Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-6d856f89d9-gndc8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-16T07:49:13.653Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter 6 - Virgil’s Iliad

from Part III - Interpretation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 March 2014

David Scott Wilson-Okamura
Affiliation:
East Carolina University
Get access

Summary

Know’st thou not there is but one theme for ever-enduring bards?

And that is the theme of War, the fortune of battles,

The making of perfect soldiers.

Walt Whitman, “As I Ponder’d in Silence”

From antiquity onward, the Aeneid was divided into two parts: an Odyssean half, of wanderings, and an Iliadic half, of wars. Interpretation of Books 1 through 6 followed the outlines established by ancient commentaries on Homer’s Odyssey, in which the journey of the hero was allegorized as the soul’s progress from sensuality to wisdom. The main difference was that commentaries on the Aeneid gave far more attention to the underworld.

Commentary on the second half of the Aeneid was less focused, in that no one episode dominated interpretation. There is a contrast here, not only with the first six books, but with much of recent scholarship. More than anything, the episode that has occupied critics in our own time is the death of Turnus in Book 12. In deference to this, we shall begin there, with the ending. But that is a concession: as we shall see, the death of Turnus was important in the Renaissance, but it was not the defining moment of the whole poem.

Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2010

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Philip, Hardie, “Closure in Latin Epic,” in Classical Closure: Reading the End in Greek and Latin Literature, ed. Roberts, Deborah H., Dunn, Francis M., and Fowler, Don (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1997), pp. 139–62.Google Scholar
Philip, Hardie, “Virgil and Tragedy,” in The Cambridge Companion to Virgil, ed. Martindale, Charles (Cambridge University Press, 1997), pp. 312–26.Google Scholar
Willcock, M. M., “Battle Scenes in the Aeneid,” Proceedings of the Cambridge Philological Society 209 (1983), 87–99, at 94CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Galinsky, , “The Anger of Aeneas,” American Journal of Philology 109 (1988), 321–48, at 323.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dialoghi, ed. Raimondi, Ezio, 3 vols. in 4 (Florence: Sansoni, 1958)
Craig, Kallendorf, The Other Virgil (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2007), pp. 42–44.Google Scholar
Lettere poetiche, ed. Molinari, Carla (Parma: Guanda, 1995), p. 246
Martin, Mueller, “Turnus and Hotspur: The Political Adversary in the Aeneid and Henry IV,” Phoenix 23 (1969), 278–90.Google Scholar
Prose, ed. Mazzali, Ettore (Milan: Ricciardi, 1959), pp. 610–14.
Lauren, Scancarelli Seem, “The Limits of Chivalry: Tasso and the End of the Aeneid,” Comparative Literature 42 (1990), 116–25Google Scholar
Hale, J. R., War and Society in Renaissance Europe 1450–1620 (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1985), pp. 193–97Google Scholar
Colin, Burrow, Epic Romance from Homer to Milton (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1993), pp. 127–31.Google Scholar
Hamilton, A. C., The Structure of Allegory in The Faerie Queene (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1961), pp. 112–16Google Scholar
Michael, Leslie, Spenser’s “Fierce Warres and Faithfull Loves”: Martial and Chivalric Symbolism in The Faerie Queene (Cambridge: Brewer, 1983), pp. 92–98Google Scholar
Sir Philip, Sidney, The Countess of Pembroke’s Arcadia (New Arcadia), ed. Skretkowicz, Victor (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1987), p. 462Google Scholar
Roche, Jr. Thomas P., “Ending the New Arcadia: Virgil and Ariosto,” Sidney Newsletter 10 (1989), 3–12.Google Scholar
Peter, Burnell, “The Death of Turnus and Roman Morality,” Greece & Rome 2nd ser. 34 (1987), 186–200Google Scholar
Nicholas, Horsfall, A Companion to the Study of Virgil (Leiden: Brill, 1995), pp. 192–216.Google Scholar
Garrison, James D., Pietas from Vergil to Dryden (University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1992)Google Scholar
Timothy, Gantz, Early Greek Myth: A Guide to Literary and Artistic Sources (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1993), pp. 652–53, 713–17.Google Scholar
Lactantii Firmiani de divinis institutionibus adversus gentes (Venice: Simone Bevilaqua, 1497)
Pierre, Courcelle, Lecteurs païens et lecteurs chrétiens de l’Énéide, 2 vols. (Paris: Institut de France, 1984)Google Scholar
Murgia, C. E., “The Dating of Servius Revisited,” Classical Philology 98 (2003), 45–69.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Publii Virgilii Maronis . . . opera cum commentariis (Venice: Philippus Pincius Mantuanus, 1499)
Symbolarum libri Virgilij (Augsburg: Praetorius, 1599), cols. 2348–49.
