Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-7479d7b7d-k7p5g Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-14T06:18:16.787Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

32 - Innovation in Marine Mammals

from Part VI - Innovation and Problem-Solving

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 July 2021

Allison B. Kaufman
Affiliation:
University of Connecticut
Josep Call
Affiliation:
University of St Andrews, Scotland
James C. Kaufman
Affiliation:
University of Connecticut
Get access

Summary

In humans, creativity or innovation (researchers draw a distinction, but for our purposes the two terms will be used interchangeably) is often defined as the ability to create things that are both novel and appropriate (Sternberg, Kaufman, & Pretz, 2002). A dress can be beautifully designed and crafted, but if it isn’t task appropriate – for example, if it can’t be worn – many researchers would not call it creative.In animals, the same “novel and appropriate” standard can be used, but the terms take on very different meaning, in many cases playing directly into the survival of an individual or a species.Of all species, marine mammals are especially noted for their intelligence and innovation in both the wild and under human care, and their innovative abilities in a variety of situations will be briefly reviewed here.Subsequently, a novel way of measurement of these abilities based on the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking, a common test of creativity used in humans, will be presented.

Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abe, K. (2010). Interaction between body and environment in creative thinkingCognitive Studies: Bulletin of the Japanese Cognitive Science Society17, 599610.Google Scholar
Amabile, T. M. (1996). Creativity in Context: Update to “The Social Psychology of Creativity.” Boulder, CO: Westview Press.Google Scholar
Auersperg, A. M. I., von Bayern, A. M. I., Weber, S., Szabadvari, A., Bugnyar, T., & Kacelnik, A. (2014). Social transmission of tool use and tool manufacture in Goffin cockatoos (Cacatua goffini). Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 281(1793), 2014097220140972. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.0972Google Scholar
Cantor, M. & Whitehead, H. (2013). The interplay between social networks and culture: Theoretically and among whales and dolphins. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences, 368(1618), 20120340. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2012.0340CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ciardelli, L. E., Weiss, A., Powell, D. M., & Reiss, D. (2017). Personality dimensions of the captive California sea lion (Zalophus californianus). Journal of Comparative Psychology, 131(1), 5058. https://doi.org/10.1037/com0000054Google Scholar
Costa, P. T. & McCrae, R. R. (1992). Normal personality assessment in clinical practice: The neo personality inventory. Psychological Assessment, 4(1), 513. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.4.1.5Google Scholar
Goodall, J. (1986). The Chimpanzees of Gombe. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Hall, K. R. L. & Schaller, G. B. (1964). Tool-using behavior of the California sea otter. Journal of Mammalogy, 45(2), 287298. https://doi.org/10.2307/1376994Google Scholar
Herrmann, E., Hernández-Lloreda, M. V., Call, J., Hare, B. A., & Tomasello, M. (2010). The structure of individual differences in the cognitive abilities of children and chimpanzees. Psychological Science, 21(1), 102110. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797609356511Google Scholar
Herrmann, E. & Call, J. (2012). Are there geniuses among the apes? Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences, 367(1603), 27532761. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2012.0191Google Scholar
Highfill, L. E. & Kuczaj, S. A. (2007). Do bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) have distinct and stable personalities? Aquatic Mammals, 33(3), 380389.Google Scholar
Higuchi, H. (1988). Individual differences in bait‐fishing by the green‐backed heron Ardeola striata associated with territory quality. Ibis, 130(1), 3944. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919X.1988.tb00953.xGoogle Scholar
Hill, H. M., Kahn, M. S., Brilliott, L. J., Roberts, B. M., Gutierrez, C., & Artz, S. (2011). Beluga (Delphinapterus leucas) bubble bursts: Surprise, protection, or play? International Journal of Comparative Psychology, 24, 235243. Retrieved from http://comparativepsychology.org/ijcp-2011-2/05.Hill_PDF.pdfGoogle Scholar
