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The most extensive history of punctuation in English literature available, this three-volume set examines the production, context, and impact of punctuation in nearly 100 major authors and texts from the Medieval period to the present. Essays address the complexity, nuance, and significance of punctuation in works of poetry, drama, and prose, using diplomatic quotation to demonstrate punctuation's essential part in literary writing, production, reading, and reception. Topics covered include scribal and textual transmission and genesis ; manuscript and print ; pedagogy ; standardization ; house style ; conventions ; editorial intervention ; reading experiences ; and elocutionary, syntactical, deictic, and spatial punctuation. A general introduction discusses theories and practices of punctuation, while three volume-introductions address the age of manuscript, impact of printing, and subsequent pressures of mechanization, industrialization, and digitization. This History demonstrates that punctuation, far from “accidental,” is a crucial element of hermeneutics, deeply impacting literary practice, meaning, and interpretation.
The most extensive history of punctuation in English literature available, this three-volume set examines the production, context, and impact of punctuation in nearly 100 major authors and texts from the Medieval period to the present. Essays address the complexity, nuance, and significance of punctuation in works of poetry, drama, and prose, using diplomatic quotation to demonstrate punctuation's essential part in literary writing, production, reading, and reception. Topics covered include scribal and textual transmission and genesis; manuscript and print; pedagogy; standardization; house style; conventions; editorial intervention; reading experiences; and elocutionary, syntactical, deictic, and spatial punctuation. A general introduction discusses theories and practices of punctuation, while three volume-introductions address the age of manuscript, impact of printing, and subsequent pressures of mechanization, industrialization, and digitization. This History demonstrates that punctuation, far from 'accidental,' is a crucial element of hermeneutics, deeply impacting literary practice, meaning, and interpretation.
The most extensive history of punctuation in English literature available, this three-volume set examines the production, context, and impact of punctuation in nearly 100 major authors and texts from the Medieval period to the present. Essays address the complexity, nuance, and significance of punctuation in works of poetry, drama, and prose, using diplomatic quotation to demonstrate punctuation's essential part in literary writing, production, reading, and reception. Topics covered include scribal and textual transmission and genesis ; manuscript and print ; pedagogy ; standardization ; house style ; conventions ; editorial intervention ; reading experiences ; and elocutionary, syntactical, deictic, and spatial punctuation. A general introduction discusses theories and practices of punctuation, while three volume-introductions address the age of manuscript, impact of printing, and subsequent pressures of mechanization, industrialization, and digitization. This History demonstrates that punctuation, far from “accidental,” is a crucial element of hermeneutics, deeply impacting literary practice, meaning, and interpretation.
Pythagoreanism stands as one the most influential – and obscure – philosophical movements in antiquity. Most ancients identified Pythagoras as the originator of the concept of philosophy, or “love of wisdom”; but his philosophy is often assumed to fade away with the dispersal of the Pythagorean communities in the fourth century BCE. This pathbreaking book presents the afterlife of Pythagoreanism, identifying the wide range of philosophical views that Pythagoreans developed in the Hellenistic and Roman periods, when the legacy of Pythagoras and his students was contested. Through careful analysis and synthesis of hundreds of ancient Greek passages never before translated into English, as well as extensive subject introductions, it gives shape to later Pythagorean philosophy as a whole, and in its parts, for the very first time.
This extensively illustrated commentary on Darwin's Origin of Species offers a comprehensive, modern analysis of his revolutionary argument, situating his ideas within the evolutionary research and debates they inspired. Building on an unfinished manuscript by the pre-eminent evolutionary biologist Ernst Mayr, the book draws on more than 1,500 scholarly sources to expand on Darwin's revolutionary insights and to assess over 160 years of subsequent scientific progress. Each of Darwin's chapters is examined in detail, clarifying his reasoning while showing how his ideas have been refined, revised, or confirmed by later discoveries. In doing so, this new work highlights the enduring power and sweeping implications of Darwin's theoretical framework. More than 100 historical and scientific images illuminate Darwin's era and the central findings of evolutionary research, bringing the Origin vividly to life. The result is an authoritative analysis and synthesis of the most important scientific book ever written.
