Fibrous and myofibroblastic tumors and reactive lesions

Lin, X.Y., Wang, L., Zhang, Y., et al. (2008). Variable Ki67 proliferative index in 65 cases of nodular fasciitis, compared with fibrosarcoma and fibromatosis. Diagn Pathol, 8, 50.Google Scholar

Nishio, J. (2013). Updates on the cytogenetics and molecular cytogenetics of benign and intermediate soft tissue tumors (Review). Oncol Lett, 5, 12–18.CrossRef Google Scholar

Lazar, A., Evans, H.L., and Oliveira, A.M. (2013). Nodular fasciitis. In WHO Classification of Tumors of Soft Tissue and Bone. 4th ed. Lyon: IARC, 46–7.Google Scholar

de Feraudy, S. and Fletcher, C.D. (2010). Intradermal nodular fasciitis: a rare lesion analyzed in a series of 24 cases. Am J Surg Pathol, 34, 1377–81.Google Scholar

Satter, E.K. and Dela Rosa, K.M. (2013). Intradermal proliferative fasciitis on the finger. Am J Dermatopathol, 15, 1–3.Google Scholar

Rosa, G. and Billings, S.D. (2014). A report of three cases of pediatric proliferative fasciitis. J Cutan Pathol, 41, 720–3.CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Magro, G., Michal, M., Alaggio, R., et al. (2009). Intradermal proliferative fasciitis in childhood: a potential diagnostic pitfall. J Cutan Pathol, 38, 59–62.Google Scholar

Rosenberg, A.E. (2008). Pseudosarcomas of soft tissue. Arch Pathol Lab Med, 132, 579–8.Google Scholar

Liegl-Atzwanger, B. (2013). Ischaemic fasciitis. In WHO Classification of Tumors of Soft Tissue and Bone. 4th ed. Lyon: IARC, 52.Google Scholar

Liegl, D. and Fletcher, C. (2008). Ischemic fasciitis: Analysis of 44 cases indicating an inconsistent association with immobility or debilitation. Am J Surg Pathol, 32, 1546–52.Google Scholar

Sayeed, S., Tyrell, R., and Glickman, L. (2014). Management of recurrent ischemic fasciitis, a rare soft tissue pseudosarcoma. Arch Plast Surg, 41, 89–90.Google Scholar

Rosenberg, A.E. (2008). Pseudosarcomas of soft tissue. Arch Pathol Lab Med, 132, 579–86.Google Scholar

McComb, E.N., Feely, M.G., Neff, J.R., et al. (2001). Cytogenetic instability, predominantly involving chromosome 1, is characteristic of elastofibroma. Cancer Genet Cytogenet, 126, 68–72.CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Yamazaki, K. (2007). An ultrastructural and immunohistochemical study of elastofibroma: CD34, MEF-2, prominin 2 (CD133), and factor XIIIa-positive proliferating fibroblastic stromal cells connected by Cx43-type gap junctions. Ultrastruct Pathol, 31, 209–19.Google Scholar

Karakurt, O., Kaplan, T., and Gunal, N. (2014). Elastofibroma dorsi management and outcomes: review of 16 cases. Interact CardioVasc Thorac Surg, 18, 197–201.Google Scholar

Rosenberg, A.E. and Oliveira, A.M. (2013). Myositis ossificans and fibro-osseous pseudotumor of digits. WHO Classification of Tumors of Soft Tissue and Bone. 4th ed. Lyon: IARC, 50–1.Google Scholar PubMed

Chaudhry, I., Kazakov, D., Michal, M., et al. (2010). Fibro-osseous pseudotumor of the digit: a clinicopathologic study of 17 cases. J Cutan Pathol, 37, 323–9.Google Scholar

Javdan, M. and Tahririan, M. (2012). Fibro-osseous pseudotumor of the digit. Adv Biomed Res, 1, 31.Google Scholar

De Silva, M.V. and Reid, R. (2003). Myositis ossificans and fibroosseous pseudotumor of digits: a clinicopathologic review of 64 cases with emphasis on diagnostic pitfalls. Int J Surg Pathol, 11, 187–95.Google Scholar

Saab, S.T., McClain, C.M., and Coffin, C.M. (2014). Fibrous hamartoma of infancy: a clinicopathologic analysis of 60 cases. Am J Surg Pathol, 38, 394–401.Google Scholar

Tassano, E., Nozza, P., Tavella, E., et al. (2010). Cytogenetic characterization of a fibrous hamartoma of infancy with complex translocations. Cancer Genet Cytogenet, 201, 66–9.Google Scholar

