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This chapter looks at three milestones in the dawn of cognitive science. The first section introduces Winograd's computer model - SHRDLU. SHRDLU is a computer program designed to understand human language and respond to commands to perform actions in an artificial environment. SHRDLU's abilities suggest that the representation of mental activity might consist of language-like grammatical structures. The second section discusses an alternative model of representation. The mental image studies reported by Shepard and Kosslyn suggest that some forms of mental representation might be analog rather than digital. The third section looks at Marr's highly influential theory of vision, particularly the three different levels distinguished in his model of visual processing.
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