Michael, C. J. Putnam, The Poetry of the Aeneid (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1965)Google Scholar
Aeneid, : Interpretation and Influence (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1995)Google Scholar
David, Quint, Epic and Empire: Politics and Generic Form from Virgil to Milton (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1993), pp. 65–83.Google Scholar
Agathe, Thornton, The Living Universe: Gods and Men in Virgil’s Aeneid (Leiden: Brill, 1976), pp. 159–63Google Scholar
Francis, Cairns, Virgil’s Augustan Epic (Cambridge University Press, 1989), pp. 69–84Google Scholar
Galinsky, , “How to Be Philosophical about the End of the Aeneid,” Illinois Classical Studies 19 (1994), 191–201Google Scholar
The Passions in Roman Thought and Literature, ed. Morton Braund, Susanna and Gill, Christopher (Cambridge University Press, 1997), pp. 169–84CrossRef
Harris, William V, Restraining Rage: The Ideology of Anger Control in Classical Antiquity (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Averill, James R., Anger and Aggression: An Essay on Emotion (New York: Springer-Verlag, 1982), pp. 82–89.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Historicizing the ‘Harvard School’: Pessimistic Readings of the Aeneid in Italian Renaissance Scholarship,” Harvard Studies in Classical Philology 99 (1999), 391–403, at 396–97, 401–2CrossRef
Diana, Robin, Filelfo in Milan: Writings, 1451–1477 (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1991), pp. 75–76.Google Scholar
Chrysostom, ; Luther’s Works, gen. eds. Pelikan, Jaroslov and Lehmann, Helmut T., 55 vols. (St. Louis, MO: Concordia, 1958–86), vol. xxi, pp. 78–79Google Scholar
John, Downame, Spiritual Physicke to Cure the Diseases of the Soule, Arising from Superfluitie of Choller (STC 7147; London, 1600)Google Scholar
Graham, Kenneth J. E., The Performance of Conviction: Plainness and Rhetoric in the Early English Renaissance (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1994)Google Scholar
Errors about Ovid and Romance,” Spenser Studies 23 (2008), 215–34.CrossRef
Giustiniani, , “Il Filelfo, l’interpretazione allegorica di Virgilio e la tripartizione platonica dell’anima,” in Umanesimo e Rinascimento: Studi offerti a Paul Oskar Kristeller (Florence: Olschki, 1980), pp. 33–42, at pp. 38–40.Google Scholar
Fulgentius, , Opera, ed. Helm, Rudolf (1898; repr. Stuttgart: Teubner, 1970), pp. 105–7Google Scholar
Operum Francisci Petrarchæ florentini tomi (Basel: Henrichus Petrus, 1554; facsimile repr. Ridgewood, NJ: Gregg, 1965)
“killed and quite vanquished by marriage.” Orlando Furioso in English Heroical Verse (STC 746; London: Richard Field, 1591), p. 404.
Mary Thomas, Crane, Framing Authority: Sayings, Self, and Society in Sixteenth-Century England (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1993), p. 4.Google Scholar
Kintgen, Eugene R., Reading in Tudor England (Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1996), pp. 15–17, 40–43, 56, 81–82, 182.Google Scholar
Robert, Bolgar, “From Humanism to the Humanities,” Twentieth Century Studies 9 (1973), 8–21Google Scholar
Schooling in Renaissance Italy: Literacy and Learning, 1300–1600 (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1989), pp. 240–41.
