Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Preface
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Clouds and Their Properties
- 3 Thermodynamic Relations
- 4 Properties of Water and Aqueous Solutions
- 5 Diffusion and Coagulation Growth of Drops and Crystals
- 6 Wet Aerosol Processes
- 7 Activation of Cloud Condensation Nuclei into Cloud Drops
- 8 Homogeneous Nucleation
- 9 Heterogeneous Nucleation of Drops and Ice Crystals
- 10 Parameterizations of Heterogeneous Ice Nucleation
- 11. Deliquescence and Efflorescence in Atmospheric Aerosols
- 12 Terminal Velocities of Drops and Crystals
- 13 Broad Size Spectra in Clouds and the Theory of Stochastic Condensation
- 14 Analytical Solutions to the Stochastic Kinetic Equation for Precipitating Clouds
- References
- Notations
- Index
10 - Parameterizations of Heterogeneous Ice Nucleation
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 September 2014
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Preface
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Clouds and Their Properties
- 3 Thermodynamic Relations
- 4 Properties of Water and Aqueous Solutions
- 5 Diffusion and Coagulation Growth of Drops and Crystals
- 6 Wet Aerosol Processes
- 7 Activation of Cloud Condensation Nuclei into Cloud Drops
- 8 Homogeneous Nucleation
- 9 Heterogeneous Nucleation of Drops and Ice Crystals
- 10 Parameterizations of Heterogeneous Ice Nucleation
- 11. Deliquescence and Efflorescence in Atmospheric Aerosols
- 12 Terminal Velocities of Drops and Crystals
- 13 Broad Size Spectra in Clouds and the Theory of Stochastic Condensation
- 14 Analytical Solutions to the Stochastic Kinetic Equation for Precipitating Clouds
- References
- Notations
- Index
Summary
Using the general equations derived in Chapter 9 based on extended classical nucleation theory, parameterizations are derived suitable for use in cloud and climate models with sufficiently large time steps. Heterogeneous freezing of haze particles and drops caused by supersaturation and temperature variations are considered in Sections 10.1 and 10.2, and similar parameterizations of the deposition nucleation is derived in Sections 10.3. In particular, it is shown that the functional forms of previous empirical or semi-empirical parameterizations described in Section 9.4 can be obtained and generalized from these theoretical parameterizations based on classical nucleation theory, and their empirical parameters can be expressed via the fundamental atmospheric parameters and aerosol properties.
In the next three sections, Sections 10.4–10.6, contact ice nucleation mode is described, its general properties, the three major mechanisms of aerosol scavenging by drops that may lead to contact nucleation, the collection rates, probabilities of freezing, and scavenging in polydisperse ensembles of drops and aerosols.
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- Chapter
- Information
- Thermodynamics, Kinetics, and Microphysics of Clouds , pp. 507 - 546Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2014