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Temporal updating, temporal reasoning, and the domain of time
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 12 December 2019
Abstract
We focus on three main sets of topics emerging from the commentaries on our target article. First, we discuss several types of animal behavior that commentators cite as evidence against our claim that animals are restricted to temporal updating and cannot engage in temporal reasoning. In doing so, we illustrate further how explanations of behavior in terms of temporal updating work. Second, we respond to commentators’ queries about the developmental process through which children acquire a capacity for temporal reasoning and about the relation between our account and accounts drawing similar distinctions in other domains of cognition. Finally, we address some broader theoretical issues arising from the commentaries, concerning in particular the question as to how our account relates to the phenomenology of experience in time, and the question as to whether our dichotomy between temporal reasoning and temporal updating is exhaustive, or whether there might be other forms of cognition or representation related to time not captured by it.
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Target article
Thinking in and about time: A dual systems perspective on temporal cognition
Related commentaries (33)
A dual-systems perspective on temporal cognition: Implications for the role of emotion
A theory stuck in evolutionary and historical time
Animals are not cognitively stuck in time
Are counterfactuals in and about time?
Beings in the moment
Closing the symbolic reference gap to support flexible reasoning about the passage of time
Dual systems for all: Higher-order, role-based relational reasoning as a uniquely derived feature of human cognition
From temporal updating to temporal reasoning: Developments in young children's temporal representations
Future-oriented objects
Identity-based motivation and the paradox of the future self: Getting going requires thinking about time (later) in time (now)
Let's call a memory a memory, but what kind?
Limitations of Hoerl and McCormack's dual systems model of temporal consciousness
Locating animals with respect to landmarks in space-time
Locating the contradiction in our understanding of time
Neural correlates of temporal updating and reasoning in association with neuropsychiatric disorders
No doing without time
Nonhuman sequence learning findings argue against Hoerl and McCormack's two systems of temporal cognition
On believing that time does not flow, but thinking that it seems to
On the human uniqueness of the temporal reasoning system
Problems with the dual-systems approach to temporal cognition
Temporal representation and reasoning in non-human animals
Temporal updating, behavioral learning, and the phenomenology of time-consciousness
The dual systems in temporal cognition: A spatial analogy
The “now moment” is believed privileged because “now” is when happening is experienced
Thinking about the past as the past for the past's sake: Why did temporal reasoning evolve?
Thinking about thinking about time
Thinking about time and number: An application of the dual-systems approach to numerical cognition
Time, flow, and space
Timers from birth: Early timing abilities exceed limits of the temporal updating system
Two challenges for a dual system approach to temporal cognition
Updating and reasoning: Different processes, different models, different functions
Updating the dual systems model of temporal cognition: Reasoning with dynamic systems theory
What time words teach us about children's acquisition of the temporal reasoning system
Author response
Temporal updating, temporal reasoning, and the domain of time