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2 - Resolution of the K–T boundary

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 August 2009

Douglas J. Nichols
Affiliation:
Denver Museum of Nature and Science
Kirk R. Johnson
Affiliation:
Denver Museum of Nature and Science
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Summary

We perceive three increasingly precise scales of temporal resolution of the K–T boundary. Stage-level resolution is on the order of millions of years; subchron-level resolution is on the order of tens to hundreds of thousands of years; and impactite-level resolution, while not directly measurable, is on the order of one to a few years. At the resolution of stage, the boundary between the Cretaceous and Paleogene periods is the boundary between the Maastrichtian Stage (5.1 Ma in duration) and the Danian Stage (3.8 Ma in duration). At the time of the Alvarez discovery, the resolution of most K–T boundary paleontological studies was at the stage level, at best. For most terrestrial K–T sections outside of North America, this level of temporal resolution is still prevalent today. At the subchron level of temporal resolution, the K–T boundary event occurred within the polarity subchron C29r, whose duration was between 570 and 833 thousand years, depending on which calibration is chosen. Resolution at the subchron level often brings recognition of paleontological events to the outcrop scale on the order of tens to hundreds of meters of section. Biostratigraphic zones can have similar durations to subchrons and thus may fall into this category of resolution. The third level of resolution is the impact layer, where physical and biological observations can be directly related to the K–T boundary impactite. At this level, events are resolved at the centimeter, or even millimeter, scale.

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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2008

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