Considering that judicial fragmentation and convergence concern the interpretation of human rights norms and provisions, this chapter discusses how the human rights bodies under analysis engage with the theory of treaty interpretation. In particular, the chapter illustrates how the human rights systems are engaging differently with judicial dialogue. Through a detailed analysis of the practice of each body, this chapter shows how judicial dialogue led to convergence and how the lack of it led to fragmentation. However, the chapter also highlights situations where despite judicial dialogue fragmentation still arose, discussing the duality and complexity of this instrument for the maintenance of convergence.