The theory here to be disproved may be said to have grown almost to the dimensions of a legend; and it is a legend containing certain dark implications which have won it the greater popularity. For half a century P. Paquius Proculus has been maligned, and a calumny which should never have been started has had to wait till now for the refutation it deserves. Briefly, the account of this unfortunate Pompeian given by archaeologists who had studied his career was that, thanks to manoeuvre, intrigue and other forms of electoral machination, P. Paquius Proculus, from being a humble baker, rose to the highest magistracy in the city—the duumvirate. For the moment we may ignore the less savoury details which were added in course of time.

When L. Aemilius Paulus visited Delphi after the crowning victory of Pydna his eye rested on a lofty pedestal, upon which his vanquished enemy, Perseus, was intending to set up a golden statue of himself. He determined that his own figure should occupy the vacant place, and his orders to this effect were carried out. No trace of the statue (or group) has been recovered, but there are considerable remains of the sculptured frieze, representing the cavalry skirmish which formed the prelude to the battle of Pydna, and it has been possible to reconstruct the monument in the Museum at Delphi with the surviving blocks and a free use of plaster to fill the gaps (fig. 54 and plate xx).

Roman Aries has more history than most towns in the northern provinces. It should therefore be in some degree an index-site for the archaeologist. This at present it is not, partly through accident and partly through neglect. With disputed exceptions, no inscription throws direct light upon any one of its surviving buildings, nor has any attempt been made to supply this deficiency by scientific excavation. Even the structural evidence which meets the eye of the visitor has received considerably less than due attention from the archaeologist. In particular, the complex fragments of the town-walls have not yet been subjected to the reasoned discussion which their fine construction and their general historical environment alike demand. It may be of profit here to attack some of the problems of these walls, not merely for their intrinsic interest but because a solution could scarcely fail to assist in that of kindred problems on more obscure sites in Gaul and even in Britain.

It is well known that in the second century B.C. the Roman Senate was frequently called upon to compose disputes between Greek states, but of its procedure in such cases there has hitherto been little to say. It is therefore a matter of some interest that fresh light is thrown on this question by a new inscription from Crete. The dispute which is here described arose between the towns of Hierapytna and Itanus, both of which claimed possession of an inland territory adjoining the sanctuary of Zeus Dictaeus, and of certain adjacent islands. The history of this quarrel was already known to us in part from an older inscription containing an arbitral award by the city of Magnesia-on-Maeander; but from the few stray references which that document made to the Romans it was impossible to reconstruct the account of their intervention. In future I propose to call the old inscription A, the new one B.

The term Galatia is here used in the widest sense, equivalent to of Γαλατιϰὴ ἐπαρχεία C.I.G. 3991.

It is a remarkable feature that there is hardly any allusion in the inscriptions of Galatia to πραγματευόμενοι ʽΡωμαῖοι or ὁ δῆμος ϰαὶ οί ϰατοιϰοῦντες Ρωμϰῖοι. I do not remember one; but they may occur rarely and have escaped my notice or memory. In the province of Asia these cives qui ibi negotiantur occur very frequently.

The solitary allusion of any approximate character that I know in Galatia is ὁ δῆμος οἵ τε συμπολιτευόμενοι Ρωμαῖοι, which indicates a closer connexion and more equal rights between natives and cives Romani than was the case in Asia. Paul was a Cilician, and the same rule seems to have held there as in Galatia.

Soon after the somewhat rash attempt to reconstruct from an imperfect copy the Angora Resolution of the Stage Guild (J.H.S. xliv, 1924, pp. 158-161), I learnt that the marble pedestal on the right side of which it is engraved now stands well preserved within the cella of the Augusteum. The epigraphic copy of Calder and Cox and the excellent squeeze made by Cox in 1925 (Plate XXXIII) were generously put at my disposal, and in May 1926 I examined the original myself. The text, as will be seen, is much clearer than the previous copies led one to suppose; it differs so materially from the transcript in J.H.S. l.c., pp. 158-159, that a mere list of the requisite corrections would not be enough; only a revised edition of the whole document can be intelligible. In preparing this from the information and suggestions kindly supplied by Calder and Cox, I have also been favoured with the advice of Professor Josef Keil, invaluable for the restoration of ll. 30-36, and with that of Professor H. Dessau, who recognised the Roman dating and supplied the consul's name in the last line. Besides clearing away many textual obscurities, the revision of the original text has given us the endings of lines and the length of the lacunae in ll. 23-55. The facsimile (Plate XXXIII) shows only ll. 2-55.