Huffman, M. & Hirata, S. (2003). Biological and Ecological Foundations of Primate Behavioral Traditions. The Biology of Traditions: Models and Evidence. In Fragaszy, D. M. & Perry, S (Eds.), The Biology of Traditions (pp. 267296). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Jones, B. L. & Kuczaj, S. A. (2014). Beluga (Delphinapterus leucas) novel bubble helix play behavior. Animal Behavior and Cognition, 2(2), 206. https://doi.org/10.12966/abc.05.10.2014Google Scholar
Kako, E. (1999). Elements of syntax in the systems of three language-trained animals. Animal Learning & Behavior, 27(1), 114.Google Scholar
Kaufman, J. C. (2016). Creativity 101 (2nd ed.). New York: Springer.Google Scholar
Kaufman, J. C., Baer, J., Cole, J. C., & Sexton, J. D. (2008). A comparison of expert and nonexpert raters using the consensual assessment technique. Creativity Research Journal, 20(2), 171178. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400410802059929Google Scholar
Kaufman, A. B. & Rosenthal, R. (2009). Can you believe my eyes? The importance of interobserver reliability statistics in observations of animal behaviour. Animal Behaviour, 78(6), 14871491. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2009.09.014Google Scholar
Kaufman, J. C., Baer, J., & Cole, J. C. (2009). Expertise, domains, and the consensual assessment technique. The Journal of Creative Behavior, 43(4), 223233. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2162-6057.2009.tb01316.xGoogle Scholar
Kaufman, J. C. & Baer, J. (2012). Beyond new and appropriate: Who decides what is creative? Creativity Research Journal, 24(1), 8391. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400419.2012.649237Google Scholar
Kaufman, J. C., Baer, J., Cropley, D. H., Reiter-Palmon, R., & Sinnett, S. (2013). Furious activity vs. understanding: How much expertise is needed to evaluate creative work? Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 7, 332340.Google Scholar
Kaufman, A. B., Reynolds, M. R., & Kaufman, A. S. (2019). The structure of ape (Hominoidea) intelligence. Journal of Comparative Psychology, 133(1), 92105. https://doi.org/10.1037/com0000136Google Scholar
Kopps, A. M., Ackermann, C. Y., Sherwin, W. B., Allen, S. J., Bejder, L., & Krützen, M. (2014). Cultural transmission of tool use combined with habitat specializations leads to fine-scale genetic structure in bottlenose dolphins. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 281(1782), 2013324520133245. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.3245Google Scholar
Krützen, M., Mann, J., Heithaus, M. R., Connor, R. C., Bejder, L., … Sherwin, W. B. (2005). Cultural transmission of tool use in bottlenose dolphins. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 102(25), 89398943. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0500232102Google Scholar
Krützen, M., Kreicker, S., Macleod, C. D., Learmonth, J., Kopps, A. M., Walsham, P., & Allen, S. J. (2014). Cultural transmission of tool use by Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops sp.) provides access to a novel foraging niche. Proceedings. Biological Sciences/The Royal Society, 281(1784), 20140374. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.0374Google Scholar
Kuczaj, S. A. & Highfill, L. E. (2005). Dolphin play: Evidence for cooperation and culture? Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 28(5), 705706.Google Scholar
Kuczaj, S. A., Paulos, R. D. R. D., & Ramos, J. A. (2005). Imitation in Apes, Children, and Dolphins: Implications for the Ontogeny and Phylogeny of Symbolic Representation. In Namy, L. A (Ed.), Symbol Use and Symbolic Representation: Developmental and Comparative Perspectives (p. 221). Retrieved from http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&btnG=Search&q=intitle:Imitation+in+apes,+children,+and+dolphins:+Implications+for+the+Ontogeny+and+Phylogeny+of+Symbolic+Representation#0Google Scholar
Kuczaj, S. A., Makecha, R., Trone, M., Paulos, R. D., & Ramos, J. A. (2006). Role of peers in cultural innovation and cultural transmission: Evidence from the play of dolphin calves. International Journal of Comparative Psychology, 19(2), 223240. Retrieved from http://escholarship.org/uc/item/4pn1t50s.pdfGoogle Scholar