Takahashi, E., Yokozeki, H., and Satoh, T. (2013). Atrophic fibrous hamartoma of infancy with epidermal and adnexal changes. J Dermatol, 40, 212–14.Google Scholar

Linos, K., Carter, J.M., Gardner, J.M., et al. (2014). Myofibromas with atypical features: expanding the morphologic spectrum of a benign entity. Am J Surg Pathol, 38, 1649–54.Google Scholar

Fletcher, C., Bridge, J., Hogendoorn, P., et al. (2013). WHO Classification of Tumors of Soft Tissue and Bone. 4th ed. Lyon: IARC; 46–7 and 118–20.Google Scholar

Oudijk, L., den Bakker, M.A., Hop, W.C., et al. (2012). Solitary, multifocal and generalized myofibromas: clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical features of 114 cases. Histopathology, 60, E1–11.Google Scholar

Kamino, H., Reddy, V., and Pui, J. (2012). Fibrous and fibrohistiocytic proliferations of skin and tendons. In Dermatology . 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier, 1961–77.Google Scholar

Tardío, J.C., Azorín, D., Hernandez-Nunez, A., et al. (2011). Dermatomyofibromas presenting in pediatric patients: clinicopathologic characteristics and differential diagnosis. J Cutan Pathol, 38, 967–72.Google Scholar

Mentzel, T. and Kutzner, H. (2009). Dermatomyofibroma: clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical analysis of 56 cases and reappraisal of a rare and distinct cutaneous neoplasm. Am J Dermatopathol, 31, 44–9.Google Scholar

Kamino, H., Reddy, V.B., Gero, M., et al. (1992). Dermatomyofibroma. A benign cutaneous, plaque-like proliferation of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts in young adults. J Cutan Pathol, 19, 85–93.Google Scholar

Brenn, T. (2014). Pleomorphic dermal neoplasms: a review. Adv Anat Pathol, 21, 108–30.Google Scholar

Yadav, Y.K., Kushwaha, R., Sharma, U., et al. (2013). Cytomorphology of pleomorphic fibroma of skin: a diagnostic enigma. J Cytol, 30, 71–3.Google Scholar

Nakamura, Y., Nakamura, A., and Muto, M. (2013). A case of pleomorphic fibroma of the skin presenting as an intradermal nodule. Am J Dermatopathol, 37, 175–6.Google Scholar

Kamino, H., Lee, J.Y., and Berke, A. (1989). Pleomorphic fibroma of the skin: a benign neoplasm with cytologic atypia. A clinicopathologic study of eight cases. Am J Surg Pathol, 13, 107–13.Google Scholar

High, W.A., Stewart, D., Essary, L.R., et al. (2004). Sclerotic fibroma-like change in various neoplastic and inflammatory skin lesions: is sclerotic fibroma a distinct entity? J Cutan Pathol, 31, 3738.Google Scholar

Bhambri, A. and Del Rosso, J.Q. (2009). Solitary sclerotic fibroma. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol, 2, 36–8.Google Scholar

Chen, T.M., Purohit, S.K., and Wang, A.R. (2002). Pleomorphic sclerotic fibroma: a case report and literature review. Am J Dermatopathol, 24, 54–8.Google Scholar

Nascimento, A.F. (2013). Calcifying fibrous tumor. In WHO Classification of Tumors of Soft Tissue and Bone. 4th ed. Lyon: IARC, 50–1.Google Scholar

Bell, D.M., Dekmezian, R.H., Husain, S.A., et al. (2008). Oral calcifying fibrous pseudotumor: case analysis and review. Head Neck Pathol, 2, 343–7.Google Scholar

Azam, M., Husen, Y., and Pervez, S. (2009). Calcifying fibrous pseudotumor in assocation with hyaline vascular type Castleman's Disease. Indian J Pathol Microbiol, 52, 527–9.Google Scholar

Fletcher, C., Bridge, J., Hogendoorn, P., et al. (2013). WHO Classification of Tumors of Soft Tissue and Bone. 4th ed. Lyon: IARC, 50–1.Google Scholar

Fetsch, J.F. and Miettinen, M. (1998). Calcifying aponeurotic fibroma: a clinicopathologic study of 22 cases arising in uncommon sites. Hum Pathol, 29, 1504–10.Google Scholar

Hocar, O., Yacoubi, H., Akhdari, N., et al. (2011). Unusual presentation of a rare tumor of the dorsal surface of the foot. ISRN Dermatol, 2011.Google Scholar