Hinds, , Allusion and Intertext: Dynamics of Appropriation in Roman Poetry (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1998)Google Scholar
Joseph, Pucci, The Full-Knowing Reader: Allusion and the Power of the Reader in the Western Literary Tradition (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1998).Google Scholar
Grafton, Anthony and Lisa, Jardine, From Humanism to the Humanities: Education and the Liberal Arts in Fifteenth- and Sixteenth-Century Europe (London: Duckworth, 1986)Google Scholar
Grendler, Paul F., Schooling in Renaissance Italy: Literacy and Learning, 1300–1600 (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1989)Google Scholar
Karlheinz, Stierle, “Les lieux du commentaire,” in Les commentaires et la naissance de la critique littéraire: France/Italie (e–e siècles), ed. Mathieu-Castellani, Gisèle and Plaisance, Michel (Paris: Aux Amateurs de Livres, 1990), pp. 19–29, at p. 22.Google Scholar
Ann, Moss, Printed Commonplace Books and the Structuring of Renaissance Thought (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1996), p. 128.Google Scholar
Craig, Kallendorf, Virgil and the Myth of Venice: Books and Readers in the Italian Renaissance (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1999), pp. 58–61, 222–24.Google Scholar
Peter, Mack, Elizabethan Rhetoric: Theory and Practice (Cambridge University Press, 2002), p. 44.Google Scholar
Hardison, O. B., The Enduring Monument: A Study of the Idea of Praise in Renaissance Literary Theory and Practice (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1962), pp. 33–34, 80–85Google Scholar
Cain, Thomas H., Praise in The Faerie Queene (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1978), pp. 2–5Google Scholar
Brian, Vickers, “Epideictic and Epic in the Renaissance,” New Literary History 14 (1983), 497–537Google Scholar
Kallendorf, Craig, In Praise of Aeneas: Virgil and Epideictic Rhetoric in the Early Italian Renaissance (Hanover: University Press of New England, 1989).Google Scholar
Melanchthon, , “Ad lectorem,” in Virgilius Maro Philippi Melanchthonis scholiis doctissimis illvstratus (Cologne: G. Fabritius, 1563)Google Scholar
Bernard, Weinberg, A History of Literary Criticism in the Italian Renaissance, 2 vols. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1961), vol. i, p. 269Google Scholar
Don Cameron, Allen, Mysteriously Meant: The Rediscovery of Pagan Symbolism and Allegorical Interpretation in the Renaissance (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1970), p. 158Google Scholar
Leath Mills, Jerry, “Spenser’s Letter to Raleigh and the Averroistic Poetics,” English Language Notes 14 (1977), 246–49.Google Scholar
Cervantes, , Don Quixote 1.25, trans. Walter Starkie (London: Macmillan, 1964), p. 241.Google Scholar
Starr, Raymond J., “An Epic of Praise: Tiberius Claudius Donatus and Vergil’s Aeneid,” Classical Antiquity 11 (1992), 159–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rouse, R. H., “Ti. Claudius Donatus,” in Texts and Transmission: A Survey of the Latin Classics, ed. Reynolds, L. D. (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1983), pp. 157–58.Google Scholar
Gregory, Nagy, “Early Greek Views of Poets and Poetry,” in The Cambridge History of Literary Criticism, vol. i: Classical Criticism, ed. Kennedy, George A. (Cambridge University Press, 1989), pp. 1–77, at pp. 8–18;Google Scholar
