Daegling (Reference Grine and Daegling1993); Grine and Strait (Reference Grine and Strait1994); Grine and Susman (Reference Grine and Susman1991); Hendey (Reference Hendey1974b); McKee et al. (Reference McKee, Thackeray and Berger1995); Pickering et al. (Reference Pickering, Heaton and Clarke2012); Reynolds (Reference Reynolds2010b); Susman and De Ruiter (Reference Susman and De Ruiter2004); Stynder (Reference Stynder1997); Susman et al. (Reference Susman, De Ruiter and Brain2001); Turner (Reference Turner and Brain1993); Watson (Reference Watson and Brain1993a).
Swartlintjies 1 (3017). Taxa: Cryptomys; Equus; Homo; Loxodonta; Pronolagus; Sivatherium maurisium. References: Pickford and Senut (Reference Pickford and Senut1997).
Sydney-on-Vaal (2827:2419). Taxa: Damaliscus; Elephas iolensis; Elephas recki; Equus burchellii cf.; Hippopotamus amphibius; Loxodonta africana; Mammuthus subplanifrons. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1949a); Dart (Reference Dart1929b); Osborn (Reference Osborn1942); Wells (Reference Wells1964).
The Bend (2824DA). Taxa: Equus capensis. References: Broom (Reference Broom1928); Cooke (Reference Cooke1949a).
Thomeng (2742:2436). Other names: SAAN-0042, 0043. Taxa: Hystrix; Lepus; Oreotragus; Procavia. References: Berger and Brink (Reference Berger and Brink2001).
Tierfontein (2826AA). Taxa: Sivatherium maurisium. References: Singer and Boné (Reference Singer and Boné1960).
Tim’s Cave (1747:1359). Taxa: Lepus; Procavia. References: Pickford and Senut (Reference Pickford and Senut2010).
Tloutle (2928:2746). Taxa: Damaliscus pygargus; Equus burchellii; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Procavia capensis; Redunca fulvorufula. References: Mitchell (Reference Mitchell1993); Plug (Reference Plug1993d, Reference Plug1997b).
Tobias Cave (2737:2437). Taxa: Alcelaphus buselaphus; Antidorcas marsupialis; Canis mesomelas; Caracal caracal; Connochaetes gnou; Crocuta crocuta; Damaliscus pygargus; Diceros bicornis; Equus burchellii; Equus capensis; Homo sapiens; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Oreotragus oreotragus; Otocyon megalotis; Panthera leo; Panthera pardus; Papio ursinus; Parahyaena brunnea; Pelea capreolus; Phacochoerus africanus; Procavia capensis; Raphicerus campestris; Redunca fulvorufula; Sylvicapra grimmia; Syncerus caffer; Taurotragus oryx; Tragelaphus strepsiceros; Vulpes chama. References: McKee (Reference McKee1994).
Tuinplaas (2555:2845). Other names: Springbok Flats. Taxa: Equus capensis; Homo sapiens. References: Dusseldorp et al. (Reference Dusseldorp, Lombard and Wurz2013); Haughton (Reference Haughton1932a); Schepers (Reference Schepers1941).
Umhlatuzana (2948:3045). Taxa: Aethomys chrysophilus; Chlorocebus pygerythrus; Crocidura flavescens; Cryptomys hottentotus; Felis silvestris; Grammomys dolichurus; Hippotragus; Myosorex varius; Otomys irroratus; Otomys laminatus; Philantomba monticola; Procavia capensis; Redunca fulvorufula; Rhabdomys pumilio; Suncus varilla; Syncerus caffer; Thryonomys. References: Avery (Reference Avery1991b); Kaplan (Reference Kaplan1990).
Usakos (2159:1535). Taxa: Connochaetes; Equus sandwithi; Tragelaphus. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1955).
Vanwyksfontein (2724CD). Taxa: Equus zebra. References: Lundholm (Reference Lundholm1952).
Varsche Rivier 003 (3118DA). Taxa: Cryptomys hottentotus; Felis silvestris; Hippopotamus amphibius; Lepus; Oreotragus oreotragus; Raphicerus; Rhabdomys pumilio. References: Steele et al. (Reference Steele, Mackay, Orton and Schwortz2012); Wadley (Reference Wadley2015).
Virginia 751 (2806:2654). Taxa: Antidorcas marsupialis; Megalotragus priscus. References: Butzer (Reference Butzer1973); De Ruiter et al. (Reference De Ruiter, Churchill, Brophy and Berger2011).
Vlakkraal Thermal Springs (2826CC). Taxa: Alcelaphus caama; Antidorcas marsupialis; Connochaetes taurinus cf.; Crocuta crocuta cf.; Damaliscus pygargus cf.; Equus (Asinus); Equus burchellii; Equus capensis; Hippopotamus amphibius cf.; Hystrix; Kobus; Lycaon pictus cf.; Metridiochoerus compactus; Phacochoerus africanus; Redunca arundinum; Sylvicapra grimmia cf.; Syncerus antiquus; Taurotragus oryx cf.; Vulpes chama cf. References: Brink (Reference Brink1994); Cooke (Reference Cooke and Mason1962); Hoffman (Reference Hoffman1953); Wells et al. (Reference Wells, Cooke and Malan1942).
Vlakplaats (2628). Taxa: Antidorcas recki cf.; Lepus cf.; Parmularius cf.; Tragelaphus scriptus cf. References: Vrba and Panagos (Reference Vrba and Panagos1978).
Waldeck’s Plant (2824). Taxa: Equus burchellii cf.; Equus capensis; Equus quagga cf.; Hippopotamus amphibius; Loxodonta africana; Metridiochoerus modestus; Phacochoerus africanus. References: Beck (Reference Beck1906); Cooke (Reference Cooke1949a).