Thway, K., Gibson, S., Ramsay, A., et al. (2008). Beta-catenin expression in pediatric fibroblastic and myofibroblastic lesions: a study of 100 cases. Pediatr Dev Pathol, 12, 292–6.Google Scholar

Fletcher, C., Bridge, J., Hogendoorn, P., et al. (2013). WHO Classification of Tumors of Soft Tissue and Bone. 4th ed. Lyon: IARC, 50–1.Google Scholar

Nishio, J. (2013). Updates on the cytogenetics and molecular cytogenetics of benign and intermediate soft tissue tumors (Review). Oncol Lett, 5, 12–18.Google Scholar

Nagaraja, V., Coleman, H.G., and Morgan, G.J. (2013). Desmoplastic fibroblastoma presenting as a parotid tumor: a case report and review of the literature. Head Neck Pathol, 7, 285–90.Google Scholar

Failla, V., Wauters, O., Nikkels-Tassoudji, N., et al. (2009). Congenital infantile digital fibromatosis: a case report and review of the literature. Rare Tumors, 1, e47.Google Scholar

Grenier, N., Liang, C., Capaldi, L., et al. (2008). A range of histologic findings in infantile digital fibromatosis. Pediatr Dermatol, 25, 72–5.Google Scholar

Laskin, W.B., Miettinen, M., and Fetsch, J.F. (2009). Infantile digital fibroma/fibromatosis: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 69 tumors from 57 patients with long-term follow-up. Am J Surg Pathol, 33, 1–13.Google Scholar

Fritchie, K., Carver, P., Sun, Y., et al. (2012). Solitary fibrous tumor: Is there a molecular relationship with cellular angiofibroma, spindle cell lipoma, and mammary-type myofibroblastoma? Am J Clin Pathol, 137, 963–70.Google Scholar

Chen, E. and Fletcher, C. (2010). Cellular angiofibroma with atypia or sarcomatous transformation: clinicopathologic analysis of 13 cases. Am J Surg Pathol, 34, 707–14.Google Scholar

Flucke, U., van Krieken, J., and Mentzel, T. (2011). Cellular angiofibroma: analysis of 25 cases emphasizing its relationship to spindle cell lipoma and mammary-type myofibroblastoma. Modern Pathology, 24, 82–9.Google Scholar

Fletcher, C., Bridge, J., Hogendoorn, P., et al. (2013). WHO Classification of Tumors of Soft Tissue and Bone. 4th ed. Lyon: IARC, 50–1.Google Scholar

Dei Tos, A.P., Seregard, S., Calonje, E., et al. (1995). Giant cell angiofibroma. A distinctive orbital tumor in adults. Am J Surg Pathol, 19, 1286–93.Google Scholar

Kucher, C. and McNiff, J.M. (2007). Epithelioid fibrous papule – a new variant. J Cutan Pathol, 34, 571–5.Google Scholar

Bansal, C., Stewart, D., Li, A., et al. (2005). Histologic variants of fibrous papule. J Cutan Pathol, 32, 424–8.Google Scholar

Kamino, H., Reddy, V., and Pui, J. (2012). Fibrous and fibrohistiocytic proliferations of skin and tendons. In: Dermatology . 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier, 1961–77.Google Scholar

Schaffer, J.V., Gohara, M.A., McNiff, J.M., et al. (2005). Multiple facial angiofibromas: a cutaneous manifestation of Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome. J Am Acai Dermatol, 53, S108–11.Google Scholar

Dei Tos, A.P., Seregard, S., Calonje, E., et al. (1995). Giant cell angiofibroma. A distinctive orbital tumor in adults. Am J Surg Pathol, 19, 1286–93.Google Scholar

Beer, T.W., Lam, M.H., and Heenan, P.J. (2009). Tumors of fibrous tissue involving the skin. Lever's Histopathology of the Skin. 10th ed. Philadelphia: Lipincott Williams & Wilkins, 989–90.Google Scholar

Choi, J.E., Jung, S.Y., Chun, J.S., et al. (2001). Giant acquired digital fibrokeratoma occurring on the left great toe. Ann Dermatol, 23, 64–6.Google Scholar

Johnson, R.B. (2011). Weedon's Skin Pathology Essentials. China: Churchill Livingstone.Google Scholar

McNiff, J.M., Subtil, A., Cowper, S.E., et al. (2005). Cellular digital fibromas: distinctive CD34-positive lesions that may mimic dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. J Cutan Pathol, 32, 413–18.Google Scholar

