Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-fscjk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-21T15:57:58.426Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Interaction between phonemic abilities and syllable congruency effect in young readers*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 January 2012

FABIENNE CHETAIL*
Affiliation:
Université Libre de Bruxelles and Université de Bordeaux
STÉPHANIE MATHEY
Affiliation:
Université de Bordeaux
*
Address for correspondence: Fabienne Chetail. Laboratoire Cognition Langage Développement (LCLD), Université Libre de Bruxelles – Avenue F. Roosevelt, 50/CP 191–1050 Brussels – Belgium. tel: +32 2 650 26 07; e-mail: fchetail@ulb.ac.be

Abstract

This study investigated whether and to what extent phonemic abilities of young readers (Grade 5) influence syllabic effects in reading. More precisely, the syllable congruency effect was tested in the lexical decision task combined with masked priming in eleven-year-old children. Target words were preceded by a pseudo-word prime sharing the first three letters that either corresponded to the syllable (congruent condition) or not (incongruent condition). The data showed that the syllable priming effect interacted with the score of phonemic abilities. In children with good phonemic skills, word recognition was delayed in the congruent condition compared to the incongruent condition, while it was speeded up in children with weaker phonemic skills. These findings are discussed in a lexical access model including syllable units.

Type
Brief Research Reports
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2012

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

[*]

We are grateful to the students, teachers and head teachers at the St Seurin and Stendhal schools for their participation. We thank two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments on an earlier version of this manuscript.