Research in phonology has changed dramatically over the past two decades, with increasing influence from adjacent fields, including phonetics, psychology, and computer science, on both theories and methodologies. Cross-field interaction has led to a new emphasis on computation, learning, and evidence, and many new theoretical frameworks and methods have been developed. Now in its second edition, this handbook provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of phonological theories, methods, and evidence. It has been fully revised and updated to offer both foundational and forward-looking content by combining classic issues with new research areas. Split into five thematic sections, with each chapter written by an expert in the field, this handbook continues to represent the state of the art in the discipline. It is essential reading for instructors, researchers, and students of phonology, as well as for those in related fields such as phonetics, morphology, syntax, semantics, psycholinguistics, and speech pathology.
This volume offers a clear and authoritative gateway into the world of Hellenistic poetry, presenting the state of the art in a form accessible to newcomers and valuable to experienced scholars alike. Designed for undergraduate and graduate students of ancient cultures, especially those in Classics, as well as instructors and researchers, it distils a complex literary era into an illuminating, concise guide. Moving beyond isolated readings of individual poets such as Callimachus, Theocritus and Apollonius, the book situates Hellenistic poetry within its rich historical, political, cultural, and religious contexts, and discusses its important afterlife in Roman poetry. It highlights how shifting power structures, expanding intellectual networks, and new forms of cultural expression and religion shaped poetic innovation both in Alexandria and in the wider Mediterranean world. Whether used in the classroom or consulted as a research companion, this Companion provides an indispensable, overview of a transformative period in ancient literature.
Machiavelli's Discourses on Livy is a monumental work in the history of political thought, which argues for republican government as the constitutional form best suited to producing a glorious nation. Published posthumously in 1531, the Discourses represent Machiavelli's most extensive treatment of politics, covering the ordering of republics, the governance of kingdoms, the administration of military affairs, the conduct of wars and the expansion of empires. This modern translation accurately explains and contextualises Machiavelli's political and historical vocabulary, with commentary indicating its vast range of classical, medieval and humanist sources, as well as identifying its huge number of historical references. Robert Black's accessible introduction, notes and references offer insights into Machiavelli's implicit concepts, providing a full understanding of the Discourses for English-language readers.
This accessible yet rigorous textbook introduces the fundamentals of linear algebra in the context of real-world data science applications. Including the latest developments in the field, clear and detailed mathematical explanations. and extensive examples, it offers a comprehensive and approachable introduction to the subject, focusing on the foundations of the singular value decomposition and its many uses. Key topics include matrix subspaces, reduced-rank matrix approximation, angles between subspaces, averaging subspaces, spectral embedding algorithms including Laplacian eigenmaps and multidimensional scaling, the K-SVD dictionary learning algorithm, and the generalized singular value decomposition. The text takes a practical approach, featuring real-world application examples and more than 600 end-of-chapter exercises. Accompanying online resources include a solutions manual for instructors, data sets, and MATLAB and Python code for implementing algorithms in the text.
This textbook builds up General Relativity in a modern way that shows the marvellous unity in physics. Einstein's gravity can be understood as the theory of matter interacting with a massless spin-2 particle (the graviton), just as electromagnetism is the theory of charges interacting with a massless spin-1 particle (the photon). Starting with scalar gravity and electromagnetism, General Relativity is developed step by step, highlighting all the key ideas and equations. The text develops many applications of enduring interest, including solar-system effects and cosmological expansion, as well as important cutting-edge topics such as black hole imaging and gravitational wave detection. In-chapter exercises and end-chapter problems allow readers to test their understanding, with selected solutions available to instructors online. The textbook provides essential material for the beginning – and experienced – physicist or astronomer interested in modern developments in gravitation, astrophysics and cosmology, and their connections to particle physics and fundamental physics.
This extraordinary memoir by Concha Lombardo de Miramón is the only known autobiography written by a nineteenth-century Mexican woman. In it she recounts her life from her birth in Mexico City to the beginning of her long European exile following her husband's execution for supporting Maximilian, the ill-fated Austrian prince who established an empire in Mexico. Now available for the first time in English, translated and edited by Silvia Marina Arrom, it offers rich insight into Mexico's past from a female perspective. Concha provides not only eyewitness accounts of Mexico's bitter civil wars and leading political figures, but also lively anecdotes of daily life that both confirm and question stereotypes about women and gender. Readers will enjoy, and relate to, her accounts of family secrets, childhood mischief, possessive boyfriends, marital spats, practical jokes, daring escapades, and, finally, a love story that ends in tragedy.