Ashby-Richardson, H., Rogers, G., and Stadecker, M. (2011). Superficial acral fibromyxoma: an overview. Arch Pathol Lab Med, 135, 1064–6.Google Scholar

Tardío, J.C. (2009). CD34-reactive tumors of the skin. An updated review of an ever-growing list of lesions. J Cutan Pathol, 36, 1079–92.Google Scholar

Lewin, M.R., Montgomery, E.A., and Barrett, T.L. (2011). New or unusual dermatopathology tumors: a review. J Cutan Pathol, 38, 689–96.Google Scholar

Kamino, H., Reddy, V., and Pui, J. (2012). Fibrous and fibrohistiocytic proliferations of skin and tendons. In: Bolognia JL, Jorizzo JL and Schaffer JV, eds. Dermatology . 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier, 1961–77.Google Scholar

Al-Daraji, W.I. and Miettinen, M. (2008). Superficial acral fibromyxoma: a clinicopathologic analysis of 32 tumors including 4 in the heel. J Cutan Pathol, 35, 1020–6.Google Scholar

Fetsch, J.F., Laskin, W.B., and Miettinen, M. (2001). Superficial acral fibromyxoma: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical analysis of 37 cases of a distinctive soft tissue tumor with a predilection for the fingers and toes. Human Pathol, 32, 705–14.Google Scholar

Tardío, J.C. (2008). CD34-reactive tumors of the skin. An updated review of an ever-growing list of lesions. J Cutan Pathol, 36, 1079–92.Google Scholar

Coffin, C.M. and Alaggio, R. (2012). Fibroblastic and myofibroblastic tumors in children and adolescents. Pediatr Dev Pathol, 15, 127–80.Google Scholar

Erdag, G., Qureshi, H.S., Patterson, J.W., et al. (2007). Solitary fibrous tumors of the skin: a clinicopathologic study of 10 cases and review of the literature. J Cutan Pathol, 34, 844–50.Google Scholar

Wood, L., Fountaine, T. J., Rosamilia, L., et al. (2010). Cutaneous CD34+ spindle cell neoplasms: histopathologic features distinguish spindle cell lipoma, solitary fibrous tumor, and dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. Am J Dermatopathol, 32, 764–8.Google Scholar

Clarke, L. E. (2012). Fibrous and fibrohistiocytic neoplasms: an update. Dermatol Clin, 30, 643–56.Google Scholar

Alves, J. V. P., Matos, D. M., Barreiros, H. F., et al. (2014). Variants of dermatofibroma – a histopathologic study. An Bras Dermatol, 89, 472–7.Google Scholar

Brenn, T. (2014). Pleomorphic dermal neoplasms: A review. Adv Anat Pathol, 21, 108–30.Google Scholar

Kamino, H., Reddy, V., and Pui, J. (2012). Fibrous and fibrohistiocytic proliferations of skin and tendons. In: Dermatology. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier, 1962–4.Google Scholar

Luzar, B. and Calonje, E. (2010). Cutaneous fibrohistiocytic tumors – an update. Histopathology, 56, 148–65.Google Scholar

Sánchez Yus, E., Soria, L., de Eusebio, E., and Requena, L (2000). Lichenoid, erosive and ulcerated dermatofibromas. Three additional clinic-pathologic variants. J Cutan Pathol, 27, 112–17Google Scholar

Garrido-Ruiz, M. C., Carrillo, R., Enguita, A. B., et al. (2009). Signet-ring cell dermatofibroma. Am J Dermatopathol, 31, 84–7.Google Scholar

Kuo, T. T. and Chan, H. L. (1994). Ossifying dermatofibroma with osteoclast-like giant cells. Am J Dermatopathol, 16, 193–5.Google Scholar

Gonzalez-Vela, M. C., Val-Bernal, J. F., Martino, M., et al. (2005). Sclerotic fibroma-like dermatofibroma: an uncommon distinctive variant of dermatofibroma. Histol Histopathol, 20, 801–6.Google Scholar PubMed

Gleason, B. C. and Fletcher, C. D. (2008). Deep “benign” fibrous histiocytoma: clinicopathologic analysis of 69 cases of a rare tumor indicating occasional metastatic potential. Am J Surg Pathol, 32, 354–62.Google Scholar

Rodríguez-Jurado, R., Palacios, C., and Durán-McKinster, C. (2004). Medallion-like dermal dendrocyte hamartoma: a new clinically and histopathologically distinct lesion. J Am Acad Dermatol, 51, 359–63.Google Scholar