Warrenton (2824BB). Taxa: Crocuta crocuta; Equus burchellii; Syncerus antiquus. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1949a).
White Paintings Rock Shelter (1825:2130). Taxa: Ceratotherium simum; Crocidura hirta cf.; Equus capensis; Felis silvestris; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Lepus; Megalotragus priscus; Oreotragus oreotragus; Otocyon megalotis; Pedetes capensis; Redunca arundinum; Tragelaphus scriptus. References: Robbins (Reference Robbins1990); Robbins et al. (Reference Robbins, Murphy and Brook2000).
Willowbank (2824). Taxa: Aepyceros melampus; Connochaetes; Megalotragus priscus; Syncerus caffer. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1949a).
Windsorton (2824BB). Taxa: Equus capensis; Kolpochoerus paiceae. References: Broom (Reference Broom1931); Cooke (Reference Cooke1949a).
Winter’s Rush (2824). Taxa: Equus capensis. References: Broom (Reference Broom1928); Cooke (Reference Cooke1949a).
Witkrans Cave (2736:2436). Taxa: Elephantulus; Homo sapiens; Otomys gracilis. References: Davis (Reference Davis1961); Dusseldorp et al. (Reference Dusseldorp, Lombard and Wurz2013); Humphreys (Reference Humphreys1978); McCrossin (Reference McCrossin1992); Meester (Reference Meester1961a).
Wonderkrater (2426:2845). Taxa: Damaliscus; Equus quagga; Hippopotamus amphibius; Megalotragus priscus; Phacochoerus; Syncerus antiquus. References: Backwell et al. (Reference Backwell, McCarthy and Wadley2014).
Wonderwerk (2751:2333). Taxa: Acomys; Alcelaphus; Antidorcas; Canis mesomelas; Chlorotalpa sclateri; Chrysochloris asiatica; Chrysospalax; Connochaetes gnou?; Crocidura cyanea; Crocidura flavescens; Crocidura fuscomurina; Crocidura hirta cf.; Cryptomys hottentotus; Damaliscus pygargus; Dasymys incomtus; Dendromus melanotis; Desmodillus auricularis; Elephantulus myurus; Eptesicus hottentotus; Equus burchellii; Equus capensis; Eurygnathohippus; Gazella; Raphicerus campestris; Gerbilliscus; Gerbillurus paeba; Graphiurus microtis cf.; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Lemniscomys rosalia; Lepus capensis; Macroscelides proboscideus; Malacothrix typica; Mastomys coucha; Megalotragus priscus; Micaelamys namaquensis; Miniopterus natalensis; Mus minutoides; Myosorex varius; Mystromys albicaudatus; Neoromicia capensis; Oryx gazella; Otomys angoniensis; Papio ursinus; Pedetes capensis; Pelea capreolus cf.; Phacochoerus africanus; Procavia antiqua; Procavia capensis; Procavia transvaalensis; Pronolagus; Raphicerus; Rhabdomys pumilio; Rhinolophus capensis; Saccostomus campestris; Steatomys krebsii; Suncus varilla; Syncerus antiquus; Syncerus caffer; Tadarida aegyptiaca; Taurotragus oryx; Zelotomys woosnami. References: Avery (Reference Avery1981, Reference Avery, Vrba, Denton, Partridge and Burckle1995b, Reference Avery2007); Brink et al. (2015, Reference Brink, Holt and Kolska Horwitz2016); Fernandez-Jalvo and Avery (Reference Fernandez-Jalvo and Avery2015); Klein (Reference Klein1988); Malan and Cooke (Reference Malan and Cooke1941); Malan and Wells (Reference Malan and Wells1943); Thackeray (Reference Thackeray1984, Reference Thackeray2015); Wells et al. (Reference Wells, Cooke and Malan1942); Vrba (Reference Vrba1973); Wadley (Reference Wadley2015).
X Cave (2602:2743). Taxa: Aepyceros melampus; Antidorcas bondi; Connochaetes; Hippotragus; Oreotragus oreotragus; Pelea capreolus; Raphicerus campestris; Redunca; Syncerus; Taurotragus oryx. References: Van Zyl et al. (Reference Van Zyl, Badenhorst and Brink2016).
Yatala 73 (2807:2646). Taxa: Antidorcas marsupialis; Connochaetes gnou. References: De Ruiter et al. (Reference De Ruiter, Churchill, Brophy and Berger2011).
Ysterfontein 1 (3320:1809). Taxa: Bathyergus suillus; Canis mesomelas; Caracal caracal; Connochaetes gnou; Diceros bicornis; Equus; Felis silvestris; Hippotragus leucophaeus; Hystrix africaeaustralis; Lepus; Mellivora capensis; Procavia capensis; Raphicerus campestris; Redunca arundinum; Syncerus antiquus; Taurotragus oryx; Tragelaphus strepsiceros. References: Avery et al. (Reference Avery, Halkett and Orton2008); Halkett et al. (Reference Halkett, Hart and Yates2003); Klein et al. (Reference Klein, Avery and Cruz-Uribe2004); Wadley (Reference Wadley2015).
Ysterplaat (3318CD). Taxa: Equus capensis. References: Cooke (Reference Cooke1955).
Zais (2401:1608). Taxa: Procavia capensis. References: Cruz-Uribe and Klein (Reference Cruz-Uribe and Klein1981–1983).
Zebrarivier (2431:1716). Taxa: Gerbillurus paeba; Hipposideros vittatus; Oreotragus oreotragus; Parotomys littledalei cf.; Petromus typicus; Procavia capensis; Rhinolophus capensis. References: Avery (Reference Avery1984b); Broom (Reference Broom1928); Cruz-Uribe and Klein (Reference Cruz-Uribe and Klein1981–1983).
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