With the approach of Allied forces from the north, east, and south, Nancy bustled with a nervous energy reminiscent of Paris during the last foreign invasion almost twenty-two years earlier. Consequently, reports over morale in the provincial capital and its surrounding region vary considerably. “I have passed the day in all the anguish of uncertainty,” commiserates Defrance, the newly appointed inspector general of the army's remounts. “All of Nancy is in consternation, each feels its affects.” “There is much despondency,” comments Caulaincourt. Napoleon's extraordinary-commissioner to the 4th Military District, Senator Jean-Victor Colchen, arrived at Nancy on the evening of 2 January and two days later briefed Minister of War Clarke over the situation. “The spirit of the inhabitants displays itself in such an advantageous manner, and the officials who direct it appear so full of zeal, that I believe the enemy will halt his plans once the duke of Valmy announces he will arrive with sufficient forces.” After reviewing the situation, Colchen issued proclamations on the 4th and 5th summoning the people to defend their homes. These coincided with the 4 January imperial decree that enacted the levée-enmasse in some departments. “The excellent spirit that animates the inhabitants of this [military] division increasingly manifests itself,” continues Colchen's report to Clarke. “The recruits, the horses, and requisitions of all kind flow in with ease and promptness.