Kutzner, H., Mentzel, T., Palmedo, G., et al. (2010). Plaque-like CD34-positive dermal fibroma (“medallion-like dermal dendrocyte hamartoma”): clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular analysis of 5 cases emphasizing its distinction from superficial, plaque-like dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. Am J Surg Pathol, 34, 190–201.Google Scholar

Marque, M., Bessis, D., Pedeutour, F., et al. (2009). Medallion-like dermal dendrocyte hamartoma: the main diagnostic pitfall is congenital atrophic dermatofibrosarcoma. Br J Dermatol, 160, 190–3.Google Scholar

Restano, L., Fanoni, D., Colonna, C., et al. (2010). Medallion-like dermal dendrocyte hamartoma: a case misdiagnosed as neurofibroma. Pediatr Dermatol, 27, 638–42.Google Scholar

Alves, J., Matos, D., Barreiros, H., et al. (2014). Variants of dermatofibroma – a histopathologic study. An Bras Dermatol, 89, 472–7.Google Scholar

Luzar, B. and Calonje, E. (2010). Cutaneous fibrohistiocytic tumors – an update. Histopathology, 56, 148–65.Google Scholar

Kamino, H., Reddy, V.B., and Pui, J. (2012). Fibrous and fibrohistiocytic proliferations of the skin and tendons. In Dermatology. Philadelphia: Elsevier, 1961–77.Google Scholar

Kamino, H. and Jacobson, M. (1990). Dermatofibroma extending into the subcutaneous tissue. Differential diagnosis from dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. Am J Surg Pathol, 14, 1156–64.Google Scholar

Calderaro, J., Rethers, L., and Ortonne, N. (2010). Multinucleated cells angiohistiocytoma: a reactive lesion? Am J Dermatopathol, 32, 415–17.Google Scholar

Cesinaro, A. M., Roncati, L., and Maiorana, A. (2010). Estrogen receptor alpha overexpression in multinucleate cell angiohistiocytoma: new insights into the pathogenesis of a reactive process. Am J Dermatopathol, 32, 655–9.Google Scholar

Jones, E. W., Cerio, R., and Smith, N. P. (1990). Multinucleate cell angiohistiocytoma: an acquired vascular anomaly to be distinguished from Kaposi's sarcoma. Br J Dermatol, 122, 651–63.Google Scholar

Jaconelli, L., Kanitakis, J., Ktiouet, S., et al. (2009). Multinucleate cell angiohistiocytoma: report of three new cases and literature review. Dermatol Online J, 15.Google Scholar

Nishio, J. (2013). Updates on the cytogenetics and molecular cytogenetics of benign and intermediate soft tissue tumors (Review). Oncol Lett, 5, 12–18.Google Scholar

Holst, V. A. and Elenitsas, R. (2001). Primary giant cell tumor of soft tissue. J Cutan Pathol, 28, 492–5.Google Scholar

Zelger, B. (2002). Connective tissue tumors. Recent Results Cancer Res, 160, 343–50.Google Scholar

Fletcher, C., Bridge, J., Hogendoorn, P., et al. (2013). WHO Classification of Tumors of Soft Tissue and Bone. 4th ed. Lyon: IARC.Google Scholar

Bohman, S. L., Goldblum, J. R., Rubin, B. P., et al. (2014). Angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma: an expansion of the clinical and histologic spectrum. Pathology, 46, 199–204.CrossRef Google Scholar

Thway, K. (2008). Angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma: a review with recent genetic findings. Arch Pathol Lab Med, 132, 273.Google Scholar

Allen, P. W. (1977). The fibromatoses: A clinicopathologic classification based on 140 cases Part 1. Am J Surg Pathol, 1, 255–70.Google Scholar

Fletcher, C., Bridge, J., Hogendoorn, P., et al. (2013). WHO Classification of Tumors of Soft Tissue and Bone. 4th ed. Lyon: IARC, 46–7.Google Scholar

Zelger, B. (2002). Connective tissue tumors. Recent Results Cancer Res, 160, 343–50.Google Scholar

Fisher, C. and Thway, K. (2014). Aggressive fibromatosis. Pathology, 46, 135–40.Google Scholar

Montgomery, E., Lee, J. H., Abraham, S. C., et al. (2001). Superficial fibromatoses are genetically distinct from deep fibromatoses. Mod Pathol, 14, 695–701.Google Scholar

Fetsch, J. F., Laskin, W. B., and Miettinen, M. (2005). Palmar-plantar fibromatosis in children and preadolescents: a clinicopathologic study of 56 cases with newly recognized demographics and extended follow-up information. Am J Surg Pathol, 29, 1095–105.Google Scholar

