Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rcrh6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-20T16:01:35.952Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

7 - Antenatal Cardiotocography

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 March 2017

By
Francesco D’Antonio  and
Amar Bhide
Edited by
Edwin Chandraharan
Edwin Chandraharan
Affiliation:
St George's University of London
Get access

Summary

A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Chapter
Information
Handbook of CTG Interpretation
From Patterns to Physiology
 , pp. 45 - 54
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2017

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). Antepartum fetal surveillance. 1999. Practice Bulletin No. 9, October, Reaffirmed 2007.Google Scholar
National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. Antenatal care: routine care for the healthy pregnant woman. 2008. London: RCOG Press.Google Scholar
Lalor, JG, Fawole, B, Alfirevic, Z, Devane, D. Biophysical profile for fetal assessment in high risk pregnancies. 2008. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 23;CD000038.Google Scholar
Dawes, GS. The control of fetal heart rate and its variability in counts. In: Fetal heart rate monitoring. Ed. Kunzel, W. 1985. Berlin, Springer-Verlag, p. 188.Google Scholar
Pillai, M, James, D. The development of fetal heart rate patterns during normal pregnancy. 1990. Obstet Gynecol. 76;812–816.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Renou, P, Newman, W, Wood, C. Autonomic control of fetal heart rate. 1969. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 15;949–953.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gilstrap, LC, Hauth, JC, Toussaint, S. Second stage fetal heart rate abnormalities and neonatal acidosis. 1984. Obstet Gynecol. 63;209–213.Google ScholarPubMed
Gilstrap, LC, Hauth, JC, Hankins, GD, Beck, AW. Second-stage fetal heart rate abnormalities and type of neonatal acidemia. 1987. Obstet Gynecol. 70;191–195.Google ScholarPubMed
Jaeggi, ET, Friedberg, MK. Diagnosis and management of fetal brady-arrhythmias. 2008. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 31;S50–S53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Larma, JD, Silva, AM, Holcroft, CJ, Thompson, RE, Donohue, PK, Graham, EM. Intrapartum electronic fetal heart rate monitoring and the identification of metabolic acidosis and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. 2007. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 197;e1–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Smith, JH, Anand, KJ, Cotes, PM, Dawes, GS, Harkness, RA, Howlett, TA, Rees, LH, Redman, CW. Antenatal fetal heart rate variation in relation to the respiratory and metabolic status of the compromised human fetus. 1988. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 95;980–989.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Modanlou, HD, Freeman, RK. Sinusoidal fetal heart rate pattern: its definition and clinical significance. 1982. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 15;1033–1038.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Young, BK, Katz, M, Wilson, SJ. Sinusoidal fetal heart rate. I. Clinical significance. 1980. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1;587–593.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Epstein, H, Waxman, A, Gleicher, N, Lauersen, NH. Meperidine-induced sinusoidal fetal heart rate pattern and reversal with naloxone. 1982. Obstet Gynecol. 59;22S–25S.Google ScholarPubMed
Murphy, KW, Russell, V, Collins, A, Johnson, P. The prevalence, aetiology and clinical significance of pseudo-sinusoidal fetal heart rate patterns in labour. 1991. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 98;1093–1101.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Freeman, RK. The use of the oxytocin challenge test for antepartum clinical evaluation of uteroplacental respiratory function. 1975. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 15;481–489.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Borgatta, L, Shrout, PE, Divon, MY. Reliability and reproducibility of nonstress test readings. 1988. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 159; 554–558.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Donker, DK, van Geijn, HP, Hasman, A. Inter-observer variation in the assessment of fetal heart rate recordings. 1993. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 52;21–28.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Flynn, AM, Kelly, J, Matthews, K, O’Conor, M, Viegas, O. Predictive value of, and observer variability in, several ways of reporting antepartum cardiotocographs. 1982. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 89;434–440.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hage, ML. Interpretation of nonstress tests. 1985. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1;490–495.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lotgering, FK, Wallenburg, HC, Schouten, HJ. Interobserver and intraobserver variation in the assessment of antepartum cardiotocograms. 1982. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 15;701–705.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trimbos, JB, Keirse, MJ. Observer variability in assessment of antepartum cardiotocograms. 1978. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 85;900–906.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Devoe, LD, Castillo, RA, Sherline, DM. The non-stress test as a diagnostic test: a critical reappraisal. 1986. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 152;1047.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gribbin, C, Thornton, J. Critical evaluation of fetal assessment methods. In: High risk pregnancy management options. Eds. James, DK, Steer, PJ, Weiner, CP. 2006. Elsevier.Google Scholar
Devoe, LD. The nonstress test. 1990. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 17;111–128.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Smith, JH, Dawes, GS, Redman, CW. Low human fetal heart rate variation in normal pregnancy. 1987. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 94;656–664.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dawes, GS, Redman, CW, Smith, JH. Improvements in the registration and analysis of fetal heart rate records at the bedside. 1985. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 92;317–325.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pardey, J, Moulden, M, Redman, CW. A computer system for the numerical analysis of nonstress tests. 2002. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 186;1095–1103.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nijhuis, IJ, ten Hof, J, Mulder, EJ, Nijhuis, JG, Narayan, H, Taylor, DJ, Visser, GH. Fetal heart rate in relation to its variation in normal and growth retarded fetuses. 2000. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 89;27–33.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Grivell, RM, Alfirevic, Z, Gyte, GM, Devane, D. Antenatal cardiotocography for fetal assessment. 2012. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 12;CD007863.Google ScholarPubMed
Alfirevic, Z, Stampalija, T, Gyte, GM. Fetal and umbilical Doppler ultrasound in high-risk pregnancies. 2010. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 20;CD007529.Google Scholar
Bauer, A, Kantelhardt, JW, Barthel, P, Schneider, R, Mäkikallio, T, Ulm, K, Hnatkova, K, Schömig, A, Huikuri, H, Bunde, A, Malik, M, Schmidt, G. Deceleration capacity of heart rate as a predictor of mortality after myocardial infarction: cohort study. 2006. The Lancet. 367;1674–1681.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stampalija, T, Casati, D, Montico, M, Sassi, R, Rivolta, MW, Maggi, V, Bauer, A, Ferrazzi, E. Parameters influence on acceleration and deceleration capacity based on trans-abdominal ECG in early fetal growth restriction at different gestational age epochs. 2015. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 188;104–112.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Huhn, EA, Lobmaier, S, Fischer, T, Schneider, R, Bauer, A, Schneider, KT, Schmidt, G. New computerized fetal heart rate analysis for surveillance of intrauterine growth restriction. 2011. Prenat Diagn. 31;509–514.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Modanlou, HD, Murata, Y. Sinusoidal heart rate pattern: reappraisal of its definition and clinical significance. 2004. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 30;169–180.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. Intrapartum care: care of the healthy woman and their babies during childbirth. 2007. London: RCOG Press.Google Scholar
Pillai, M, James, D. The importance of the behavioural state in biophysical assessment of the term human fetus. 1990. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 97;1130–1134.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Henson, G, Dawes, GS, Redman, CW. Characterization of the reduced heart rate variation in growth-retarded fetuses. 1984. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 91;751–755.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×