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Chapter 3.7 - Skeletal Anomalies

from Chapter 3 - Fetal Anatomy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 June 2023

Zarko Alfirevic
Affiliation:
Liverpool Women's Hospital
Seshadri Suresh
Affiliation:
Mediscan, Chennai
Jonathan Hyett
Affiliation:
Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney
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Summary

This chapter covers definitions and characteristics, ultrasound assessment, investigations, counselling and management of fetal anomalies encountered in the second and third trimesters. The chapter has seven sections (head and neck, fetal heart, thoracic and pulmonary abnormalities, spine, abdomen, genitourinary tract and skeletal abnormalities). All sections are richly illustrated with ultrasound pictures, X-ray fetograms and pathological specimens.

Type
Chapter
Information
Fetal Medicine
An Illustrated Textbook
, pp. 222 - 261
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2023

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References

Primary Sources

Mathiesen, JM, Aksglaede, L, Skibsted, L, et al. Outcome of fetuses with short femur length detected at second-trimester anomaly scan: a national survey. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2014;44(2):160165.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Secondary Sources

Chitty, LS, Everett, F, Usakov, F. Songoraphic diagnosis of skeletal anomalies. In: Fetal Medicine (Kumar, B, Alfirevic, Z, eds), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2016; 161181.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Di Mascio, D, Buca, D, Khalil, A, et al. Outcome of isolated fetal talipes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2019;98(11):13671377.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

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