Coffin, C. M. and Alaggio, R. (2012). Fibroblastic and myofibroblastic tumors in children and adolescents. Pediatr Dev Pathol, 15, 127–80.CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Salehinejad, J., Pazouki, M., and Gerayeli, M. A. (2013). Malignant inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the maxillary sinus. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol, 17, 306–10.Google Scholar

Owusu-Brackett, N., Johnson, R., Schindel, D. T., et al. (2013). A novel ALK rearrangement in an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor in a neonate. Cancer Genet, 206, 353–6.Google Scholar

Enzinger, F. M. and Zhang, R. (1988). Plexiform fibrohistiocytic tumor presenting in children and young adults: an analysis of 65 cases. Am J Surg Pathol, 12, 818–26.Google Scholar

Moosavi, C., Jha, P., and Fanburg-Smith, J. C. (2007). An update on plexiform fibrohistiocytic tumor and addition of 66 new cases from the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, in honor of Franz M. Enzinger, MD. Ann Diag Pathol, 11, 313–19.Google Scholar

Luzar, B. and Calonje, E. (2010). Cutaneous fibrohistiocytic tumors: an update. Histopathology, 56, 148–65.Google Scholar

Jacobson-Dunlop, E., White, C. R. Jr, and Mansoor, A. (2011). Features of plexiform fibrohistiocytic tumor in skin punch biopsies: a retrospective study of 6 cases. Am J Dermatopathol, 33, 551–6.Google Scholar

Jaffer, S., Ambrosini-Spaltro, A., Mancini, A. M., et al. (2009). Neurothekeoma and plexiform fibrohistiocytic tumor: mere histologic resemblance or histogenetic relationship?. Am J Surg Pathol, 33, 905–13.Google Scholar

Fretzin, D. F. and Helwig, E. B. (1973). Atypical fibroxanthoma of the skin. A clinicopathologic study of 140 cases. Cancer, 31, 1541–52.3.0.CO;2-6>CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Mirza, B. and Weedon, D. (2005). Atypical fibroxanthoma: a clinicopathologic study of 89 cases. Australas J Dermatol, 46, 235–8.Google Scholar

Clarke, L. E. (2012). Fibrous and fibrohistiocytic neoplasms: an update. Dermatol Clin, 30, 643–56.Google Scholar

Luzar, B. and Calonje, E. (2010). Cutaneous fibrohistiocytic tumors: an update. Histopathology, 56, 148–65.Google Scholar

Miller, K., Goodlad, J. R., & Brenn, T. (2012). Pleomorphic dermal sarcoma: adverse histologic features predict aggressive behavior and allow distinction from atypical fibroxanthoma. Am J Surg Pathol, 36, 1317–26.Google Scholar

Brenn, T. (2014). Pleomorphic dermal neoplasms: A review. Adv Anat Pathol, 21, 108–30.Google Scholar

Thum, C., Husain, E. A., Mulholland, K., et al. (2013). Atypical fibroxanthoma with pseudoangiomatous features: a histologic and immunohistochemical mimic of cutaneous angiosarcoma. Ann Diag Pathol, 17, 502–7.Google Scholar

Taylor, H. B. and Helwig, E. B. (1962). Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. A study of 115 cases. Cancer, 15, 717–25.Google Scholar

Fletcher, C., Bridge, J., Hogendoorn, P., et al. (2013). WHO Classification of Tumors of Soft Tissue and Bone. 4th edn. Lyon: IARC, 46–7.Google Scholar

Tardío, J. C. (2009). CD34‐reactive tumors of the skin. An updated review of an ever‐growing list of lesions. J Cutan Pathol, 36, 89–102.Google Scholar

Stivala, A., Lombardo, G. A., Pompili, G., et al. (2012). Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans: Our experience of 59 cases. Oncol Lett, 4, 1047–55.Google Scholar

Kamino, H. and Jacobson, M. (1990). Dermatofibrome extending into the subcutaneous tissue: differential diagnosis from dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. Am J Surg Pathol, 14, 1156–64.Google Scholar

Rutkowski, P., Wozniak, A., and Switaj, T. (2011). Advances in molecular characterization and targeted therapy in dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. Sarcoma. doi: 10.1155/2011/959132 [Epub Mar 30 2011].Google Scholar

Kutzner, H. (1993). Expression of the human progenitor cell antigen CD34 (HPCA-1) distinguishes dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans from fibrous histiocytoma in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue. J Am Acad Dermatol, 28, 613–17.Google Scholar

