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28 - Minimal residual disease

from Part III - Evaluation and treatment

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 July 2010

By
Dario Campana ,
Andrea Biondi  and
Jacques J. M. van Dongen
Edited by
Ching-Hon Pui
Dario Campana
Affiliation:
Member, Departments of Hematology/Oncology and Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Professor, Department of Pediatrics College of Medicine University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
Andrea Biondi
Affiliation:
Director, M. Tettamanti Research Center, Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
Jacques J. M. van Dongen
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
Ching-Hon Pui
Affiliation:
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis
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Summary

Introduction

A multitude of clinical and biologic factors have been associated with a variable response to treatment in patients with acute leukemia, but their predictive power is far from absolute, and their usefulness for guiding clinical decisions in individual patients is inherently limited. Rather than predicting treatment response, in vivo measurements of leukemia cytoreduction provide direct information on the effectiveness of treatment in each patient. This information should have great clinical utility, but estimates by conventional morphologic techniques have a relatively low sensitivity and accuracy: in most cases, leukemic cells can be detected in bone marrow with certainty only when they constitute 5% or more of the total cell population. These limitations are overcome by methods for detecting minimal (i.e. submicroscopic) residual disease (MRD), which can be 100 times more sensitive than morphology and allow a more objective assessement of treatment response. The definition of “remission” in patients with acute leukemia by these methods is becoming the standard at many cancer centers.

Initial reservations regarding the clinical utility of MRD testing arose from concerns regarding the heterogeneous distribution of leukemia during clinical remission. Another concern was that MRD signals may not correspond to viable leukemic cells with the capacity for renewal. As discussed in this chapter, several correlative studies of MRD and treatment outcome have now firmly established that MRD studies can be highly informative.

The first MRD studies in patients with leukemia were made soon after antibodies for leukocyte differentiation antigens became available.

Type
Chapter
Information
Childhood Leukemias , pp. 679 - 706
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2006

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  • Minimal residual disease
    • By Dario Campana, Member, Departments of Hematology/Oncology and Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Professor, Department of Pediatrics College of Medicine University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA, Andrea Biondi, Director, M. Tettamanti Research Center, Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy, Jacques J. M. van Dongen, Professor, Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
  • Edited by Ching-Hon Pui
  • Book: Childhood Leukemias
  • Online publication: 01 July 2010
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511471001.029
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  • Minimal residual disease
    • By Dario Campana, Member, Departments of Hematology/Oncology and Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Professor, Department of Pediatrics College of Medicine University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA, Andrea Biondi, Director, M. Tettamanti Research Center, Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy, Jacques J. M. van Dongen, Professor, Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
  • Edited by Ching-Hon Pui
  • Book: Childhood Leukemias
  • Online publication: 01 July 2010
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511471001.029
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Minimal residual disease
    • By Dario Campana, Member, Departments of Hematology/Oncology and Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Professor, Department of Pediatrics College of Medicine University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA, Andrea Biondi, Director, M. Tettamanti Research Center, Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy, Jacques J. M. van Dongen, Professor, Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
  • Edited by Ching-Hon Pui
  • Book: Childhood Leukemias
  • Online publication: 01 July 2010
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511471001.029
Available formats
×