This chapter introduces the implementations of artificial agents in robotics. The first section looks at the early development of robotics in GOFAI (Good Old-Fashioned AI). SHAKEY is a representative example designed to operate and perform simple tasks in the real world, which illustrates the physical symbol system hypothesis. The second section introduces alternative ideas from situated cognition theorists. The ideas are inspired by studies on simple cognitive systems such as those of insects, to pursue simple architecture robotics that can solve complex problems. The third section reviews how these theoretical ideas have been translated into particular robotic architectures, focusing on subsumption architectures and some examples of behavior-based robotics.
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