Kamino, H., Burchette, J., and Garcia, J. A. (1992). Immunostaining for CD34 in plaque and nodular areas of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. J Cutan Pathol, 19, 8.Google Scholar

Jha, P., Moosavi, C., and Fanburg-Smith, J. C. (2007). Giant cell fibroblastoma: an update and addition of 86 new cases from the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, in honor of Dr. Franz M. Enzinger. Ann Diag Pathol, 11, 81–8.Google Scholar

Harvell, J. D., Kilpatrick, S. E., and White, W. L. (1998). Histogenetic relations between giant cell fibroblastoma and dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans: CD34 staining showing the spectrum and a simulator. Am J Dermatopathol, 20, 339–45.Google Scholar

Shmookler, B. M., Enzinger, F. M., and Weiss, S. W. (1989). Giant cell fibroblastoma. A juvenile form of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. Cancer, 64, 2154–61.Google Scholar

Qiao, J., Patel, K. U., López-Terrada, D., et al. (2012). Atrophic dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans: report of a case demonstrated by detecting COL1A1-PDGFB rearrangement. Diagn Pathol, 7, 166.Google Scholar

Kutzner, H., Mentzel, T., Palmedo, G., et al. (2010). Plaque-like CD34-positive dermal fibroma (“medallion-like dermal dendrocyte hamartoma”): clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular analysis of 5 cases emphasizing its distinction from superficial, plaque-like dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. Am J Surg Pathol, 34, 190–201.Google Scholar

Evans, H. L. (1993). Low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma: a report of 12 cases. Am J Surg Pathol, 17, 595–600.Google Scholar

Evans, H. L. (2011). Low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma: a clinicopathologic study of 33 cases with long-term follow-up. Am J Surg Pathol, 35, 1450–62.Google Scholar

Abe, Y., Hashimoto, I., and Nakanishi, H. (2012). Recurring facial low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma in an elderly patient: A case report. J Med Invest, 59, 266–9.Google Scholar

Coffin, C. M. and Alaggio, R. (2012). Fibroblastic and myofibroblastic tumors in children and adolescents. Pediatr Dev Pathol, 15, 127–80.Google Scholar

Fletcher, C., Bridge, J., Hogendoorn, P., et al. (2013). WHO Classification of Tumors of Soft Tissue and Bone. 4th ed. Lyon: IARC.Google Scholar

Lane, K. L., Shannon, R. J., and Weiss, S. W. (1997). Hyalinizing spindle cell tumor with giant rosettes: a distinctive tumor closely resembling low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma. Am J Surg Pathol, 21, 1481–8.Google Scholar

Cai, C., Dehner, L. P., and El-Mofty, S. K. (2013). In myofibroblastic sarcomas of the head and neck, mitotic activity and necrosis define grade: a case study and literature review. Virchows Archiv, 463, 827–36.Google Scholar

Qiu, X., Montgomery, E., and Sun, B. (2008). Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor and low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma: a comparative study of clinicopathologic features and further observations on the immunohistochemical profile of myofibroblasts. Hum Pathol, 39, 846–56.Google Scholar

Covello, R., Licci, S., Pichi, B., et al. (2011). Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma of the larynx. Int J Surg Pathol, 19, 822–6.Google Scholar

Coffin, C. M. and Alaggio, R. (2012). Fibroblastic and myofibroblastic tumors in children and adolescents. Pediatr Dev Pathol, 15, 127–80.Google Scholar

Nishio, J. (2013). Updates on the cytogenetics and molecular cytogenetics of benign and intermediate soft tissue tumors (Review). Oncol Letts, 5, 12–18.Google Scholar

Tardío, J. C. (2009). CD34‐reactive tumors of the skin. An updated review of an ever‐growing list of lesions. J Cutan Pathol, 36, 89–102.Google Scholar

Zelger, B. (2002). Connective tissue tumors. Recent Results Cancer Res, 160, 343–50.Google Scholar

Coffin, C. M. and Alaggio, R. (2012). Fibroblastic and myofibroblastic tumors in children and adolescents. Pediatr Dev Pathol, 15(sp1), 127–80.Google Scholar

Fletcher, C., Bridge, J., Hogendoorn, P., et al. (2013). WHO Classification of Tumors of Soft Tissue and Bone. 4th ed. Lyon: IARC.Google Scholar

Fisher, C. (2004). Myofibroblastic malignancies. Adv Anat Pathol, 11, 190–201.Google Scholar

