This section first introduces the Iguazu Falls, the binational cataracts shared between Brazil and Argentina and a major tourist destination in the two countries. It also presents the two national parks each country established in the 1930s at the falls: Iguazú National Park (Argentina, 1934) and Iguaçu National Park (Brazil, 1939). The introduction discusses the uniqueness of the two national parks, conceived since their inception as tools for the incorporation and nationalization of borderland areas, and compares them to other national park examples throughout the Americas. The section also situates the case of the two parks within recent literature on borders to understand the process of border creation that constituted the parks as spaces of nature. Finally, it proposes moving the geographical center of the history of the destruction of the Atlantic forest, the biome that played a central role in Brazil's history. This book shifts the historian's gaze from Brazil's coast to the borderland, arguing the forest is also part of the history of Argentina and Paraguay.