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Chapter 17 - Energy Pathways for Sustainable Development

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 September 2012

Global Energy Assessment Writing Team
By
Keywan Riahi ,
Frank Dentener ,
Dolf Gielen ,
Arnulf Grubler ,
Jessica Jewell ,
Zbigniew Klimont ,
Volker Krey ,
David McCollum ,
Shonali Pachauri  and
Shilpa Rao
...Show all authors
Keywan Riahi
Affiliation:
International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis
Frank Dentener
Affiliation:
Joint Research Center
Dolf Gielen
Affiliation:
United Nations Industrial Development Organization
Arnulf Grubler
Affiliation:
International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Austria and Yale University
Jessica Jewell
Affiliation:
Central European University
Zbigniew Klimont
Affiliation:
International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis
Volker Krey
Affiliation:
International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis
David McCollum
Affiliation:
University of California
Shonali Pachauri
Affiliation:
International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis
Shilpa Rao
Affiliation:
International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis
Bas van Ruijven
Affiliation:
PBL, Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency
Detlef P. van Vuuren
Affiliation:
PBL, Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency
Charlie Wilson
Affiliation:
Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research
Morna Isaac
Affiliation:
PBL, Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency
Mark Jaccard
Affiliation:
Simon Fraser University
Shigeki Kobayashi
Affiliation:
Toyota Central R&D Laboratories
Peter Kolp
Affiliation:
International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis
Eric D. Larson
Affiliation:
Princeton University and Climate Central
Yu Nagai
Affiliation:
Vienna University of Technology
Pallav Purohit
Affiliation:
International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis
Jules Schers
Affiliation:
PBL, Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency
Diana Ürge-Vorsatz
Affiliation:
Central European University
Rita van Dingenen
Affiliation:
Joint Research Center
Oscar van Vliet
Affiliation:
International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis
Granger Morgan
Affiliation:
Carnegie Mellon University
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Summary

Executive Summary

Chapter 17 explores possible transformational pathways of the future global energy system with the overarching aim of assessing the technological feasibility as well as the economic implications of meeting a range of sustainability objectives simultaneously. As such, it aims at the integration across objectives, and thus goes beyond earlier assessments of the future energy system that have mostly focused on either specific topics or single objectives. Specifically, the chapter assesses technical measures, policies, and related costs and benefits for meeting the objectives that were identified in Chapters 2 to 6, including:

  • providing almost universal access to affordable clean cooking and electricity for the poor;

  • limiting air pollution and health damages from energy use;

  • improving energy security throughout the world; and

  • limiting climate change.

The assessment of future energy pathways in this chapter shows that it is technically possible to achieve improved energy access, air quality, and energy security simultaneously while avoiding dangerous climate change. In fact, a number of alternative combinations of resources, technologies, and policies are found capable of attaining these objectives. From a large ensemble of possible transformations, three distinct groups of pathways (GEA-Supply, GEA-Mix, and GEA-Efficiency) have been identified and analyzed. Within each group, one pathway has been selected as “illustrative” in order to represent alternative evolutions of the energy system toward sustainable development. The pathway groups, together with the illustrative cases, depict salient branching points for policy implementation and highlight different degrees of freedom and different routes to the sustainability objectives.

Type
Chapter
Information
Global Energy Assessment
Toward a Sustainable Future
 , pp. 1205 - 1306
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2012

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