Folpe, A. L. (2014). Fibrosarcoma: a review and update. Histopathology, 64, 12–25.Google Scholar

Coffin, C. M. and Alaggio, R. (2012). Fibroblastic and myofibroblastic tumors in children and adolescents. Pediatr Dev Pathol, 15(sp1), 127–80.Google Scholar

Fletcher, C., Bridge, J., Hogendoorn, P., et al. (2013). WHO Classification of Tumors of Soft Tissue and Bone. 4th ed. Lyon: IARC.Google Scholar

Folpe, A. L. (2014). Fibrosarcoma: a review and update. Histopathology, 64, 12–25.Google Scholar

Clarke, L. E. (2012). Fibrous and fibrohistiocytic neoplasms: an update. Dermatol Clin, 30, 643–56.Google Scholar

Coffin, C. M. and Alaggio, R. (2012). Fibroblastic and myofibroblastic tumors in children and adolescents. Pediatr Dev Pathol, 15(sp1), 127–80.Google Scholar

Brenn, T (2014). Pleomorphic dermal neoplasms: a review. Adv Anat Pathol, Mar, 21:108–130.Google Scholar

Fletcher, C., Bridge, J., Hogendoorn, P., et al. (2013). WHO Classification of Tumors of Soft Tissue and Bone. 4th ed. Lyon: IARC.Google Scholar

Clarke, L. E., Zhang, P. J., Crawford, G. H., et al. (2008). Myxofibrosarcoma in the skin. J Cutan Pathol, 35, 935–40.Google Scholar

Erlandson, R. A. and Antonescu, C. R. (2004). The rise and fall of malignant fibrous histiocytoma. Ultrastruct Pathol, 28, 283–9.Google Scholar

Al-Agha, O. M. and Igbokwe, A. A. (2008). Malignant fibrous histiocytoma: between the past and the present. Arch Pathol Lab Med, 132, 1030–5.Google Scholar

Tong, L., Wang, Y., Zhou, Y., et al. (2014). Surgical management of giant secondary malignant fibrous histiocytoma following radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A case report and literature review. Oncol Lett, 8, 72–6.Google Scholar

Chase, D. R. and Enzinger, F. M. (1985). Epithelioid sarcoma: Diagnosis, prognostic indicators, and treatment. Am J Surg Pathol, 9, 241–63.Google Scholar

Evans, H. L. and Baer, S. C. (1993). Epithelioid sarcoma: a clinicopathologic and prognostic study of 26 cases. Semin Diagn Pathol, 10, 286–91.Google Scholar

Callister, M. D., Ballo, M. T., Pisters, P. W., et al. (2001). Epithelioid sarcoma: results of conservative surgery and radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 51, 384–91.Google Scholar

Tardío, J. C. (2009). CD34‐reactive tumors of the skin. An updated review of an ever‐growing list of lesions. J Cutan Pathol, 36, 89–102.Google Scholar

Folpe, A. L. (2014). Selected topics in the pathology of epithelioid soft tissue tumors. Mod Pathol, 27, S64–79.Google Scholar

Fletcher, C., Bridge, J., Hogendoorn, P., et al. (2013). WHO Classification of Tumors of Soft Tissue and Bone. 4th edn. Lyon: IARC.Google Scholar

Kang, Y., Pekmezci, M., Folpe, A. L., et al. (2014). Diagnostic utility of SOX10 to distinguish malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor from synovial sarcoma, including intraneural synovial sarcoma. Mod Pathol, 27, 55–61.Google Scholar

Thway, K. and Fisher, C. (2014). Synovial sarcoma: defining features and diagnostic evolution. Ann Diag Pathol, 18, 369–80.Google Scholar

Kerouanton, A., Jimenez, I., Cellier, C., et al. (2014). Synovial sarcoma in children and adolescents. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol, 36, 257–62.Google Scholar

Saito, T. (2013). The SYT-SSX fusion protein and histologic epithelial differentiation in synovial sarcoma: relationship with extracellular matrix remodeling. Int J Clin Exp Pathol, 6, 2272.Google Scholar

Miettinen, M. (2014). Immunohistochemistry of soft tissue tumors – review with emphasis on 10 markers. Histopathology, 64, 101–18.Google Scholar

Book contents

Chapter 6 - Fibrous and myofibroblastic tumors and reactive lesions

Access options

References

Primary Sources

Secondary Sources

Book contents

Chapter 6 - Fibrous and myofibroblastic tumors and reactive lesions

Access options

References

Primary Sources

Secondary Sources

Save book to Kindle

Save book to Dropbox

Save book to Google Drive