Kuczaj, S. A. & Makecha, R. N. (2008). The Role of Play in the Evolution and Ontogeny of Contextually Flexible Communication. In Oller, D. K. & Griebel, U. (Eds.), Evolution of Communicative Flexibility: Complexity, Creativity, and Adaptability in Human and Animal Communication (pp. 253277). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Lawrence, M. K., Borger-Turner, J. L., Turner, T. N., & Eskelinen, H. C. (2016). Investigating the effects of applied learning principles on the “Create” response in Atlantic bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus). International Journal of Comparative Psychology, 29(1), 111.Google Scholar
Leung, A. K. Y., Kim, S., Polman, E., Ong, L. S., Qiu, L., Goncalo, J. A., & Sanchez-Burks, J. (2012). Embodied metaphors and creative “acts.” Psychological Science, 23, 502509.Google Scholar
McCowan, B., Marino, L., Vance, E., Walke, L., & Reiss, D. (2000). Bubble ring play of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus): Implications for cognition. Journal of Comparative Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037/0735-7036.114.1.98Google Scholar
McCrae, R. R. & Costa, P. T. (1997). Personality trait structure as a human universal. American Psychologist, 52(5), 509516. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.52.5.509Google Scholar
Montgomery, S. H. (2014). The relationship between play, brain growth and behavioural flexibility in primates. Animal Behaviour, 90, 281286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2014.02.004Google Scholar
Paulos, R. D., Trone, M., & Kuczaj, S. A. (2010). Play in wild and captive cetaceans. International Journal of Comparative Psychology, 23(4), (701722).Google Scholar
Perals, D., Griffin, A. S., Bartomeus, I., & Sol, D. (2017). Revisiting the open-field test: What does it really tell us about animal personality? Animal Behaviour, 123, 6979. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2016.10.006Google Scholar
Pryor, K. W. (2014). Historical perspectives: A dolphin journey. Aquatic Mammals, 40(1), 104114.Google Scholar
Pryor, K. W., Haag, R., & O’Reilly, J. (1969). The creative porpoise: Training for novel behavior. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 12(4), 653. Retrieved from www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1338662/Google Scholar
Ramsey, G., Bastian, M. L., & van Schaik, C. (2007). Animal innovation defined and operationalized. The Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 30(4), 393407; discussion 407–432. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X07002373Google Scholar
Rendell, L. E. & Whitehead, H. (2001). Culture in whales and dolphins. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 24(2), 309382.Google Scholar
Rendell, L. E. & Whitehead, H. (2003). Comparing repertoires of sperm whale codas: A multiple methods approach. Bioacoustics, 14(1), 6181.Google Scholar
Rendell, L. E., Mesnick, S. L., Dalebout, M. L., Burtenshaw, J., & Whitehead, H. (2011). Can genetic differences explain vocal dialect variation in sperm whales, Physeter macrocephalus? Behavior Genetics, 42(2), 332343. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10519-011-9513-yGoogle Scholar
Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. S., Murphy, J., Sevcik, R. A. A., Brakke, K. E., Williams, S. L. L., Rumbaugh, D. M. M., & Bates, E. (1993). Language comprehension in ape and child. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 58(3/4), 1252. Retrieved from www.jstor.org/stable/1166068Google Scholar
Soto, C. J., & John, O. P. (2016). The next big five inventory (BFI-2): Developing and assessing a hierarchical model with 15 facets to enhance bandwidth, fidelity, and predictive power. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 113, 117143. https://doi.org/10.1037/pspp0000096Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (1985). Implicit theories of intelligence, creativity, and wisdom. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49, 607627.Google Scholar
Torrance, E. P. (1974). Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking. Lexington, MA: Ginn.Google Scholar
Torrance, E. P. (2008). Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking: Norms-Technical Manual, Verbal Forms A and B. Bensenville, IL: Scholastic Testing Service.Google Scholar
Walsh, R. N. & Cummins, R. A. (1976). The open-field test: A critical review. Psychological Bulletin, 83, 482504. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.83.3.482Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×