Vladimir Lenin remains one of the most significant figures of the twentieth century: a major socialist thinker, the leading figure in the October Revolution of 1917 in Russia and an enduring influence on the global revolutionary movement. This Companion offers a major reassessment of Lenin, his thought, experiences and legacy, through a series of concise and accessible chapters, grounded in the latest research. It provides an authoritative survey of important themes and events from the time of Lenin's emergence as a Marxist thinker, writer and revolutionary to his actions during Russia's revolutionary period. Central aspects of Lenin's thought are explored in depth, including revolution, the state, violence, gender, race and culture. The volume also explores the theoretical significance and enduring memorialisation of Lenin over a century after his death.
Drawing on a number of key case studies, this innovative book develops a novel model that highlights how experiments are one of the most important empirical data sources in cognitive linguistics. It covers three problem areas: the uncertainty of experimental data, contradictory experimental results and the relationship between experimental data and theories. It provides metascientific tools which make it possible to (re-)evaluate the reliability and the usability of experiments as data sources, to reveal the relationships between closely related experiments and to summarise their outcomes. By increasing meta-scientific awareness, this book allows researchers to conduct systematic and comprehensive re-evaluations of experiments, which will contribute to more conscious and transparent experimental practices of experimenting in cognitive linguistics, as well as in other fields of research. It is essential reading for researchers and advanced students in cognitive linguistics, psycholinguistics and other areas that involve the study of experimental linguistic data.
Chemical products are ubiquitous in the modern world. They offer many economic and societal benefits but can also present threats to human health and can cause pollution related to their manufacture and use. This revised third edition has been significantly updated to include the latest scientific tools and regulations. It begins by describing the principles and practices of epidemiology and toxicology, then proceeds to explain how this research is applied in practice to establish regulations needed to protect health and to develop risk assessment framework. It features an entirely new chapter on emerging risk assessment science, an expanded discussion of exposure science, and the most recent developments in law and regulation., Written in accessible language, Calculated Risks will be of interest to advanced undergraduate and graduate students taking courses in risk assessment, toxicology or environmental chemistry, and to researchers, professionals and decision makers involved in chemical safety and regulation.
The Cambridge History of Mythology and Mythography offers a comprehensive overview of the history, theory, and practice of mythic analysis. From antiquity to the present day, and from the Americas to Africa, Eurasia, and Oceania, it demonstrates how mythic traditions have played a seminal role in a variety of cultures and civilizations. It also traces the origins and earliest expression of various mythic traditions, their similarities and differences, mutual influences, and their evolution. In addition, this History explores the key roles that literary figures, oral traditionalists, ethnologists, and cinematographers have played in collecting, cataloguing, interpreting, and reinterpreting the mythic traditions. It demonstrates how their work has influenced the transmission and perception of those traditions and enables an appreciation of the similarities and differences between mythological traditions. This comprehensive reference volume also brings an inter- and multi-disciplinary perspective to the topic, revealing how the interaction of various approaches contributes to the study of mythology across the world.
How did the ancient Greeks understand their many gods, and how were those understandings shaped through material acts of worship? Tulsi Parikh explores Archaic Greek religion through the practice of votive offering, treating objects not as passive reflections of belief but as active instruments of religious thought. Through votive gifts, ranging from everyday objects to carefully crafted dedications, worshippers negotiated the uncertain boundary between human and divine, defining divine power, presence, and otherness through material choice. Drawing on archaeological evidence from over twenty sanctuaries across Greece, the book reveals how local, regional, and interregional patterns of dedication expressed diverse yet interconnected theologies. Moving beyond long-standing models of chaos versus order in Greek polytheism, it foregrounds lived religious experience and shows how belief, cognition, and divine relationships were materially produced. The result is a fresh, material-based religious history of Archaic Greece-one written through things. This title is also available as open access on Cambridge Core.