Minnis, A. J. and Scott, A. B., Medieval Literary Theory and Criticism c. 1100–c. 1375: The Commentary Tradition, rev. edn. (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1991), ch. 7.Google Scholar
Thomas, Richard F., Virgil and the Augustan Reception (Cambridge University Press, 2001)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Philippe, Renouard, Bibliographie des impressions et des œuvres de Josse Badius Ascensius, imprimeur et humaniste, 1462–1535, 3 vols. (Paris: Paul et fils et Guillemin, 1908)Google Scholar
Gabriel, Harvey, Ciceronianus (1577), trans. Forbes, Clarence A. (Lincoln: University of Nebraska, 1945), pp. 86–87.Google Scholar
Wengert, Timothy J., “Philip Melanchthon’s 1522 Annotations on Romans and the Lutheran Origins of Rhetorical Criticism,” in Biblical Interpretation in the Era of the Reformation, ed. Muller, Richard A. and Thompson, John L. (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1996), pp. 118–40Google Scholar
Wengert, , Human Freedom, Christian Righteousness: Philip Melanchthon’s Exegetical Dispute with Erasmus of Rotterdam (New York: Oxford University Press, 1998)Google Scholar
Raphael, Lyne, Ovid’s Changing Worlds: English Metamorphoses 1567–1632 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001), pp. 34–46.Google Scholar
Golding, , “The Epistle,” in The .. Bookes of P. Ouidius Naso, Entytuled Metamorphosis, Translated Oute of Latine into English meeter (STC 18956; London: Willyam Seres, 1567)Google Scholar
Mulcaster, , Positions (1581), ch. 43, ed. Quick, Robert (New York: Longmans, 1881), p. 268Google Scholar
Harington, , “A Brief Apology for Poetry” (1591), in ECE, vol. ii, p. 212.Google Scholar
Quintilian, , Institutio oratoria 10.1.20 (Venice: Georgius de Rusconibus, 1572), fol. clxiv.Google Scholar
Lisa, Jardine, “Humanism and the Sixteenth Century Cambridge Arts Course,” History of Education 4 (1975), 16–31, at 16–17.Google Scholar
Curtis, Mark H., Oxford and Cambridge in Transition, 1558–1642 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1959), pp. 98, 101–7, and esp. 112.Google Scholar
Robert Andrew, Kaster, Guardians of Language: The Grammarian and Society in Late Antiquity (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1988)Google Scholar
Gerald, Snare, “The Practice of Glossing in Late Antiquity and the Renaissance,” Studies in Philology 92 (1995), 439–59Google Scholar
Julian WardJones, Jr Jones, Jr, “Allegorical Interpretation in Servius,” Classical Journal 56 (1961), 217–26Google Scholar
Christopher, Baswell, Virgil in Medieval England: Figuring the Aeneid from the Twelfth Century to Chaucer (Cambridge University Press, 1995), (esp. p. 49)Google Scholar
Robert, Black, Humanism and Education in Medieval and Renaissance Italy: Tradition and Innovation in Latin Schools from the Twelfth Century to the Fifteenth Century (Cambridge University Press, 2001).Google Scholar
Christiane, Deloince-Louette, Sponde: Commentateur d’Homère (Paris: Champion, 2001), p. 43Google Scholar
Philip, Ford, “Du Bellay et les mythes homériques,” in Histoire et littérature au siècle de Montaigne, ed. Argod-Dutard, Françoise (Geneva: Droz, 2001), pp. 327–38Google Scholar
Ford, , “What Song the Sirens Sang. . . : The Representation of Odysseus in Ronsard’s Poetry,” in Ronsard, figure de la variété: En mémoire d’Isidore Silver, ed. Winne, Colette H. (Geneva: Droz, 2002), pp. 99–114.Google Scholar
Lavinia and Beatrice: The Second Half of the Aeneid in the Middle Ages,” Dante Studies 119 (2001), 103–24, at 106–9.
Landino’s, Scritti critici e theorici, ed. Cardini, Roberto, 2 vols. (Rome: Bulzoni, 1974), vol. i, pp. 20–28Google Scholar
Arthur, Field, “A Manuscript of Cristoforo Landino’s First Lectures on Virgil, 1462–63,” Renaissance Quarterly 31 (1978), 17–20Google Scholar
Field, , “An Inaugural Oration by Cristoforo Landino in Praise of Virgil (From Codex «2», Casa Cavalli, Ravenna),” Rinascimento 2nd ser. 21 (1981), 235–45.Google Scholar
Desmond, Marilynn, Reading Dido: Gender, Textuality, and the Medieval Aeneid (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1994)Google Scholar
John, Watkins, The Specter of Dido: Spenser and Virgilian Epic (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1995), pp. 49–50.Google Scholar
Landino, , Disputationes camaldulenses, Bk. 4, ed. Lohe, Peter (Florence: Sansoni, 1980), pp. 209–11.Google Scholar
Michael, Murrin, The Allegorical Epic: Essays in Its Rise and Decline (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1980), p. 216 .Google Scholar
Erasmus, , Opera omnia (Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1969– ), ord. 1, vol. ii, p. 145.Google Scholar
James, Nohrnberg, The Analogy of The Faerie Queene (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1976), pp. 60–63Google Scholar
Andrea, Alciato, Emblemata (Lyon: G. Rouilius, 1550), p. 212 (“Nupta contagioso”).Google Scholar
Ronsard, , Les œuvres de Pierre de Ronsard, ed. Silver, Isidore, 6 vols. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1966–68), vol. iv, p. 12.Google Scholar
Vida, , De arte poetica (1527), 1.110–22, trans. Williams, Ralph G. (New York: Columbia University Press, 1976), p. 11.Google Scholar
Virgilian Models of Colonization in Shakespeare’s Tempest,” ELH 70 (2003), 709–37.CrossRef
Bartels, Emily C., Spectacles of Strangeness: Imperialism, Alienation, and Marlowe (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1993)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yates, Frances A., Astraea: The Imperial Theme in the Sixteenth Century (1975; repr. Harmondsworth: Peregrine-Penguin, 1977)Google Scholar
Mary, Tanner, The Last Descendant of Aeneas: The Hapsburgs and the Mythic Image of the Emperor (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1993).Google Scholar
Andrew, Fichter, Poets Historical: Dynastic Epic in the Renaissance (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1982)Google Scholar
Peter, Marinelli, Ariosto and Boiardo: The Origins of Orlando Furioso (Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1987)Google Scholar
Sylvia, Federico, New Troy: Fantasies of Empire in the Late Middle Ages (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2003)Google Scholar
Alan, Shepard and Powell, Stephen D., eds., Fantasies of Troy: Classical Tales and the Social Imaginary in Medieval and Early Modern Europe (Toronto: Centre for Reformation and Renaissance Studies, 2004).Google Scholar
Pierre, Courcelle, “Les exégèses chrétiennes de la quatrième Églogue,” Revue des études anciennes 59 (1957), 294–319Google Scholar
Sabine, MacCormack, The Shadows of Poetry: Vergil in the Mind of Augustine (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1998), pp. 21–31.Google Scholar
Witt, Ronald G., In the Footsteps of the Ancients: The Origins of Humanism from Lovato to Bruni (Leiden: Brill, 2000).Google Scholar
Two Renaissance Book Hunters: The Letters of Poggio Bracciolini to Nicolaus de Nicolis, trans. Gordan, P. W. G. (New York: Columbia University Press, 1974)
Reynolds, L. D. and Wilson, N. G., Scribes and Scholars: A Guide to the Transmission of Greek and Latin Literature, 2nd edn. (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1974)Google Scholar
Remigio, Sabbadini, Le scoperte dei codici latini e greci ne’ secoli e , rev. Garin, Eugenio, 2 vols. (Florence: Sansoni, 1967)Google Scholar
Sabbadini, , Storia e critica di testi latini, 2nd edn. (Padua: Antenore, 1971)Google Scholar
Reynolds, L. D., ed., Texts and Transmission: A Survey of the Latin Classics, rev. edn. (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1986).Google Scholar
Marc, Fumaroli, L’âge de l’éloquence (1980; repr. Paris: Michel, 1994), pp. 172–74Google Scholar
Andrew, Burnstein, “Jefferson and the Familiar Letter,” Journal of the Early Republic 14 (1994), 195–220, at 199–202Google Scholar
Marc, Bizer, “Letters from Home: The Epistolary Aspects of Joachim Du Bellay’s Les Regrets,” Renaissance Quarterly 52 (1999), 140–79, at 145–52, 157–59.Google Scholar
Mary, Louise Lord, “The Use of Macrobius and Boethius in Some Fourteenth-Century Commentaries on Virgil,” International Journal of the Classical Tradition 3.1 (1996), 3–22, at 4.Google Scholar
Warner, J. Christopher, The Augustinian Epic, Petrarch to Milton (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2005), pp. 33–37Google Scholar
Bernardo, Aldo S. et al., Letters of Old Age, 2 vols. (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1992), vol. i, pp. 139–51.Google Scholar
Julia Haig, Gaisser, “Teaching Classics in the Renaissance: Two Case Histories,” Transactions of the American Philological Association 131 (2001), 1–21Google Scholar
Celenza, Christopher S., The Lost Italian Renaissance: Humanists, Historians, and Latin’s Legacy (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2004)Google Scholar
Roche, Jr. Thomas P., “Ariosto’s Marfisa: Or, Camilla Domesticated,” Modern Language Notes 103 (1988), 113–33, at 113.Google Scholar
Lisa, Jardine, “‘O decus italiae virgo,’ or The Myth of the Learned Lady in the Renaissance,” Historical Journal 28 (1985), 799–819, at 804–7.Google Scholar
Cook, Albert S., “The Amazonian Type in Poetry,” Modern Language Notes 5 (1890), 161–64CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Margaret, Tomalin, The Fortunes of the Warrior Heroine in Italian Literature: An Index of Emancipation (Ravenna: Longo, 1982)Google Scholar
Robinson, Lillian S., Monstrous Regiment: The Lady Knight in Sixteenth-Century Epic (New York: Garland, 1985)Google Scholar
Kathryn, Schwarz, Tough Love: Amazon Encounters in the English Renaissance (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2000)Google Scholar
Frédérique, Verrier, Le miroir des amazones: Amazones, viragos et guerrières dans la littérature italienne des XVe et XVIe siècles (Paris: Harmattan, 2003)Google Scholar
Simon, Shepherd, Amazons and Warrior Women: Varieties of Feminism in Seventeenth-Century Drama (Brighton, Sussex: Harvester, 1981)Google Scholar
Diane, Dugaw, Warrior Women and Popular Balladry, 1650–1850 (Cambridge University Press, 1989)Google Scholar
Freeman, Daniel E., “‘La guerriera amante’: Representations of Amazons and Warrior Queens in Venetian Baroque Opera,” Musical Quarterly 80 (1996), 431–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Belphoebe and Gloriana,” English Literary Renaissance 39 (2009), 47–73.CrossRef
Roche, Jr. Thomas P., Petrarch and the English Sonnet Sequences (New York: AMS, 1989), pp. 107–12.Google Scholar
Bono, Barbara J., Literary Transvaluation: From Vergilian Epic to Shakespearean Tragicomedy (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1984), pp. 61–79, 81–82Google Scholar
Mihoko, Suzuki, Metamorphoses of Helen: Authority, Difference, and the Epic (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1989), pp. 92–150Google Scholar
Pavlock, Barbara, Eros, Imitation, and the Epic Tradition (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1990)Google Scholar
Everson, Jane E., The Italian Romance Epic in the Age of Humanism: The Matter of Italy and the World of Rome (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jo Ann, Cavallo, The Romance Epics of Boiardo, Ariosto, and Tasso: From Public Duty to Private Pleasure (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2004)Google Scholar
Helen, Cooper, The English Romance in Time: Transforming Motifs from Geoffrey of Monmouth to the Death of Shakespeare (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004)Google Scholar
Errors about Ovid and Romance,” Spenser Studies 23 (2008), 215–34.CrossRef
George, Puttenham, The Arte of English Poesie (1589) 1.31, ed. Doidge Willcock, Gladys and Walker, Alice (Cambridge University Press, 1936), p. 62.Google Scholar
Jo Ann, Cavallo, “Tasso’s Armida and the Victory of Romance,” in Renaissance Transactions: Ariosto and Tasso, ed. Finucci, Valeria (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1999), pp. 77–111.Google Scholar
Brooks, Otis, Virgil: A Study in Civilized Poetry (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1964)Google Scholar
Wendell, Clausen, Virgil’s Aeneid and the Tradition of Hellenistic Poetry (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1987)Google Scholar
The Conspiracy of Allusion: Description, Rewriting, and Authorship from Macrobius to Medieval Romance (Leiden: Brill, 1999), pp. 171–94.
Salverda de Grave, J. J., Enéas, roman du e siècle, 2 vols. (Paris: Champion, 1925 and 1929)Google Scholar
Aimé, Petit and Jean, Dufournet, “Bibliographie de l’Enéas,” in Relire led’Enéas, Roman, ed. Dufournet, Jean (Paris: Champion, 1985), pp. 189–99Google Scholar
Yunck’s, John A. translation, Eneas: A Twelfth-Century French Romance (New York: Columbia University Press, 1974)Google Scholar
Raymond, Cormier, One Heart One Mind: The Rebirth of Virgil’s Hero in Medieval French Romance (University, MS: University Monographs, 1973), pp. 131, 136.Google Scholar
The Works of Edmund Spenser: A Variorum Edition, ed. Greenlaw, Edwin et al., 11 vols. (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1932–57)
Colin, Burrow, review of John, Watkins, The Specter of Dido (1995), in Modern Philology 95 (1997), 103–6, at 103, 105–6.
Paola, Bono and Tessitore, M. Vittoria, Il mito di Didone: Avventure di una regina tra secoli e culture (Milan: Mondadori, 1998)Google Scholar
Essays on Shakespeare and Elizabethan Drama in Honor of Hardin Craig, ed. Hosley, Richard (Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1962), pp. 55–68
Horsfall, N. M., “Dido in the Light of History,” Proceedings of the Virgil Society 13 (1973–74), 1–13Google Scholar
Mary, Louise Lord, “Dido as an Example of Chastity: The Influence of Example Literature,” Harvard Library Bulletin 17 (1969), 22–44, 216–32.Google Scholar
Edmond, Faral, “Ovide et quelques autres sources du Roman d’Enéas,” Romania 40 (1911), 161–234Google Scholar
Erich, Auerbach, Literary Language and Its Public in Late Latin Antiquity and in the Middle Ages (1958), trans. Manheim, Ralph (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1965), pp. 208–15.Google Scholar
Relire led’Enéas, Roman, ed. Dufournet, Jean (Paris: Champion, 1985), pp. 169–87, at 180.
de Lage, G. Raynaud, “Les ‘romans antiques’ dans l’Histoire ancienne jusqu’à César,” Le moyen âge, 4th ser., 12 (1957), 267–309, at 297 (emphasis mine).Google Scholar
Cormier, , “Gleanings on the Manuscript Tradition of the Roman d’Eneas,” Manuscripta 18 (1974), 42–47.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Enéas: texte critique, ed. Jean-Jacques, Salverda de Grave (Halle: Niemeyer, 1891)
Sessions, W. A., Henry Howard, the Poet Earl of Surrey: A Life (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999), p. 238.Google Scholar
Lodovico, Castelvetro, Poetica d’Aristotele vulgarizzata e sposta, ed. Romani, Werther, 2 vols. (Rome: Laterza, 1978–79), vol. ii, pp. 157–58.Google Scholar
Das Aeneissupplement des Maffeo Vegio (with a German translation), ed. Schneider, Bernd (Weinheim: Acta Humaniora, 1985)
Short Epics, trans. Putnam, Michael C. J. (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2004)Google Scholar
Classical Bulletin 81 (2006), 240–42
Brinton, A. C., Maphaeus Vegius and His Thirteenth Book of the Aeneid: A Chapter on Virgil in the Renaissance (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1930)Google Scholar
Ross, Charles S., “Maffeo Vegio’s ‘short Cristyn wark,’ with a Note on the Thirteenth Book in Early Editions of Vergil,” Modern Philology 78 (1981), 215–26CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Margaret, Tudeau-Clayton, “Supplementing the Aeneid in Early Modern England: Translation, Imitation, Commentary,” International Journal of the Classical Tradition 4 (1998), 507–25Google Scholar
Hans, Kern, Supplemente zur Äneis aus dem 15 und 17 Jahrhunderdt (Nuremberg: Stich, 1896)Google Scholar
Paul, Gerhard Schmidt, “Neulatinische Supplemente zur Aeneis. Mit einer Edition der Exsequiae Turni von Jan van Foreest,” in Acta conventus neo-latini lovaniensis, ed. Ijsewijn, Jozeph and Kessler, Eckhard (Louvain: Leuven University Press, 1973), pp. 517–55.Google Scholar
George, Duckworth, “Maphaeus Vegius and Vergil’s Aeneid: A Metrical Comparison,” Classical Philology 64 (1969), 1–6Google Scholar
Vladimiro, Zabughin, Vergilio nel rinascimento italiano da Dante a Torquato Tasso, 2 vols. (Bologna: Zanichelli, 1921, 1923), vol. i, pp. 282–83.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×