References

REFERENCES

Adams, M. J. (1990). Beginning to read. Thinking and learning about print. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Alvarez, C. J., Carreiras, M. & Perea, M. (2004). Are syllables phonological units in visual word recognition? Language and Cognitive Processes 19, 427–52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Booth, J. R., Perfetti, C. A. & MacWhinney, B. (1999). Quick, automatic, and general activation of orthographic and phonological representations in young readers. Developmental Psychology 35, 3–19.Google Scholar
Bruck, M., Genesee, F. & Caravolas, M. (1997). A cross-linguistic study of early literacy acquisition. In Blachman, E. (ed.), Foundations of reading acquisition and dyslexia. Implications for early intervention, 145–62. Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.Google Scholar
Carreiras, M. & Perea, M. (2002). Masked priming effects with syllabic neighbors in a lexical decision task. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 28, 1228–42.Google Scholar
Castles, A., Davis, C., Cavalot, P. & Forster, K. I. (2007). Tracking the acquisition of orthographic skills in developing readers: Masked priming effect. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 97, 165–82.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Castles, A., Davis, C. & Letcher, T. (1999). Neighbourhood effects on masked form priming in developing readers. Language and Cognitive Processes 14, 201224.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chetail, F. & Mathey, S. (2009 a). Activation of syllable units during visual recognition of French words in Grade 2. Journal of Child Language 36, 883–94.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chetail, F. & Mathey, S. (2009 b). Syllabic priming in lexical decision and naming tasks: The syllable congruency effect re-examined in French. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology 63, 4048.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chetail, F. & Mathey, S. (2009 c). The syllable frequency effect in visual recognition of French words: A study in skilled and beginning readers. Reading and Writing 22, 955–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Colé, P., Magnan, A. & Grainger, J. (1999). Syllable-sized units in visual word recognition: Evidence from skilled and beginning readers of French. Applied Psycholinguistics 20, 507532.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Colé, P. & Sprenger-Charolles, L. (1999). Traitement syllabique au cours de la reconnaissance de mots écrits chez des enfants dyslexiques, lecteurs en retard et normo-lecteurs de 11 ans. Revue de Neuropsychologie 9, 323–60.Google Scholar
Coltheart, M., Rastle, K., Perry, C., Langdon, R. & Ziegler, J. (2001). DRC: A Dual Route Cascaded model of visual word recognition and reading aloud. Psychological Review 108, 204256.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Conrad, M., Carreiras, M., Tamm, S. & Jacobs, A. M. (2009). Syllables and bigrams: Orthographic redundancy and syllabic units affect visual word recognition at different processing levels. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 35, 461–79.Google ScholarPubMed
Courcy, A., Béland, R. & Pitchford, N. J. (2000). Phonological awareness in French-speaking children at risk for reading disabilities. Brain and Cognition 43, 124–30.Google ScholarPubMed
Doignon, N. & Zagar, D. (2006). Les enfants en cours d'apprentissage de la lecture perçoivent-ils la syllabe à l'écrit? Revue Canadienne de Psychologie 60, 258–74.Google Scholar
Doignon-Camus, N. & Zagar, D. (2009). Les enfants apprentis lecteurs perçoivent-ils la syllabe à l'écrit? Le modèle DIAMS. In Marec-Breton, N., Besse, A. S, de la Haye, F., Bonneton-Botte, N. & Bonjour, E. (eds), L'apprentissage de la langue écrite, approche cognitive, 3449. Rennes: Presses Universitaires de Rennes.Google Scholar
Dominguez, A., de Vega, M. & Cuetos, F. (1997). Lexical inhibition from syllabic units in Spanish visual word recognition. Language and Cognitive Processes 12, 401422.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferrand, L., Segui, J. & Grainger, J. (1996). Masked priming of word and picture naming: The role of syllabic units. Journal of Memory and Language 35, 708723.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Forster, K. I. & Davis, C. (1984). Repetition priming and frequency attenuation in lexical access. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, & Cognition 10, 680–98.Google Scholar
Forster, K. I. & Forster, J. C. (2003). DMDX: A Windows display program with millisecond accuracy. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers 35, 116–24.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gombert, J. E. (1992). Metalinguistic development. London: Harvester Wheatsheaf.Google Scholar
Jiménez, J. E., Garcia, E., O'Shanahan, I. & Rojas, E. (2010). Do Spanish children use the syllable in visual word recognition in learning to read? Spanish Journal of Psychology 13, 6374.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jiménez, J. E. & Rodrigo, M. (1994). Is it true that the differences in reading performance between students with and without LD cannot be explained by IQ? Journal of Learning Disabilities 27, 155–63.Google Scholar
Katz, L. & Baldasare, J. (1983). Syllable coding in printed-word recognition by children and adults. Journal of Educational Psychology 75, 245–56.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lefavrais, P. (1967). Test de l'Alouette. Paris: Edition du Centre de Psychologie Appliquée.Google Scholar
Lété, B., Sprenger-Charolles, L. & Colé, P. (2004). MANULEX: A grade-level lexical database from French elementary school readers. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers 36, 156–66.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Liberman, I. Y., Shankweiler, D., Fischer, F. W. & Carter, B. (1974). Explicit syllable and phoneme segmentation in the young child. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 18, 201212.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maïonchi-Pino, N., Magnan, A. & Ecalle, J. (2010). Syllable frequency effects in visual word recognition: Developmental approach in French children. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology 31, 7082.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mathey, S., Zagar, D., Doignon, N. & Seigneuric, A. (2006). The nature of syllabic neighbourhood in French. ActaPsychologica 123, 372–93.Google ScholarPubMed
McClelland, J. L. & Rumelhart, D. E. (1981). An interactive activation model of context effects in letter perception: Part 1. An account of basic findings. Psychological Review 88, 375407.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mehler, J., Dommergues, J., Frauenfelder, U. & Segui, J. (1981). The syllable's role in speech segmentation. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior 20, 298305.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morais, J. (2003). Levels of phonological representation in skilled reading and in learning to read. Reading and Writing 16, 123–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mousty, P. & Leybaert, J. (1999). Evaluation des habiletés de lecture et d'orthographe au moyen de BELEC: Données longitudinales auprès d'enfants francophones testés en 2e et 4e années. Revue Européenne de Psychologie Appliquée 49, 325–42.Google Scholar
Mousty, P., Leybaert, J., Alegria, J., Content, A. & Morais, J. (1994). Bélec. Batterie d'évaluation du langage écrit et de ces troubles. In Grégoire, J. & Piérart, B. (eds), Evaluer les troubles de la lecture. Les nouveaux modèles théoriques et leurs implications diagnostiques, 127–45. Bruxelles: De Boeck.Google Scholar
Perfetti, C. A. (1992). The representation problem in reading acquisition. In Gough, P. B., Ehri, L. C. & Treiman, R. (eds), Reading acquisition, 145–74. Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.Google Scholar
Rativeau, S., Zagar, D., Jourdain, C. & Colé, P. (1997). L'évaluation diagnostique de la lecture chez l'apprenti lecteur. In Barré De Miniac, C. & Lété, B. (eds), L'illettrisme. De la prévention chez l'enfant aux stratégies de formation chez l'adulte, 161–79. Paris-Bruxelles: De Boeck Université.Google Scholar
Share, D. L. (1995). Phonological recoding and self-teaching: Sine qua non of reading acquisition. Cognition 55, 151218.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sprenger-Charolles, L., Colé, P., Béchennec, D. & Kipffer-Piquard, A. (2005). French normative data on reading and related skills from EVALEC, a new computerized battery of tests (end Grade 1, Grade 2, Grade 3, and Grade 4). European Review of Applied Psychology 55, 157–86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wagner, R. K. & Torgesen, J. K. (1987). The nature of phonological processing and its causal role in the acquisition of reading skills. Psychological Bulletin 101, 192212.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wagner, R. K., Torgesen, J. K., Rashotte, C. A., Hecht, S. A., Barker, T. A., Burgess, S. R., Donahue, J. & Garon, T. (1997). Changing relations between phonological processing abilities and word-level reading as children develop from beginning to skilled readers: A 5-year longitudinal study. Developmental Psychology 33, 468–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ziegler, J. C. & Goswami, U. (2005). Reading acquisition, developmental dyslexia, and skilled reading across languages: A psycholinguistic grain size theory. Psychological Bulletin 131, 3–29.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed